We consider the flat flow approach for the mean curvature equation with forcing in an Euclidean space $\mathbb R^n$ of dimension at least 2. Our main results states that tangential balls in $\mathbb R^n$ under any flat flow with a bounded forcing term will experience fattening, which generalizes the result by Fusco, Julin and Morini from the planar case to higher dimensions. Then, as in the planar case, we are able to characterize stationary sets in $\mathbb R^n$ for a constant forcing term as finite unions of equisized balls with mutually positive distance.
We consider the flat flow solutions of the mean curvature equation with a forcing term in the plane. We prove that for every constant forcing term the stationary sets are given by a finite union of disks with equal radii and disjoint closures. On the other hand for every bounded forcing term tangent disks are never stationary. Finally in the case of an asymptotically constant forcing term we show that the only possible long time limit sets are given by disjoint unions of disks with equal radii and possibly tangent.
We consider the long-time behavior of the mean curvature flow in heterogeneous media with periodic fibrations, modeled as an additive driving force. Under appropriate assumptions on the forcing term, we show existence of generalized traveling waves with maximal speed of propagation, and we prove the convergence of solutions to the forced mean curvature flow to these generalized waves.
We consider the forced mean curvature flow in 2-d, finite range of dependence and positive random forcing. We prove flatness and existence of effective speed for initially flat propagating fronts. This is the analogue, in random media, of a result of Caffarelli and Monneau. The main new tools are a large scale Lipschitz estimate for the arrival time function, and a quantitative uniqueness result which does not use uniform local regularity.
This paper investigates geometric properties and well-posedness of a mean curvature flow with volume-dependent forcing. With the class of forcing which bounds the volume of the evolving set away from zero and infinity, we show that a strong version of star-shapedness is preserved over time. More precisely, it is shown that the flow preserves the $ρ$-reflection property, which corresponds to a quantitative Lipschitz property of the set with respect to the nearest ball. Based on this property we show that the problem is well-posed and its solutions starting with $ρ$-reflection property become in…
We study the mean curvature flow with given non-smooth transport term and forcing term, in suitable Sobolev spaces. We prove the global existence of the weak solutions for the mean curvature flow with the terms, by using the modified Allen-Cahn equation that holds useful properties such as the monotonicity formula.
In this paper, we prove long time existence and convergence results for a class of general curvature flows with Neumann boundary condition. This is the first result for the Neumann boundary problem of non Monge-Ampere type curvature equations. Our method also works for the corresponding elliptic setting.
We show the existence of non-unique stationary weak solutions for forced surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equation via a convex integration scheme. The scheme is implemented for the sum-difference system of two distinct solutions. Through this scheme, one observes the external forcing is naturally generated accompanying the flexibility in means of lack of uniqueness. It thus provides a transparent way to reveal the flexibility of the system with the presence of a forcing.
In this paper, we investigate the large time behavior of interfaces moving with motion law $V = -κ+ g(x)$, where $g$ is positive, Lipschitz and $\mathbb{Z}^n$-periodic. It turns out that the behavior of the interface can be characterized by its head and tail speed, which depends continuously on its overall direction of propagation $ν$. If head speed equals tail speed at a given direction $ν$, the interface has a unique large-scale speed in that direction. In general the interface develops linearly growing "long fingers" in the direction where the equality breaks down. We discuss these results …
We prove exponential convergence to the stationary measure for a class of 1d Lagrangian systems with random forcing in the space-periodic setting: $$ ϕ_t+ϕ_x^2/2=F^ω, x \in S^1 = \mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}. $$ This confirms a part of a conjecture formulated in [9]. Our result is a consequence (and the natural stochastic PDE counterpart) of the results obtained in [5, 7]. It is also the natural analogue of the deterministic result [11] which holds in a generic setting.
In this paper, we consider the mean curvature flow of convex hypersurfaces in Euclidean spaces with a general forcing term. We show that the flow may shrink to a point in finite time if the forcing term is small, or exist for all times and expand to infinity if the forcing term is large enough. The flow can also converge to a round sphere for some special forcing term and initial hypersurface. Furthermore, the normalization of the flow is carried out so that long time existence and convergence of the rescaled flow are studied. Our work extends Huisken's well-known mean curvature flow and McCoy…
We are concerned with the long time behavior of the stochastic Navier--Stokes system for compressible fluids in dimension two and three. In this setting, the part of the phase space occupied by the solution depends sensitively on the choice of the initial state. Our main results are threefold. (i) The kinetic energy of a solution is universally and asymptotically bounded, independent of the initial datum. (ii) Time shifts of a solution with initially controlled energy are asymptotically compact and generate an entire solution defined for all $t\in R$. (iii) Every solution with initially contro…
In Lipschitz two and three dimensional domains, we study the existence for the so--called Boussinesq model of thermally driven convection under singular forcing. By singular we mean that the heat source is allowed to belong to $H^{-1}(\varpi,Ω)$, where $\varpi$ is a weight in the Muckenhoupt class $A_2$ that is regular near the boundary. We propose a finite element scheme and, under the assumption that the domain is convex and $\varpi^{-1} \in A_1$, show its convergence. In the case that the thermal diffusion and viscosity are constants, we propose an a posteriori error estimator and show its …
We consider the evolution by crystalline curvature of a planar set in a stratified medium, modeled by a periodic forcing term. We characterize the limit evolution law as the period of the oscillations tends to zero. Even if the model is very simple, the limit evolution problem is quite rich, and we discuss some properties such as uniqueness, comparison principle and pinning/depinning phenomena.
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in geometric evolution in heterogeneous media. Here we consider curvature driven fows of planar curves, with an additional space-dependent forcing term. Motivated by a homogenization problem, we look for estimates which depend only on the uniform norm of the forcing term. By means of an asymptotic analysis, we discuss the properties of the limit solutions of the homogenization problem, which we can rigorously solve in some special cases: that is, when the initial curve is a graph, and the forcing term does not depend on the vertical direction.…
Here, we study a level-set forced mean curvature flow with the homogeneous Neumann boundary condition. We first show that the solution is Lipschitz in time and locally Lipschitz in space. Then, under an additional condition on the forcing term, we prove that the solution is globally Lipschitz. We obtain the large time behavior of the solution in this setting and study the large time profile in some specific situations. Finally, we give two examples demonstrating that the additional condition on the forcing term is sharp, and without it, the solution might not be globally Lipschitz.
We consider the obstacle problem of the weak solution for the mean curvature flow, in the sense of Brakke's mean curvature flow. We prove the global existence of the weak solution with obstacles which have $C^{1,1}$ boundaries, in two and three space dimensions. To obtain the weak solution, we use the Allen-Cahn equation with forcing term.
In this paper, we study the forced mean curvature flows and the prescribed mean curvature equations of both graphs and level-sets with capillary-type boundary conditions on a $C^3$ bounded domain, which is not necessarily convex. We prove a priori gradient estimates locally Lipschitz in time. Under an assumption on the forcing term, we prove that the gradient estimates are globally Lipschitz in time. As a consequence, we obtain the existence theorem of solutions. In our formulation, we recover the known results of the gradient estimates on a strictly convex $C^3$ bounded domain. Next, we study…
We address the question of existence of nonconstant stable stationary solution to the heat equation on a class of convex domains subject to nonlinear boundary flux involving a positive parameter. Such solutions which were known to exist in dumbbell-type domains and not to exist in $N$-dimensional balls are shown to exist in some convex domains obtained by smoothing out, in a convenient way, the edges and corners of a cube. Therefore convexity of the domain is not a necessary condition for nonexistence of this type of solutions. If the parameter is small enough we prove that the only equilibria…
We first give a complete linearized stability analysis around stationary solutions of the Mullins-Sekerka flow with $90^\circ$ contact angle in two space dimensions. The stationary solutions include flat interfaces, as well as arcs of circles. We investigate the different stability behaviour in dependence of properties of the stationary solution, such as its curvature and length, as well as the curvature of the boundary of the domain at the two contact points. We show that the behaviour changes in terms of these parameters, ranging from exponential stability to instability. We also give a firs…
For a sequence of immersed connected closed Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian submaniolds in $\mathbb{C}^{n}$ with uniform bounds on their volumes and the total extrinsic curvatures, we prove that a subsequence converges either to a point or to a Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian $n$-varifold locally uniformly in $C^{k}$ for any nonnegative integer $k$ away from a finite set of points, and the limit is Hamiltonian stationary in ${\mathbb{C}}^{n}$. We also obtain a theorem on extending Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian submanifolds $L$ across a compact set $N$ of Hausdorff codimension at least …
Lagrangian submanifolds of a Kaehler manifold are called Hamiltonian-stationary (or $H$-stationary for short) if it is a critical point of the area functional restricted to compactly supported Hamiltonian variations. In [B. Y. Chen, F. Dillen, L. Verstraelen and L. Vrancken, Lagrangian isometric immersions of a real-space-form $M^{n}(c)$ into a complex-space-form $\tilde{M}^{n}(4c)$, Math. Proc. Cambridge Philo. Soc. 124 (1998), 107-125], an effective method to constructing Lagrangian submanifolds of constant curvature $\varepsilon$ in complex space form $M^n(4\varepsilon)$ was introduced. In …
In this paper we consider a class of weighted-volume preserving curvature flows acting on hypersurfaces that are trapped within two parallel hyperplanes and satisfy an orthogonal boundary condition. In the author's thesis the stability of cylinders under the flows was considered; it was found that they are stable provided the radius satisfies a certain condition. Here we consider flows where there is a critical radius such that the cylinders are only stable on one side of the critical value, and the weight function is a linear combination of the elementary symmetric functions, the reason for s…
Center manifold analysis can be used in order to investigate the stability of the stationary solutions of various PDEs. This can be done by considering the PDE as an ODE between certain Banach spaces and linearising about the stationary solution. Here we investigate the volume preserving mean curvature flow using such a technique. We will consider surfaces with boundary contained within two parallel planes such that the surface meets these planes orthogonally. With this set up the stationary solution is a cylinder. We will find that for initial surfaces that are sufficiently close to a cylinde…
In [LW], we construct examples of two-dimensional Hamiltonian stationary self-shrinkers and self-expanders for Lagrangian mean curvature flows, which are asymptotic to the union of two Schoen-Wolfson cones. These self-shrinkers and self-expanders can be glued together to yield solutions of the Brakke flow - a weak formulation of the mean curvature flow. Moreover, there is no mass loss along the Brakke flow. In this paper, we generalize these results to higher dimension. We construct new higher dimensional Hamiltonian stationary cones of different topology as generalizations of the Schoen-Wolfs…
In this paper we prove a positive energy theorem related to fourth-order gravitational theories, which is a higher-order analogue of the classical ADM positive energy theorem of general relativity. We will also show that, in parallel to the corresponding situation in general relativity, this result intersects several important problems in geometric analysis. For instance, it underlies positive mass theorems associated to the Paneitz operator, playing a similar role in the positive $Q$-curvature conformal prescription problem as the Schoen-Yau positive energy theorem does for the Yamabe problem…
