Lehmer's 1947 conjecture on whether $τ(n)$ vanishes is still unresolved. In this context, it is natural to consider variants of Lehmer's conjecture. We determine many integers that cannot be values of $τ(n)$. For example, among the odd numbers $α$ such that $|α|<99$, we determine that $$τ(n) \notin \{-9, \pm 15, \pm 21, -25, -27, -33, \pm 35, \pm 45, \pm 49, -55, \pm 63, \pm 77, -81, \pm 91 \}.$$ Moreover, under GRH, we have that $τ(n) \neq -|α|$ and that $τ(n) \notin \{9,25,27,39,$ $75,81\}.$ We also consider the level 1 Hecke eigenforms in dimension 1 spaces of cusp forms. For example, for $ΔE_4 = \sum_{n = 1}^{\infty} τ_{16}(n)q^n$, we show that \begin{align*}τ_{16}(n) \notin &\{\pm \ell: 1\leq \ell \leq 99, \ell \text{ is odd}, \ell \neq 33,55,59,67,73,83,89,91\} \\ & \quad \quad \quad \quad \quad \cup \{-33,-55,-59,-67,-89,-91\}.\end{align*} Furthermore, we implement congruences given by Swinnerton-Dyer to rule out additional large primes which divide numerators of specific Bernoulli numbers. To obtain these results, we make use of the theory of Lucas sequences, methods for solving high degree Thue equations, Barros' algorithm for solving hyperelliptic equations, and the theory of continued fractions.
We investigate when the product of two Hecke eigenforms for Γ_1(N) is again a Hecke eigenform. In this paper we prove that the product of two normalized eigenforms for Γ_1(N), of weight greater than 1, is an eigenform only 61 times, and give a complete list. Duke [Duk99] and Ghate [Gha00] independently proved that with eigenforms for SL_2(Z), there are only 16 such product identities. Ghate [Gha02] also proved related results for Γ_1(N), with N square free. Emmons [Emm05] proved results for eigenforms away from the level, for prime level. The methods we use are elementary and effective, and do…
Systematic choice of the Hecke eigenforms of half-integral weight is an interesting problem in the theory of modular forms. In this paper, we find all Dedekind-eta products of half-integral weight which are Hecke eigenforms up to weight 15/2 with varying levels. Proof is based on the Shimura lift.
We prove sub-convex bounds on the fourth moment of Hecke-Laplace eigenforms on $S^3$. As a corollary, we get a bound on the sup-norm on an individual eigenform, which constitutes an improvement over what is achievable through employing the Iwaniec-Sarnak amplifier.
We show that the image of repeated differentiation on weak cusp forms is precisely the subspace which is orthogonal to the space of weakly holomorphic modular forms. This gives a new interpretation of the weakly holomorphic Hecke eigenforms.
Cusp forms for the full modular group can be written as linear combination of double Eisenstein series introduced by Gangl, Kaneko and Zagier. We give an explicit formula for decomposing a Hecke eigenform into double Eisenstein series.
Shifted convolution sums play a prominent rôle in analytic number theory. We investigate pointwise bounds, mean-square bounds, and average bounds for shifted convolution sums for Hecke eigenforms.
We prove that, for fixed tame level (N,p) = 1, there are only finitely many Hecke eigenforms f of level Gamma_1(N) and even weight with a_p(f) = 0 which are not CM.
We obtain a closed form polynomial expression for certain coefficients of Drinfeld-Goss double-cuspidal modular forms which are eigenforms for the degree one Hecke operators with power eigenvalues, and we use those formulas to prove vanishing results for an infinite family of those coefficients.
Let F(z) be a newform of weight 2k and level one with a trivial character, and assume that F(z) is a non-zero eigenform of all Hecke operators. In this paper, we study nonvanishing for central values of twisted modular L-function of F.
In this article, we distinguish Siegel cuspidal eigenforms of degree two on the full symplectic group from the signs of their Hecke eigenvalues. To establish our theorem, we obtain a result towards simultaneous sign changes of eigenvalues of two Siegel eigenforms. In the course of the proof, we also prove that the Satake $p$-parameters of two different Siegel eigenforms are distinct for a set of primes $p$ of density 1. The main ingredient to prove the latter result is the theory of Galois representations attached to Siegel eigenforms.
We investigate the equidistribution of Hecke eigenforms on sets that are shrinking towards infinity. We show that at scales finer than the Planck scale they do not equidistribute while at scales more coarse than the Planck scale they equidistribute on a full density subsequence of eigenforms. On a suitable set of test functions we compute the variance showing interesting transition behavior at half the Planck scale.
We revisit a theorem of Ram Murty about the number of initial Fourier coefficients that two cuspidal eigenforms of different weights can have in common. We prove an explicit upper bound on this number, and give better conditional and unconditional asymptotic upper bounds. Finally, we describe a numerical experiment testing the sharpness of the upper bound in the case of forms of level one.
Let f be a modular form with complex multiplication. If f has critical slope, then Coleman's classicality theorem implies that there is a p-adic overconvergent generalized Hecke eigenform with the same Hecke eigenvalues as f. We give a formula for the Fourier coefficiets of this generalized Hecke eigenform. We also investigate the dimension of the generalized Hecke eigenspace of p-adic overconvergent forms containing f.
Let $f\in S_k(Γ_{0}(N))$ be a normalized Hecke eigenform of even integral weight $k$ and level $N$. Let $j\ge1$ be a positive integer. We prove that for almost all primes $p$, $p\nmid N$, and for all characters $χ_{0}=\pm 1\pmod N$, the sequence $\left(χ_{0}(p^{nj})a(p^{nj})\right)_{n\in\N}$ has infinitely many sign changes. We also obtain a similar result for the sequence $\left(a(p^{j(1+2n)})\right)_{n\in\N}$ when $j$ is odd.
In this paper, we study solutions to $h=af^2+bfg+g^2$, where $f,g,h$ are Hecke newforms with respect to $Γ_1(N)$ of weight $k>2$ and $a,b\neq 0$. We show that the number of solutions is finite for all $N$. Assuming Maeda's conjecture, we prove that the Petersson inner product $\langle f^2,g\rangle$ is nonzero, where $f$ and $g$ are any nonzero cusp eigenforms for $SL_2(\mathbb{Z})$ of weight $k$ and $2k$, respectively. As a corollary, we obtain that, assuming Maeda's conjecture, identities between cusp eigenforms for $SL_2(\mathbb{Z})$ of the form $X^2+\sum_{i=1}^n α_iY_i=0$ all are forced by …
Let $X$ be a Shimura curve of genus zero. In this paper, we first characterize the spaces of automorphic forms on $X$ in terms of Schwarzian differential equations. We then devise a method to compute Hecke operators on these spaces. An interesting by-product of our analysis is the evaluation $$_2F_1(1/24,7/24,5/6, -\frac{2^{10}\cdot3^3\cdot5}{11^4})=\sqrt6 \sqrt[6]{\frac{11}{5^5}} $$ and other similar identities.
We address some questions posed by Goss related to the modularity of Drinfeld modules of rank 1 defined over the field of rational functions in one variable with coefficients in a finite field. For each positive characteristic valued Dirichlet character, we introduce certain projection operators on spaces of Drinfeld modular forms with character of a given weight and type such that when applied to a Hecke eigenform return a Hecke eigenform whose eigensystem has been twisted by the given Dirichlet character. Unlike the classical case, however, the effect on Goss' $u$-expansions for these eigenf…
We prove a conjecture of Rudnick and Sarnak on the mass equidistribution of Hecke eigenforms. This builds upon independent work of the authors see arxiv.org:math/0809.1640 and arxiv.org:math/0809.1635.
It is shown that extremal $2$-modular lattices of ranks $32$ and $48$ are generated by their vectors of minimal norm. In the proof, we use certain properties of the difference of normalized Hecke eigenforms. We refer to them as the pseudo-normalized Hecke eigenform, the concept of which is introduced in this paper.
We prove that amongst all real quadratic fields and all spaces of Hilbert modular forms of full level and of weight $2$ or greater, the product of two Hecke eigenforms is not a Hecke eigenform except for finitely many real quadratic fields and finitely many weights. We show that for $\mathbb Q(\sqrt 5)$ there are exactly two such identities.
In this article, we give evidence that computing Fourier coefficients of the Hecke eigenforms for composite indices is no easier than factoring integers. In particular, we show that the existence of a polynomial time algorithm that, given n, computes the n-th Fourier coefficient of a (fixed) Hecke eigenform implies that we can factor most RSA moduli (numbers that are products of two distinct primes) in polynomial time.
We study the eigenforms of the action of A. Baker's Hecke operators on the holomorphic elliptic homology of various topological spaces. We prove a multiplicity one theorem (i.e., one-dimensionality of the space of these "topological Hecke eigenforms" for any given eigencharacter) for some classes of topological spaces, and we give examples of finite CW-complexes for which multiplicity one fails. We also develop some abstract "derived eigentheory" whose motivating examples arise from the failure of classical Hecke operators to commute with multiplication by various Eisenstein series. Part of th…
Let $F$ and $G$ be Siegel cusp forms for $\Sp_4(\Z)$ and weights $k_1, k_2$ respectively. Also let $F$ and $G$ be Hecke eigenforms lying in distinct eigen spaces. Further suppose that neither $F$ nor $G$ is a Saito-Kurokawa lift. In this article, we study simultaneous arithmetic behaviour of Hecke eigenvalues of these Hecke eigenforms.
We continue the study of strong, weak, and $dc$-weak eigenforms introduced by Chen, Kiming, and Wiese. We completely determine all systems of Hecke eigenvalues of level $1$ modulo $128$, showing there are finitely many. This extends results of Hatada and can be considered as evidence for the more general conjecture formulated by the author together with Kiming and Wiese on finiteness of systems of Hecke eigenvalues modulo prime powers at any fixed level. We also discuss the finiteness of systems of Hecke eigenvalues of level $1$ modulo $9$, reducing the question to the finiteness of a single e…
We complete the construction of the nonlift weight two cusp paramodular Hecke eigenforms for prime levels N<600, which arise in conformance with the paramodular conjecture of Brumer and Kramer.
Inspired by recent congruences by Andersen with varying powers of 2 in the modulus for partition related functions, we extend the modulo 32760 congruences of the first author for the function spt(n). We show that a normalized form of the generating function of spt(n) is an eigenform modulo 32 for the Hecke operators T(l^2) for primes l >= 5 with l congruent to 1, 11, 17, 19 (mod 24), and an eigenform modulo 16 for l congruent to? 13, 23 (mod 24).
For the anticyclotomic p-adic Rankin--Selberg L-function attached to a fixed Hecke eigenform and an imaginary quadratic field we introduce the second p-adic variable by considering Hida families of Hecke eigenforms parametrized by the weight.
We prove multiplicative relations between certain Fourier coefficients of degree 2 Siegel eigenforms. These relations are analogous to those for elliptic eigenforms. We also provide two sets of formulas for the eigenvalues of degree 2 Siegel eigenforms. The first evaluates the eigenvalues in terms of the form's Fourier coefficients, in the case $a(I) \neq 0$. The second expresses the eigenvalues of index $p$ and $p^2$, for $p$ prime, solely in terms of $p$ and $k$, the weight of the form, in the case $a(0)\neq 0$. From this latter case, we give simple expressions for the eigenvalues associated…
Let $f$ be a cuspidal Hecke eigenform of level 1. We prove the automorphy of the symmetric power lifting $\mathrm{Sym}^n f$ for every $n \geq 1$. We establish the same result for a more general class of cuspidal Hecke eigenforms, including all those associated to semistable elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$.
We consider the action of Hecke-type operators on Hilbert-Siegel theta series attached to lattices of even rank. We show that average Hilbert-Siegel theta series are eigenforms for these operators, and we explicitly compute the eigenvalues.
Given a pair of distinct non-CM normalized eigenforms having integer Fourier coefficients $a_1 (n)$ and $a_2(n)$, we count positive integers $n$ with $(a_1(n), a_2(n))=1$ and make a conjecture about the density of the set of primes $p$ for which $(a_1(p), a_2(p))=1$. We also study the average order of the number of prime divisors of $(a_1(p), a_2(p))$.
For each prime $p$, we determine the distribution of the $p^{th}$ Fourier coefficients of the Hecke eigenforms of large weight for the full modular group. As $p\to\infty$, this distribution tends to the Sato--Tate distribution.
We compute Hecke eigenform bases of spaces of level one, degree~three Siegel modular forms and 2-Euler factors of the eigenforms through weight 22. Our method uses the Fourier coefficients of Siegel Eisenstein series, which are fully known and computationally tractable by the work of H. Katsurada; we also use P. Garrett's decomposition of the pullback of the Eisenstein series through the Witt map. Our results support I. Miyawaki's conjectural lift, and they give examples of eigenforms that are congruence neighbors.
Suppose $E$ is an elliptic curve over $\mathbb{Q}$ of conductor $N$ with complex multiplication (CM) by $\mathbb{Q}(i)$, and $f_E$ is the corresponding cuspidal Hecke eigenform in $S^{\mathrm{new}}_2(Γ_0(N))$. Then $n$-th Fourier coefficient of $f_E$ is non-zero in the short interval $(X, X + cX^{\frac{1}{4}})$ for all $X \gg 0$ and for some $c > 0$. As a consequence, we produce infinitely many cuspidal CM eigenforms $f$ level $N>1$ and weight $k > 2$ for which $i_f(n) \ll n^{\frac{1}{4}}$ holds, for all $n \gg 0$.
