Normal surfaces with strictly nef anticanonical divisors

Threefolds with big and nef anticanonical bundles I

We start the classification of smooth projective threefolds X whose anticanonical bundles -K_X are big and nef but not ample. In this paper we treat the case b_2(X) = 2 and the morphism associated with the base point free linear system |-mK_X|, m>>0, is divisorial.

On the canonical threefolds with strictly nef anticanonical divisors

Any ample Cartier divisor D on a projective variety X is strictly nef (i.e. D.C>0 for any effective curve C on X). In general, the converse statement does not hold. But this is conjectured to be true for anticanonical divisors. The present paper establishes this fact for normal complex projective threefolds with canonical singularities. This result extends several previously known special cases. The proof rests mainly on sophisticated techniques of three dimensional birational geometry developed in the last two decades.

正特征下具有 nef 反典范除数及相对维数为一的 Albanese 态射的簇

Varieties with nef anticanonical divisors and Albanese morphisms of relative dimension one in positive characteristic

本文研究正特征代数闭域上具有 nef 反典范除数的光滑射影簇，并在其到 Albanese 簇的态射相对维数为一时给出精确结构。

具有nef反典范丛的代数簇的非零问题

The Nonvanishing problem for varieties with nef anticanonical bundle

该研究针对具有nef反典范丛的代数簇非零问题，证明了带温和奇点的三维配对中，反典范除子的nef数值类必为有效类，推进了代数几何相关理论。

Cox环的nef反典范有理曲面

Cox rings of nef anticanonical rational surfaces

本文研究具有nef反典范类的光滑射影有理曲面的Cox环生成集，刻画生成元次数并应用于计算Halphen指数大于1的有理椭圆曲面的极小生成集。

A decomposition theorem for projective manifolds with nef anticanonical bundle

Let X be a simply connected projective manifold with nef anticanonical bundle. We prove that X is a product of a rationally connected manifold and a manifold with trivial canonical bundle. As an application we describe the MRC fibration of any projective manifold with nef anticanonical bundle.

Threefolds with nef anticanonical bundles

We prove that the Albanese map of a smooth projective threefold, whose anticanonical bundle is nef, is a surjective submersion. We also investigate morphisms of threefolds to curves and surfaces whose relative anticanonical bundle are nef.

Albanese maps of projective manifolds with nef anticanonical bundles

Let $X$ be a projective manifold such that the anticanonical bundle $-K_X$ is nef. We prove that the Albanese map $p: X \rightarrow Y$ is locally isotrivial. In particular, $p$ is a submersion.

Manifolds with nef anticanonical bundle

Let X be a compact Kähler manifold such that the anticanonical bundle $-K_X$ is nef. A classical conjecture claims that the Albanese map is submersive. We prove this conjecture if the general fibre is a weak Fano manifold. If X is projective we prove the conjecture also for fibres of dimension at most two.

具有 nef 反典范除子的射影簇的自同构群与齐次纤维化

Automorphism groups and Homogeneous fibrations on projective varieties with nef anticanonical divisors

本文研究具有 nef 反典范除子的代数簇的 Albanese 态射与极大有理链连通纤维化的齐次结构，构造自然群同态诱导 Aut^0 的 Chevalley 分解（相差等源），并类比 Nishi-Matsumura 定理，用现代语言重证之。

弱Fano簇的川又-宫冈型不等式

Kawamata--Miyaoka type inequality for varieties with nef anticanonical divisor

针对n≥2的Q-因子ε-lc弱Fano簇，证明了满足特定系数约束的川又-宫冈型不等式，丰富了代数几何中Fano簇的相关理论。

On the fundamental groups of effective compact Kähler orbifolds with nef anticanonical bundle

We show that the orbifold fundamental group of an effective compact K{ä}hler orbifold with nef anticanonical bundle has polynomial growth, which generalizes M.P ăun's results for manifolds [P ău97, Theorem 1,Theorem 2]

Albanese morphism of log smooth klt compact Kähler manifold with nef log anticanonical divisor

Let $(X, ω)$ be an n-dimensional compact Kähler manifold. Let $D=\sum (1-β_j) Y_j=\sum (1-β_j) [s_j=0]$ a divisor with simple normal crossings with $β_j \in ]0,1[$ such that $-(K_X+D)$ is nef. We show that its Albanese map is submersion outside an analytic set of codimension larger than two with connected fibres.

General elements in anticanonical systems of threefolds with divisorial contractions and applications to classification

We treat threefolds with divisorial contractions whose exceptional divisors contract to compound Du Val points. We prove that general elements in their anticanonical systems around the exceptional divisors have at worst Du Val singularities. As applications to classification, we describe divisorial contractions to compound A_n points, and moreover we conclude that discrepancies of divisorial contractions to compound D_n or E_n points are at most four.

Positivity of anticanonical divisors from the viewpoint of Fano conic bundles

We give the first examples of flat fiber type contractions of Fano manifolds onto varieties that are not weak Fano, and we prove that these morphisms are Fano conic bundles. We also review some known results about the interaction between the positivity properties of anticanonical divisors of varieties of contractions.

Redundant blow-ups of rational surfaces with big anticanonical divisor

We completely classify redundant blow-ups appearing in the theory of rational surfaces with big anticanonical divisor due to Sakai. In particular, we construct a rational surface with big anticanonical divisor which is not a minimal resolution of a del Pezzo surface with only rational singularities, which gives a negative answer to a question raised in a paper by Testa, Várilly-Alvarado, and Velasco.

Algebraic Surfaces with Log-Terminal Singularities and nef Anticanonical Class and Reflection Groups in Lobachevsky Spaces. I (Basics of the Diagram Method)

In our preprint: "Algebraic surfaces with log-terminal singularities and nef anticanonical class and reflection groups in Lobachevsky spaces", Preprint Max-Planck-Institut für Mathematik, Bonn, (1989) MPI/89-28 (Russian), we had extended the diagram method to algebraic surfaces with nef anticanonical class (before, it was applied to Del Pezzo surfaces). The main problem here is that Mori polyhedron may not be finite polyhedral in this case. In the §4 of this preprint we had shown that this method does work for algebraic surfaces with nef anticanonical class and log terminal singularities. Rece…

Anticanonical divisors on Fano fourfolds

In this paper we show that a general element of $|-K_X|$ on a four-dimensional Fano manifold has at most terminal singularities. We then determine an explicit local expression of these singular points.

Varieties with generically nef tangent bundles

We study the geometry of projective manifolds whose tangent bundles are nef on sufficiently general curves (i.e. the tangent bundle is generically nef) and show that manifolds whose anticanonical bundles are semi-ample have this property. Furthermore we introduce a notion of sufficient nefness and investigate the relation with manifolds whose anticanonical bundles are nef.

具有nef反典范除子的有理曲面的切丛的积极性

Positivity of the tangent bundle of rational surfaces with nef anticanonical divisor

本文研究了具有nef反典范除子的光滑射影有理曲面切丛的bigness性质，证明了有理椭圆曲面的切丛不是大的，并利用$(-2)$-曲线配置完全或部分确定了弱del Pezzo曲面切丛的bigness。

Frobenius split anticanonical divisors

In this note I extend two theorems of Sommese regarding abelian varieties to arbitrary characteristic; that an abelian variety cannot be an ample divisor in a smooth projective variety and that a cone over an abelian variety of dimension at least two is not smoothable.

Seshadri constants of the anticanonical divisors of Fano manifolds with large index

Seshadri constants, introduced by Demailly, measure the local positivity of a nef divisor at a point. In this paper, we compute the Seshadri constants of the anticanonical divisors of Fano manifolds with coindex at most $3$ at a very general point. As a consequence, if $X$ is a nonsingular Fano threefold which is very general in its deformation family, then $\varepsilon(X,-K_X;x)\leq 1$ for all points $x\in X$ if and only if $\vert-K_X\vert$ is not base point free.

New nef divisors on $\bar{M}_{0,n}$

We give a direct proof, valid in arbitrary characteristic, of nefness for two families of F-nef divisors on $\bar{M}_{0,n}$. The divisors we consider include all type A level one conformal block divisors as well as divisors previously not known to be nef.

Moduli of cubic surfaces and their anticanonical divisors

We consider the moduli space of log smooth pairs formed by a cubic surface and an anticanonical divisor. We describe all compactifications of this moduli space which are constructed using Geometric Invariant Theory and the anticanonical polarization. The construction depends on a weight on the divisor. For smaller weights the stable pairs consist of mildly singular surfaces and very singular divisors. Conversely, a larger weight allows more singular surfaces, but it restricts the singularities on the divisor. The one-dimensional space of stability conditions decomposes in a wall-chamber struct…

A non-boundary nef divisor on $\bar{M}_{0,12}$

We describe a nef divisor $D_P$ on $\bar{M}_{0,12}$ that is not numerically equivalent to an effective sum of boundary divisors.

Iitaka fibrations for dlt pairs polarized by a nef and log big divisor

We study lc pairs polarized by a nef and log big divisor. After proving the minimal model theory for projective lc pairs polarized by a nef and log big divisor, we prove the effectivity of the Iitaka fibrations and some boundedness results for dlt pairs polarized by a nef and log big divisor.

Numerical characterization of nef arithmetic divisors on arithmetic surfaces

In this paper, we give a numerical characterization of nef arithmetic R-Cartier divisors of C^0-type on an arithmetic surface. Namely an arithmetic R-Cartier divisor D of C^0-type is nef if and only if D is pseudo-effective and deg(D^2) = vol(D).

基本群与余正则性：具有平凡且数值有效反典范类的klt对

Fundamental Groups and Coregularity: Klt Pairs with Trivial and Nef Log-Anticanonical Class

该研究探讨射影klt对数对的绝对余正则性与基本群的关系，证明其基本群存在有限指数正规阿贝尔子群，结合相关定理得到任意维数下的余正则性界，还给出反典范类数值有效时orbifold基本群的性质。

K-平凡四维流形上的严格 nef 除子

Strictly nef divisors on K-trivial fourfolds

本文证明了K-平凡四维流形上严格nef除子的丰度猜想和Serrano猜想，指出具有平凡典范丛和消失非正则性的射影四维流形上的严格nef除子都是丰沛的。

Nef anti-canonical divisors and rationally connected fibrations

We study the Iitaka-Kodaira dimension of nef relative anti-canonical divisors. As a consequence, we prove that given a complex projective variety with klt singularities, if the anti-canonical divisor is nef, then the dimension of a general fibre of the maximal rationally connected fibration is at least the Iitaka-Kodaira dimension of the anti-canonical divisor.

On generic nefness of tangent sheaves

We show that the tangent bundle of a projective manifold with nef anticanonical class is generically nef. That is, its restriction to a curve cut out by general sufficiently ample divisors is a nef vector bundle. This confirms a conjecture of Peternell. As a consequence, the second Chern class of such a manifold has non-negative intersections with ample divisors. We also investigate under which conditions these positivities are strict, and answer a question of Yau.

关于正特征中反-canonical 分割子在Iitaka猜想中的研究

On the Iitaka conjecture for anticanonical divisors in positive characteristic

本文研究正特征下纤维化中的Iitaka型不等式，证明在三重或曲线目标时，若一般纤维正则且诱导对强F-正则，则成立。同时给出特征2和3下非正常纤维的反例。

Three-dimensional toric morphisms with anti-nef canonical divisors

In this paper, we classify projective toric birational morphisms from Gorenstein toric 3-folds onto the 3-dimensional affine space with relatively ample anti-canonical divisors.

Base divisors of big and nef line bundles on irreducible symplectic varieties

Under some conditions on the deformation type, which we expect to be satisfied for arbitrary irreducible symplectic varieties, we describe which big and nef line bundles on irreducible symplectic varieties have base divisors. In particular, we show that such base divisors are always irreducible and reduced. This is applied to understand the behaviour of divisorial base components of big and nef line bundles under deformations and for K3$^{[n]}$-type and Kum$^n$-type.

$sl_2$ conformal block divisors and the nef cone of $\bar{M}_{0,n}$

We show that $sl_2$ conformal block divisors do not cover the nef cone of $\bar{M}_{0,6}$, or the $S_9$-invariant nef cone of $\bar{M}_{0,9}$. A key point is to relate the nonvanishing of intersection numbers between these divisors and F-curves to the nonemptiness of some explicitly defined polytopes. Several experimental results and some open problems are also included.

Anticanonical divisors and curve classes on Fano manifolds

It is well known that the Hodge conjecture with rational coefficients holds for degree 2n-2 classes on complex projective n-folds. In this paper we study the more precise question if on a rationally connected complex projective n-fold the integral Hodge classes of degree 2n-2 are generated over $\mathbb Z$ by classes of curves. We combine techniques from the theory of singularities of pairs on the one hand and infinitesimal variation of Hodge structures on the other hand to give an affirmative answer to this question for a large class of manifolds including Fano fourfolds. In the last case, on…

On projective space bundle with nef normalized tautological divisor

In this paper, we study the structure of projective space bundles whose relative anti-canonical line bundle is nef. As an application, we get a characterization of abelian varieties up to finite etale covering.

Nef and abundant divisors, semiampleness and canonical bundle formula

In this paper, we use canonical bundle formulas to prove some generalizations of an old theorem of Kawamata on the semiampleness of nef and abundant log canonical divisors. In particular, we show that for klt pairs $(X,B)$ with $K_X+B$ effective, $L \in Pic (X)$ nef, nefness and abundance of $K_X+B+L$ implies semiampleness. This essentially generalizes Kawamata's theorem to the setting of generalized abundance.

Nef and semiample divisors on rational surfaces

In this paper we study smooth projective rational surfaces, defined over an algebraically closed field of any characteristic, with pseudo-effective anticanonical divisor. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition in order for any nef divisor to be semiample. We adopt our criterion to investigate Mori dream surfaces in the complex case.

Fixed Loci of the Anticanonical Complete Linear Systems of Anticanonical Rational Surfaces

We determine the fixed locus of the anticanonical complete linear system of a given anticanonical rational surface. The case of a geometrically ruled rational surface is fully studied, e.g., the monoid of numerically effective divisor classes of such surface is explicitly determined and is minimally generated by two elements. On the other hand, as a consequence in the particular case where $X$ is a smooth rational surface with $K_{X}^{2}>0$, the following expected result holds: every fixed prime divisor of the complete linear system $|-K_X|$ is a $(-n)$-curve, for some integer $n\geq 1$.

Rational curves and strictly nef divisors on Calabi--Yau threefolds

We give a criterion for a nef divisor $D$ to be semiample on a Calabi--Yau threefold $X$ when $D^3=0=c_2(X)\cdot D$ and $c_3(X)\neq 0$. As a direct consequence, we show that on such a variety $X$, if $D$ is strictly nef and $ν(D)\neq 1$, then $D$ is ample; we also show that if there exists a nef non-ample divisor $D$ with $D\not\equiv 0$, then $X$ contains a rational curve when its topological Euler characteristic is not $0$.

关于有效严格 nef 除子的一个问题（附Andreas Höring撰写的附录）

A question on effective strictly nef divisors (with an appendix by Andreas Höring)

该研究提出射影簇上有效严格nef Cartier除子是否均为大除子的问题，Andreas Höring在附录中构造反例给出了否定答案。

A characterization of nef and good divisors by asymptotic multiplier ideals

A characterization of nef and good divisors is given: a divisor D on a smooth complex projective variety is nef and good if and only if the asymptotic multiplier ideals of sufficiently high multiples of e(D) D$ are trivial, where e(D) denotes the exponent of the divisor D. Some results of the same kind are proved in the analytic setting.

Exceptional and Rigid Sheaves on Surfaces with Anticanonical Class without Base Components

The paper consists of three parts. In the first of them different kinds stability are discussed. In particular, the stability concept with respect to nef divisor is introduced. A structure of rigid and superrigid vector bundles on smooth projective surfaces with nef anticanonical class is studied in the second part. We prove that any superrigid bundle has a unique exceptional filtration. In the last part we give constructive description of exceptional bundles on these surfaces.

Intersection theory of nef b-divisor classes

We prove that any nef b-divisor class on a projective variety defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 is a decreasing limit of nef Cartier classes. Building on this technical result, we construct an intersection theory of nef b-divisors, and prove several variants of the Hodge index theorem inspired by the work of Dinh and Sibony. We show that any big and basepoint free curve class is a power of a nef b-divisor, and relate this statement to Zariski decompositions of curves classes introduced by Lehmann and Xiao. Our construction allows us to relate various Banach spaces …

具有 nef 反正则丛的 Kähler 流形的 Albanese 映射

Albanese map for Kähler manifolds with nef anticanonical bundle

本文研究具有 nef 反正则丛的 Kähler 流形的 Albanese 映射结构，证明一般纤维为 Calabi-Yau 时流形本身为 Calabi-Yau，并对 Cao–Höring 关于射影空间纤维情形的结果给出更拓扑的证明。

Strictly nef divisors on singular threefolds

Let $X$ be a normal projective threefold with mild singularities, and $L_X$ a strictly nef $\mathbb{Q}$-divisor on $X$. First, we show the ampleness of $K_X+tL_X$ with sufficiently large $t$ if either the Kodaira dimension $κ(X)\neq 0$ or the augmented irregularity $q^{\circ}(X)\neq 0$. Second, we show that, if $(X,Δ)$ is a projective klt threefold pair with the anti-log canonical divisor $-(K_X+Δ)$ being strictly nef, then $X$ is rationally connected.

Structure of projective varieties with nef anticanonical divisor: the case of log terminal singularities

In this article we study the structure of klt projective varieties with nef anticanonical divisor (and more generally, varieties of semi-Fano type), especially the canonical fibrations associated to them. We show that: 1. the Albanese map for such variety is a locally constant fibration (that is, an analytic fibre bundle with connected fibres that $X$ is equal to the product of the universal cover of the Albanese torus by the fibre of the Albanese map quotient by a diagonal action of the fundamenatl group of the Albanese torus); 2. if the smooth locus is simply connected, the MRC fibration of …

Strictly nef divisors and some remarks on a conjecture of Serrano

Serrrano's Conjecture says that if $L$ is a strictly nef line bundle on a smooth projective variety $X$, then $K_X+tL$ is ample for $ t > dim X+1$. In this paper I will prove a few cases of this conjecture. I will also prove a generalized version of this conjecture (due to Campana, Chen and Peternell) for surfaces. In the last section, assuming the SHGH conjecture, I will give a series of examples of strictly nef non ample divisors on surfaces of arbitary Kodaira dimension.

具有大反典范基底轨迹的法诺四元体

Fano fourfolds with large anticanonical base locus

针对法诺流形反典范除子的奇异性问题，本文对比三元体与四元体的差异，证明当四维法诺流形反典范系统基底轨迹为余维二的正规曲面时，所有反典范除子均奇异。

A numerical characterization of nef adelic divisors

To a generically big adelic divisor, we can associate an arithmetic Okounkov body, which is a pair of the geometric Okounkov body and the concave transform of the Green functions. In this paper, we show that the infimum of the concave transform is given by the absolute minimum provided that the divisor is vertically nef. This is a partial generalization of results of Moriwaki (in the curve case) and of Burgos Gil-Moriwaki-Philippon-Sombra (in the toric case).

Curves disjoint from a nef divisor

On a projective surface it is well-known that the set of curves orthogonal to a nef line bundle is either finite or uncountable. We show that this dichotomy fails in higher dimension by constructing a nef line bundle on a threefold which is trivial on countably infinitely many curves. This answers a question of Totaro. As a pleasant corollary, we exhibit a quasi-projective variety with only a countably infinite set of complete, positive-dimensional subvarieties.

具有良好渐近基轨迹的反典范除子

Anticanonical divisor with good asymptotic base loci

研究通过反典范除子的渐近基轨迹刻画 Fano 型簇，并在无 plc 中心落入增广基轨迹时证明潜在 lc 配对存在良好极小模型。

Strictly Nef Divisors

Let $X$ be a projective manifold of dimension $n$ and $L$ a strictly nef line bundle on $X$. Then $K_X+tL$ is ample if $t > n+1$ in the following cases. 1.) $\text{dim} X = 3$ unless (possibly) $X$ is a Calabi-Yau with $c_2 \cdot L=0$; 2.) $κ(X) \ge n-2$; 3.) $\text{dim} α(X) \ge n-2$, with $α: X \to A$ the Albanese map.