38 pages. New version: updated references. Our main theorem is now valid over any alg. closed field of char. 0. A section on movable classes was added, but the section on toric b-classes was removed to streamline the discussion
We prove that any nef b-divisor class on a projective variety defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 is a decreasing limit of nef Cartier classes. Building on this technical result, we construct an intersection theory of nef b-divisors, and prove several variants of the Hodge index theorem inspired by the work of Dinh and Sibony. We show that any big and basepoint free curve class is a power of a nef b-divisor, and relate this statement to Zariski decompositions of curves classes introduced by Lehmann and Xiao. Our construction allows us to relate various Banach spaces contained in the space of b-divisors which were defined in our previous work.5
We give a direct proof, valid in arbitrary characteristic, of nefness for two families of F-nef divisors on $\bar{M}_{0,n}$. The divisors we consider include all type A level one conformal block divisors as well as divisors previously not known to be nef.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective rationally connected threefold with nef anticanonical divisor. We give a classification for the case when $-K_X$ is not semi-ample.
We study lc pairs polarized by a nef and log big divisor. After proving the minimal model theory for projective lc pairs polarized by a nef and log big divisor, we prove the effectivity of the Iitaka fibrations and some boundedness results for dlt pairs polarized by a nef and log big divisor.
In this paper, we give a numerical characterization of nef arithmetic R-Cartier divisors of C^0-type on an arithmetic surface. Namely an arithmetic R-Cartier divisor D of C^0-type is nef if and only if D is pseudo-effective and deg(D^2) = vol(D).
We study the Iitaka-Kodaira dimension of nef relative anti-canonical divisors. As a consequence, we prove that given a complex projective variety with klt singularities, if the anti-canonical divisor is nef, then the dimension of a general fibre of the maximal rationally connected fibration is at least the Iitaka-Kodaira dimension of the anti-canonical divisor.
Let $X$ be a smooth complex projective rationally connected threefold with $-K_X$ nef and not semi-ample. In our previous work, we classified all such threefolds when $|{-}K_X|$ has no fixed divisor. In this paper, we continue our classification when $|{-}K_X|$ has a non-zero fixed divisor.
In this paper, we classify projective toric birational morphisms from Gorenstein toric 3-folds onto the 3-dimensional affine space with relatively ample anti-canonical divisors.
Under some conditions on the deformation type, which we expect to be satisfied for arbitrary irreducible symplectic varieties, we describe which big and nef line bundles on irreducible symplectic varieties have base divisors. In particular, we show that such base divisors are always irreducible and reduced. This is applied to understand the behaviour of divisorial base components of big and nef line bundles under deformations and for K3$^{[n]}$-type and Kum$^n$-type.
We show that $sl_2$ conformal block divisors do not cover the nef cone of $\bar{M}_{0,6}$, or the $S_9$-invariant nef cone of $\bar{M}_{0,9}$. A key point is to relate the nonvanishing of intersection numbers between these divisors and F-curves to the nonemptiness of some explicitly defined polytopes. Several experimental results and some open problems are also included.
In this paper, we study the structure of projective space bundles whose relative anti-canonical line bundle is nef. As an application, we get a characterization of abelian varieties up to finite etale covering.
In this paper, we use canonical bundle formulas to prove some generalizations of an old theorem of Kawamata on the semiampleness of nef and abundant log canonical divisors. In particular, we show that for klt pairs $(X,B)$ with $K_X+B$ effective, $L \in Pic (X)$ nef, nefness and abundance of $K_X+B+L$ implies semiampleness. This essentially generalizes Kawamata's theorem to the setting of generalized abundance.
In this paper we study smooth projective rational surfaces, defined over an algebraically closed field of any characteristic, with pseudo-effective anticanonical divisor. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition in order for any nef divisor to be semiample. We adopt our criterion to investigate Mori dream surfaces in the complex case.
We give a criterion for a nef divisor $D$ to be semiample on a Calabi--Yau threefold $X$ when $D^3=0=c_2(X)\cdot D$ and $c_3(X)\neq 0$. As a direct consequence, we show that on such a variety $X$, if $D$ is strictly nef and $ν(D)\neq 1$, then $D$ is ample; we also show that if there exists a nef non-ample divisor $D$ with $D\not\equiv 0$, then $X$ contains a rational curve when its topological Euler characteristic is not $0$.
A characterization of nef and good divisors is given: a divisor D on a smooth complex projective variety is nef and good if and only if the asymptotic multiplier ideals of sufficiently high multiples of e(D) D$ are trivial, where e(D) denotes the exponent of the divisor D. Some results of the same kind are proved in the analytic setting.
Let $X$ be a normal projective threefold with mild singularities, and $L_X$ a strictly nef $\mathbb{Q}$-divisor on $X$. First, we show the ampleness of $K_X+tL_X$ with sufficiently large $t$ if either the Kodaira dimension $κ(X)\neq 0$ or the augmented irregularity $q^{\circ}(X)\neq 0$. Second, we show that, if $(X,Δ)$ is a projective klt threefold pair with the anti-log canonical divisor $-(K_X+Δ)$ being strictly nef, then $X$ is rationally connected.
Any ample Cartier divisor D on a projective variety X is strictly nef (i.e. D.C>0 for any effective curve C on X). In general, the converse statement does not hold. But this is conjectured to be true for anticanonical divisors. The present paper establishes this fact for normal complex projective threefolds with canonical singularities. This result extends several previously known special cases. The proof rests mainly on sophisticated techniques of three dimensional birational geometry developed in the last two decades.
Serrrano's Conjecture says that if $L$ is a strictly nef line bundle on a smooth projective variety $X$, then $K_X+tL$ is ample for $ t > dim X+1$. In this paper I will prove a few cases of this conjecture. I will also prove a generalized version of this conjecture (due to Campana, Chen and Peternell) for surfaces. In the last section, assuming the SHGH conjecture, I will give a series of examples of strictly nef non ample divisors on surfaces of arbitary Kodaira dimension.
To a generically big adelic divisor, we can associate an arithmetic Okounkov body, which is a pair of the geometric Okounkov body and the concave transform of the Green functions. In this paper, we show that the infimum of the concave transform is given by the absolute minimum provided that the divisor is vertically nef. This is a partial generalization of results of Moriwaki (in the curve case) and of Burgos Gil-Moriwaki-Philippon-Sombra (in the toric case).
On a projective surface it is well-known that the set of curves orthogonal to a nef line bundle is either finite or uncountable. We show that this dichotomy fails in higher dimension by constructing a nef line bundle on a threefold which is trivial on countably infinitely many curves. This answers a question of Totaro. As a pleasant corollary, we exhibit a quasi-projective variety with only a countably infinite set of complete, positive-dimensional subvarieties.
Let $X$ be a projective manifold of dimension $n$ and $L$ a strictly nef line bundle on $X$. Then $K_X+tL$ is ample if $t > n+1$ in the following cases. 1.) $\text{dim} X = 3$ unless (possibly) $X$ is a Calabi-Yau with $c_2 \cdot L=0$; 2.) $κ(X) \ge n-2$; 3.) $\text{dim} α(X) \ge n-2$, with $α: X \to A$ the Albanese map.
We reduce the Abundance Conjecture in dimension 4 to the following numerical statement: if the canonical divisor K is nef and has maximal nef dimension, then K is big. From this point of view, we ``classify'' in dimension 2 nef divisors which have maximal nef dimension, but which are not big.
We show that a nef and big line bundle whose adjoint bundle has non-zero global sections on a nonsingular toric weak Fano 3-fold is normally generated. As a consequence, we see that all ample line bundles on a nonsingular toric weak Fano 3-fold are normally generated. We also show that an ample line bundle whose adjoint bundle has non-zero global sections on a Gorensein toric Fano 3-fold is normally generated. In our proof we do not use full classifications of Fano polytopes.
Let M_g be the moduli space of smooth curves of genus g >= 3, and \bar{M}_g the Deligne-Mumford compactification in terms of stable curves. Let \bar{M}_g^{[1]} be an open set of \bar{M}_g consisting of stable curves of genus g with one node at most. In this paper, we determine the necessary and sufficient condition to guarantee that a Q-divisor D on \bar{M}_g is nef over \bar{M}_g^{[1]}, that is, (D . C) >= 0 for all irreducible curves C on \bar{M}_g with C \cap \bar{M}_g^{[1]} \not= \emptyset.
We show that the tangent bundle of a projective manifold with nef anticanonical class is generically nef. That is, its restriction to a curve cut out by general sufficiently ample divisors is a nef vector bundle. This confirms a conjecture of Peternell. As a consequence, the second Chern class of such a manifold has non-negative intersections with ample divisors. We also investigate under which conditions these positivities are strict, and answer a question of Yau.
We prove that generic complete intersections associated to multiple mirror nef-partitions are all birational. This result solves a conjecture by Batyrev and Nill under some mild assumptions.
We introduce and study the GIT CONE of $\bar{M}_{0,n}$, which is generated by the pullbacks of the natural ample line bundles on the GIT quotients $(\mathbb P^1)^n//SL(2)$. We give an explicit formula for these line bundles and prove a number of basic results about the GIT cone. As one application, we prove unconditionally that the log canonical models of $\bar{M}_{0,n}$ with a symmetric boundary divisor coincide with the moduli spaces of weighted curves or with the symmetric GIT quotient, extending the result of Matt Simpson arXiv:0709.4037. (Cf. also a different proof by Fedorchuk and Smyth …
We generalize the intersection theory of nef toric (Weil) b-divisors on smooth and complete toric varieties to the case of smooth and complete toroidal embeddings. As a key ingredient we show the existence of a limit measure, supported on the weakly embedded rational conical polyhedral space attached to the toroidal embedding, which arises as a limit of discrete measures defined via tropical intersection theory on the polyhedral space. We prove that the intersection theory of nef toroidal Cartier b-divisors can be extended continuously to nef toroidal Weil b-divisors and that their degree can …
We give another alternative proof to the Kawamata semiampleness theorem for the log canonical divisors on klt varieties which are nef and abundant. After the first version of this article was posted to the e-print Arxiv, Prof. Fujino notified the author that the quick and essential proof ([Fujino. On Kawamata's theorem.(EMS 2011), Rem 2.7]) is already known. The author would like to thank him. More precisely, Prof. Fujino already gave the quick and essential proof ([Fujino. On Kawamata's thm.(EMS 2011), Rem 2.7], [Fujino. Finite generation of the lc ring in dim 4. (Kyoto J. Math. 50 (2010)), R…
We prove that a smooth well formed Fano weighted complete intersection of codimension 2 has a nef partition. We discuss applications of this fact to Mirror Symmetry. In particular we list all nef partitions for smooth well formed Fano weighted complete intersections of dimensions 4 and 5 and present weak Landau--Ginzburg models for them.
Automorphism groups and Homogeneous fibrations on projective varieties with nef anticanonical divisors
Department of Mathematics, Southern University of Science and Technology（南方科技大学数学系）；Department of Mathematical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University（西交利物浦大学数学科学系）
In [BM14b], the first author and Macrì constructed a family of nef divisors on any moduli space of Bridgeland-stable objects on a smooth projective variety X. In this article, we extend this construction to the setting of any separated scheme Y of finite type over a field, where we consider moduli spaces of Bridgeland-stable objects on Y with compact support. We also show that the nef divisor is compatible with the polarising ample line bundle coming from the GIT construction of the moduli space in the special case when Y admits a tilting bundle and the stability condition arises from a θ-stab…
Boucksom, Favre and Jonsson establish in [4] an analog of Diskant's inequality in convex geometry for nef and big line bundles on a complete algebraic variety over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero (Theorem F [4]), from which they deduce a solution (Theorem D [4]) to a problem of Teissier (Problem B [29]) on proportionality of nef divisors. In this paper we extend these results to a complete variety over an arbitrary field k.
Let $(X, ω)$ be an n-dimensional compact Kähler manifold. Let $D=\sum (1-β_j) Y_j=\sum (1-β_j) [s_j=0]$ a divisor with simple normal crossings with $β_j \in ]0,1[$ such that $-(K_X+D)$ is nef. We show that its Albanese map is submersion outside an analytic set of codimension larger than two with connected fibres.
In these notes we investigate the cone of nef curves of projective varieties, which is the dual cone to the cone of pseudo-effective divisors. We prove a structure theorem for the cone of nef curves of projective $\mathbb Q$-factorial klt pairs of arbitrary dimension from the point of view of the Minimal Model Program. This is a generalization of Batyrev's structure theorem for the cone of nef curves of projective terminal threefolds.
We show that the augmented base locus coincides with the exceptional locus (i.e. null locus) for any nef $\mathbb{R}$-Cartier divisor on any scheme projective over a field (of any characteristic). Next we prove a semi-ampleness criterion in terms of the augmented base locus generalizing a result of Keel. We also study nef divisors with positive top intersection number, and discuss some problems related to augmented base loci of log divisors.
We show that nef cycle classes on smooth complete spherical varieties are effective, and the products of nef cycle classes are also nef. Let X be a smooth projective spherical variety such that its effective cycle classes of codimension k are nef, where 1<= k <= dim(X)-1. We study the properties of X. And we show that if X is a toric variety, then X is isomorphic to the product of some projective spaces; if X is toroidal, then X is isomorphic to a rational homogeneous space; if X is horospherical, dim(X)>= 3 and k=2, then effective divisors on X are nef; if X is horospherical and effective div…
In this paper, we prove that given a flat generically smooth morphism between smooth projective varieties with $F$-pure closed fibers, if the source space is Fano, weak Fano or a variety with the nef anti-canonical divisor, then so is the target space. We also show that relative anti-canonical divisors of generically smooth surjective nonconstant morphisms are not nef and big in arbitrary characteristic.
The goal of this work is to study positivity of subvarieties with nef normal bundle in the sense of intersection theory. After Ottem's work on ample subschemes, we introduce the notion of a nef subscheme, which generalizes the notion of a subvariety with nef normal bundle. We show that restriction of a pseudoeffective (resp. big) divisor to a nef subvariety is pseudoeffective (resp. big). We also show that ampleness and nefness are transitive properties. We define the weakly movable cone as the cone generated by the pushforward of cycle classes of nef subvarieties via proper surjective maps. T…
Let $X$ be a complete algebraic variety over {\bf C}. We consider a log variety $(X,Δ)$ that is weakly Kawamata log terminal. We assume that $K_X+Δ$ is a {\bf Q}-Cartier {\bf Q}-divisor and that every irreducible component of $\lfloor Δ\rfloor$ is {\bf Q}-Cartier. A nef and big Cartier divisor $H$ on $X$ is called {\it nef and log big} on $(X,Δ)$ if $H |_B$ is nef and big for every center $B$ of non-"Kawamata log terminal" singularities for $(X,Δ)$. We prove that, if $L$ is a nef Cartier divisor such that $aL-(K_X+Δ)$ is nef and log big on $(X,Δ)$ for some $a \in$ {\bf N}, then the complete li…
We prove that the non-nef locus and the restricted base locus of a pseudoeffective divisor coincide on KLT pairs. We also extend to KLT pairs F. Russo's characterization of nef and abundant divisors by means of asymptotic multiplier ideals.
Using currents with minimal singularities, we construct pointwise minimal multiplicities for a real pseudo-effective $(1,1)$-class $α$ on a compact complex $n$-fold $X$, which are the local obstructions to the numerical effectivity of $α$. The negative part of $α$ is then defined as the real effective divisor $N(α)$ whose multiplicity along a prime divisor $D$ is just the generic multiplicity of $α$ along $D$, and we get in that way a divisorial Zariski decomposition of $α$ into the sum of a class $Z(α)$ which is nef in codimension 1 and the class of its negative part $N(α)$, which is exceptio…
As a consequence of our recently established generalized Schmidt's subspace theorem for closed subschemes in general position, we prove a degeneracy theorem for integral points on the complement of a union of nef effective divisors. A novel aspect of our result is the attainment of a strong degeneracy conclusion (arithmetic quasi-hyperbolicity) under weak positivity assumptions on the divisors. The proof hinges on applying our recent theorem with a well-situated ample divisor realizing a certain lexicographical minimax. We also explore the connections with earlier work by other authors and mak…
We determine the cone of nef divisors on the Voronoi compactification A_g^* of the moduli space A_g of principally polarized abelian varieties of dimension g for genus g=2,3. As a corollary we obtain that the spaces A_g^*(n) with level-n structure are a minimal, resp. canonical, model for g=2, n>=4, resp. n>=5 and g=3, n>=3, resp. n>=4. We give two proofs: The easy and quick one reduces the problem to \bar M_g where we can use a result of Faber. This approach cannot be generalized to higher genus g. The main point of the paper is, therefore, to give a second proof using theta functions and a r…
