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arXiv 2102.00907hep-thcond-mat.mes-hallmath-phmath.MP
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纯规自旋轨道耦合

Pure Gauge Spin-Orbit Couplings

M. S. Shikakhwa

摘要:

利用非阿贝尔规范场理论研究了具有一般线性自旋轨道相互作用(SOI)的平面非阿贝尔纯规范场系统.一类特殊的领域,虽然$2\times2$矩阵,阿贝尔被认为是出现和他们的一般形式。结果表明,在测量这些场的幺正变换的同时,引起了波函数绕固定轴的旋转,但旋转角度与空间有关,这两个旋转都是SOI的特征.实验上重要的等强度Rashba和Dresselhaus SOI(R+D SOI)的情况被证明属于这一类特殊的阿贝尔规范场,和持久自旋阻碍(PSH)的现象,出现在这后一个SOI在一个平面中的存在下,显示出自然适合的一般形式主义的发展。一般形式主义也扩展到一个粒子被限制在一个环的情况下。结果表明,在等强度R+D SOI存在下,环上的哈密顿量幺正等价于只受自旋无关但$θ$相关势支配的粒子的哈密顿量,而将两者联系起来的幺正变换又是R+D SOI的空间相关旋转算符特征.

英文摘要:

Planar systems with a general linear spin-orbit interaction (SOI) that can be cast in the form of a non-Abelian pure gauge field are investigated using the language of non-Abelian gauge field theory. A special class of these fields that, though a $2\times2$ matrix, are Abelian are seen to emerge and their general form is given. It is shown that the unitary transformation that gauges away these fields induces at the same time a rotation on the wavefunction about a fixed axis but with a space-dependent angle, both of which being characteristics of the SOI involved.The experimentally important case of equal-strength Rashba and Dresselhaus SOI (R+D SOI) is shown to fall within this special class of Abelian gauge fields, and the phenomenon of Persistent Spin Helix (PSH) that emerges in the presence of this latter SOI in a plane is shown to fit naturally within the general formalism developed. The general formalism is also extended to the case of a particle confined to a ring. It is shown that the Hamiltonian on a ring in the presence of equal-strength R+D SOI is unitarily equivalent to that of a particle subject to only a spin-independent but $θ$-dependent potential with the unitary transformation relating the two being again the space-dependent rotation operator characteristic of R+D SOI.

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