来自Machina Coelestis的蒙德极小期期间的太阳黑子
Sunspots during the Maunder Minimum from Machina Coelestis by Hevelius
摘要：
我们重新回顾了约翰内斯·赫维留斯在他的著作《Machina Coelestis》（1679）中发表的太阳黑子观测结果，对应于1653-1675年（正好在蒙德极小期的中间）。我们展示了描述太阳黑子记录的原始拉丁文本的详细翻译，并提供了这些太阳黑子观测的一般背景。仅从这一来源，我们仅根据明确告知太阳黑子存在或不存在的记录，对太阳黑子群数的年度值进行了估计。虽然我们得到的太阳黑子群数非常低，但与太阳活动的最小值相一致，这些值通常明显高于Hoyt和Schatten（1998）提供的同期值。
英文摘要：
We revisited the sunspot observations published by Johannes Hevelius in his book Machina Coelestis (1679) corresponding to the period 1653-1675 (just in the middle of the Maunder Minimum). We show detailed translations of the original Latin texts describing the sunspot records and provide the general context of these sunspot observations. From this source only, we present an estimate of the annual values of the Group Sunspot Number based only on the records that explicitly inform about the presence or absence of sunspots. Although we obtain very low values of the Group Sunspot Number, in accordance with a grand minimum of solar activity, these values are significantly higher in general than the values provided by Hoyt and Schatten (1998) for the same period.
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