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arXiv 2102.07705math.CO
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避免单色子图的有向可平面图的着色

Colorings of oriented planar graphs avoiding a monochromatic subgraph

Helena Bergold, Winfried Hochstättler, Raphael Steiner

摘要:

对于固定的简单有向图$F$和给定的简单有向图$D$,$D$的无$F$ $k$染色是其中$D$中没有$F$的诱导拷贝是单色的顶点染色.本文研究了对于固定的$F$和$k$,判定给定的简单有向图是否允许$F$ -free $k$ -染色的复杂性.我们的主要重点是限制的问题,平面输入有向图,它是唯一有趣的研究情况$k \in \{2,3\}$。由已知的结果可知,对于每个其基础图不是森林的固定有向图$F$,每个平面有向图$D$允许一个$F$ -free $2$ -染色;对于每个具有$Δ(F) \ge 3$的固定有向图$F$,每个定向平面图$D$允许一个$F$ -free $3$ -染色.相反,我们表明,如果$F$是一个方向的路径的长度至少$2$,那么它是NP-难决定是否一个非循环和平面输入有向图$D$承认$F$ -免费$2$ -染色。- 如果$F$是一条长度至少为$1$路的方向,则判定一个无圈平面输入有向图$D$是否允许$F$ -自由$3$ -染色是NP-困难的。

英文摘要:

For a fixed simple digraph $F$ and a given simple digraph $D$, an $F$-free $k$-coloring of $D$ is a vertex-coloring in which no induced copy of $F$ in $D$ is monochromatic. We study the complexity of deciding for fixed $F$ and $k$ whether a given simple digraph admits an $F$-free $k$-coloring. Our main focus is on the restriction of the problem to planar input digraphs, where it is only interesting to study the cases $k \in \{2,3\}$. From known results it follows that for every fixed digraph $F$ whose underlying graph is not a forest, every planar digraph $D$ admits an $F$-free $2$-coloring, and that for every fixed digraph $F$ with $Δ(F) \ge 3$, every oriented planar graph $D$ admits an $F$-free $3$-coloring. We show in contrast, that - if $F$ is an orientation of a path of length at least $2$, then it is NP-hard to decide whether an acyclic and planar input digraph $D$ admits an $F$-free $2$-coloring. - if $F$ is an orientation of a path of length at least $1$, then it is NP-hard to decide whether an acyclic and planar input digraph $D$ admits an $F$-free $3$-coloring.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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