arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 2101.04161cond-mat.soft
收藏

近稳定均匀颗粒流的声发射:流动动力学和速度波动的代用指标

Acoustic emissions of nearly steady and uniform granular flows: a proxy for flow dynamics and velocity fluctuations

Vincent Bachelet, Anne Mangeney, Renaud Toussaint, Julien DeRosny, Maxime Farin, Clément Hibert

摘要:

在颗粒流期间发射的地震波由不同的源产生:颗粒间冲击产生的高频和全球运动和大尺度变形产生的低频。为了揭示这些不同的机制,对干准定常颗粒流发射的地震波进行了实验研究。使用冲击加速度计记录发射的地震波,并使用快速相机捕获流动动态。分析了颗粒冲击的力学特性,以及冲击之间的持续时间和颗粒运动的相关性。高频地震波(1-50 kHz)被发现起源于颗粒冲击和波被困在流动层。低频波(20-60 Hz)由颗粒沿着其轨迹的振荡产生,即由剪切期间的膨胀/压缩循环产生。颗粒温度(即颗粒速度波动的平方)和平均速度的轮廓进行了测量,并与流的平均特性以及倾斜角和流的厚度。这些配置文件,然后在一个简单的稳定颗粒流模型预测辐射地震能量和能量效率,即流动势能转换为地震能量的分数。导出了与地震功率、剪切应变率和惯性数有关的标度律。特别地,发射的地震功率与颗粒温度成正比,颗粒温度也与平均流速有关。

英文摘要:

The seismic waves emitted during granular flows are generated by different sources: high frequencies by inter-particle shocks and low frequencies by global motion and large scale deformation. To unravel these different mechanisms, an experimental study has been performed on the seismic waves emitted by dry quasi steady granular flows. The emitted seismic waves were recorded using shock accelerometers and the flow dynamics were captured with a fast camera. The mechanical characteristics of the particle shocks were analyzed, along with the duration between shocks and the correlations in the particle motion. The high-frequency seismic waves (1-50 kHz) were found to originate from particle shocks and waves trapped in the flowing layer. The low-frequency waves (20-60 Hz) were generated by the oscillations of the particles along their trajectories, i.e. from cycles of dilation/compression during the shear. The profiles of granular temperature (i.e. the square of particle velocity fluctuations) and average velocity were measured and related to the average properties of the flow as well as to the slope angle and flow thickness. These profiles were then used in a simple steady granular flow model to predict the radiated seismic energy and the energetic efficiency, i.e. the fraction of the flow potential energy converted to seismic energy. Scaling laws relating the seismic power, the shear strain rate and the inertial number were derived. In particular, the emitted seismic power is proportional to the granular temperature, which is also related to the mean flow velocity.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑