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arXiv 2005.14121math.CO
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正则距离- $2$图的一个刻画

A characterization of graphs with regular distance-$2$ graphs

Elisabeth Gaar, Daniel Krenn

摘要:

对于非负整数~ $k$,我们考虑其中每个顶点在距离~ $2$处恰好有$k$顶点的图,即,距离- $2$图是$k$ -正则的图。我们称这种图为$k$ -亚色正则图。虽然构造$k$ -亚色正则图相对容易--我们为任意的~ $k$提供了一个通用的构造--但找到所有这样的图要困难得多。我们证明了只有具有某种性质的$k$ -亚染色-正则图不能用这种构造方法构造.此外,我们还对每个$k=0$,$k=1$和$k=2$给出了$k$ -亚色-正则图的一个完整刻画.特别地,具有~ $n$顶点的连通图是$2$ -亚道德正则的当且仅当$n\ge5$,并且该图是圈的补图的并(等价地每个顶点都有度~ $n-3$),圈,或具有$n\le8$的$17$例外图之一。此外,还得到了每个顶点至多有一个元胞映射的图的一个刻画。每个特征都伴随着相应的计数序列的未标记图的调查。

英文摘要:

For non-negative integers~$k$, we consider graphs in which every vertex has exactly $k$ vertices at distance~$2$, i.e., graphs whose distance-$2$ graphs are $k$-regular. We call such graphs $k$-metamour-regular motivated by the terminology in polyamory. While constructing $k$-metamour-regular graphs is relatively easy -- we provide a generic construction for arbitrary~$k$ -- finding all such graphs is much more challenging. We show that only $k$-metamour-regular graphs with a certain property cannot be built with this construction. Moreover, we derive a complete characterization of $k$-metamour-regular graphs for each $k=0$, $k=1$ and $k=2$. In particular, a connected graph with~$n$ vertices is $2$-metamour-regular if and only if $n\ge5$ and the graph is a join of complements of cycles (equivalently every vertex has degree~$n-3$), a cycle, or one of $17$ exceptional graphs with $n\le8$. Moreover, a characterization of graphs in which every vertex has at most one metamour is acquired. Each characterization is accompanied by an investigation of the corresponding counting sequence of unlabeled graphs.

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