雪崩可以增加颗粒断层中的储存能量
Avalanches can increase stored energy in a granular fault
- Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière（里昂第一大学-法国国家科学研究中心，光与物质研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本文通过同步测量发现，颗粒断层中的雪崩可同时导致膨胀和弹性储能增加，表明雪崩能将应力重分布至更高载荷构型，对断层物理有重要意义。
AI中文摘要：
缓慢剪切的颗粒材料通常在突然失效释放能量并压实材料之间储存机械能并发生膨胀。本文通过对扭矩、层厚、声发射和光弹性力网络的同步测量，揭示了压缩颗粒断层中能量释放或储存与收缩或膨胀的所有四种组合。最引人注目的是，一些雪崩既使层膨胀，又增加了传递到阻力边界的弹性能量。这些事件重组了剪切带之外的力链，并产生独特的声学响应。结果表明，雪崩不必使受驱动的无序材料松弛；相反，它可以将应力重新分布到更高载荷的构型中，这一机制对实验室和自然断层的物理学具有潜在相关性。
英文摘要：
Slowly sheared granular materials generally store mechanical energy and dilate between abrupt failures that release energy and compact the material. Here, simultaneous measurements of torque, layer thickness, acoustic emission, and photoelastic force networks reveal all four combinations of energy release or storage with contraction or dilation in a compressed granular fault. Most strikingly, some avalanches both dilate the layer and increase the elastic energy transmitted to the resisting boundary. These events reorganize force chains beyond the shear band and produce a distinct acoustic response. The results show that an avalanche need not relax a driven disordered material; it can instead redistribute stress into a more highly loaded configuration, a mechanism with potential relevance to the physics of both laboratory and natural faults.
