The identification of the right order of the equation in applied fractional modeling plays an important role. In this paper we consider an inverse problem for determining the order of time fractional derivative in a subdiffusion equation with an arbitrary second order elliptic differential operator. We prove that the additional information about the solution at a fixed time instant at a monitoring location, as "the observation data", identifies uniquely the order of the fractional derivative.
The backward problem for subdiffusion equation with the fractional Riemann-Liouville time-derivative of order ? 2 (0; 1) and an arbitrary positive self-adjoint operator A is considered. This problem is ill-posed in the sense of Hadamard due to the lack of stability of the solution. Nevertheless, we will show that if we consider sufficiently smooth current information, then the solution exists and it is unique. Using this result, we study the inverse problem of initial value identification for subdiffusion equation. The results obtained differ significantly from the corresponding results for th…
A class of inverse problems for restoring the right-hand side of a parabolic equation for a large class of positive operators with discrete spectrum is considered. The results on existence and uniqueness of solutions of these problems as well as on the fractional time diffusion (subdiffusion) equations are presented. Consequently, the obtained results are applied for the similar inverse problems for a large class of subelliptic diffusion and subdiffusion equations (with continuous spectrum). Such problems are modelled by using general homogeneous left-invariant hypoelliptic operators on genera…
An initial-boundary value problem for a time-fractional subdiffusion equation with the Riemann-Liouville derivatives on N-dimensional torus is considered. The uniqueness and existence of the classical solution of the posed problem are proved by the classical Fourier method. Sufficient conditions for the initial function and for the right-hand side of the equation are indicated, under which the corresponding Fourier series converges absolutely and uniformly. It should be noted, that the condition on the initial function found in this paper is less restrictive than the analogous condition in the…
We consider non-local in time semilinear subdiffusion equations on a bounded domain, where the kernel in the integro-differential operator belongs to a large class, which covers many relevant cases from physics applications, in particular the important case of fractional dynamics. The elliptic operator in the equation is given in divergence form with bounded measurable coefficients. We prove a well-posedness result in the setting of bounded weak solutions and study the stability and instability of the zero function in the special case where the nonlinearity vanishes at 0. We also establish a b…
We prove optimal estimates for the decay in time of solutions to a rather general class of non-local in time subdiffusion equations in $\mathbb{R}^d$. An important special case is the time-fractional diffusion equation, which has seen much interest during the last years, mostly due to its applications in the modeling of anomalous diffusion processes. We follow three different approaches and techniques to study this particular case: (A) estimates based on the fundamental solution and Young's inequality, (B) Fourier multiplier methods, and (C) the energy method. It turns out that the decay behav…
We prove sharp estimates for the decay in time of solutions to a rather general class of non-local in time subdiffusion equations on a bounded domain subject to a homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition. Important special cases are the time-fractional and ultraslow diffusion equation, which have seen much interest during the last years, mostly due to their applications in the modeling of anomalous diffusion. We study the case where the equation is in divergence form with bounded measurable coefficients. Our proofs rely on energy estimates and make use of a new and powerful inequality for inte…
The inverse problem of determining the right-hand side of the subdiffusion equation with the fractional Caputo derivative is considered. The right-hand side of the equation has the form $f(x)g(t)$ and the unknown is function $f(x)$. The condition $ u (x,t_0)= ψ(x) $ is taken as the over-determination condition, where $t_0$ is some interior point of the considering domain and $ψ(x) $ is a given function. It is proved by the Fourier method that under certain conditions on the functions $g(t)$ and $ψ(x) $ the solution of the inverse problem exists and is unique. An example is given showing the vi…
In this note we propose the exact artificial boundary conditions formula to the fractional reaction-subdiffusion equation on an unbounded domain. With the application of Laplace transformation, the exact artificial boundary conditions (ABCs) are derived to reformulate the original problem on the unbounded domain to an initial-boundary-value problem on the bounded computational domain. By the Kreiss theory, we prove that the reduced initial-boundary value problem is stability. Based on the properties of tempered fractional calculus, we obtain that the reduced initial-boundary value problem is l…
We prove the global strong solvability of a quasilinear initial-boundary value problem with fractional time derivative of order less than one. Such problems arise in mathematical physics in the context of anomalous diffusion and the modelling of dynamic processes in materials with memory. The proof relies heavily on a regularity result about the interior Hölder continuity of weak solutions to time fractional diffusion equations, which has been proved recently by the author. We further establish a basic $L_2$ decay estimate for the special case with vanishing external source term and homogeneou…
Reaction-diffusion equations are one of the most common mathematical models in the natural sciences and are used to model systems that combine reactions with diffusive motion. However, rather than normal diffusion, anomalous subdiffusion is observed in many systems and is especially prevalent in cell biology. What are the reaction-subdiffusion equations describing a system that involves first-order reactions and subdiffusive motion? In this paper, we answer this question. We derive fractional reaction-subdiffusion equations describing an arbitrary number of molecular species which react at fir…
The solution of time fractional partial differential equations in general exhibit a weak singularity near the initial time. In this article we propose a method for solving time fractional diffusion equation with nonlocal diffusion term. The proposed method comprises L1 scheme on graded mesh, finite element method and Newton's method. We discuss the well-posedness of the weak formulation at discrete level and derive \emph{a priori} error estimates for fully-discrete formulation in $L^2(Ω)$ and $H^1(Ω)$ norms. Finally, some numerical experiments are conducted to validate the theoretical findings…
An initial-boundary value problem for a subdiffusion equation with an elliptic operator $A(D)$ in $\mathbb{R}^N$ is considered. The existence and uniqueness theorems for a solution of this problem are proved by the Fourier method. Considering the order of the Caputo time-fractional derivative as an unknown parameter, the corresponding inverse problem of determining this order is studied. It is proved, that the Fourier transform of the solution $\hat{u}(ξ, t)$ at a fixed time instance recovers uniquely the unknown parameter. Further, a similar initial-boundary value problem is investigated in t…
The article investigates an inverse problem of determining the right-hand side of a subdiffusion equation with Caputo fractional derivative whose elliptic part has the most general form and is defined on an N-dimensional torus T N . The Fourier method is used to prove theorems on the existence and uniqueness of the classical solution of the initial-boundary value problem and on the unique reconstruction of the unknown right-hand side of the equation. Requirements for the initial function and for the additional condition are established under which the classical Fourier method can be applied to…
We investigate an initial-boundary value problem for a time-fractional subdiffusion equation with the Caputo derivatives on $N$-dimensional torus by the classical Fourier method. Since our solution is established on the eigenfunction expansion of elliptic operator, the method proposed in this article can be used to an arbitrary domain and an elliptic operator with variable coefficients. It should be noted that the conditions for the existence of a solution to the initial-boundary value problem found in the article cannot be weakened, and the article provides a corresponding example.
The modelling of linear and nonlinear reaction-subdiffusion processes is more subtle than normal diffusion and causes different phenomena. The resulting equations feature a spatial Laplacian with a temporal memory term through a time fractional derivative. It is known that the precise form depends on the interaction of dispersal and reaction, and leads to qualitative differences. We refine these results by defining generalised spectra through dispersion relations, which allows us to examine the onset of instability and in particular inspect Turing type instabilities. These results are numerica…
In this work, an analogue of the Tricomi problem for equations of mixed type with a fractional derivative is investigated. In one part of the domain, the considered equation is a subdiffusion equation with a fractional derivative of order ? 2 (0; 1) in the sense of Riemann-Liouville, and in the other it is a wave equation. Assuming the parameter ? to be unknown, the corresponding inverse problem is studied . It was found an additional condition, that provides not only uniqueness but also existance of the desired parameter. It should be noted that the inverse problem of determining the fraction…
In this work, we study an inverse problem of recovering a space-time dependent diffusion coefficient in the subdiffusion model from the distributed observation, where the mathematical model involves a Djrbashian-Caputo fractional derivative of order $α\in(0,1)$ in time. The main technical challenges of both theoretical and numerical analysis lie in the limited smoothing properties due to the fractional differential operator and high degree of nonlinearity of the forward map from the unknown diffusion coefficient to the distributed observation. We establish two conditional stability results usi…
In this work, we present and analyse a system of coupled partial differential equations, which models tumour growth under the influence of subdiffusion, mechanical effects, nutrient supply, and chemotherapy. The subdiffusion of the system is modelled by a time fractional derivative in the equation governing the volume fraction of the tumour cells. The mass densities of the nutrients and the chemotherapeutic agents are modelled by reaction diffusion equations. We prove the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution to the model via the Faedo--Galerkin method and the application of appropriate …
Some Unexplored Topics in The Reconstruction of Scalar Parameters of Subdiffusion
Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia（意大利理工学院）；S.P. Timoshenko Institute of Mechanics of NAS of Ukraine（乌克兰国家科学院谢尔盖·P·蒂莫申科力学研究所）；Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics of NAS of Ukraine（乌克兰国家科学院应用数学与力学研究所）
In this work, we study the inverse problem of recovering a potential coefficient in the subdiffusion model, which involves a Djrbashian-Caputo derivative of order $α\in(0,1)$ in time, from the terminal data. We prove that the inverse problem is locally Lipschitz for small terminal time, under certain conditions on the initial data. This result extends the result in Choulli and Yamamoto (1997) for the standard parabolic case to the fractional case. The analysis relies on refined properties of two-parameter Mittag-Leffler functions, e.g., complete monotonicity and asymptotics. Further, we develo…
We consider the variational structure of a time-fractional second order Mean Field Games (MFG) system with local coupling. The MFG system consists of time-fractional Fokker-Planck and Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations. In such a situation the individual agent follows a non-Markovian dynamics given by a subdiffusion process. Hence, the results of this paper extend the theory of variational MFG to the subdiffusive situation, providing an Eulerian interpretation of time-fractional MFG systems.
Regularized Reconstruction of Scalar Parameters in Subdiffusion with Memory via a Nonlocal Observation
Taras Shevchenko National University（塔拉斯·舍甫琴科国立大学）；Johann Radon Institute（约翰·拉德恩研究所）；Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia（意大利理工学院）；Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics of NAS of Ukraine（乌克兰国家科学院应用数学与力学研究所）；S.P. Timoshenko Institute of Mechanics of NAS of Ukraine（乌克兰国家科学院S.P. 什捷潘诺夫力学研究所）
In this article we study inverse problems of recovering a space-time dependent source component from the lateral boundary observation in a subidffusion model. The mathematical model involves a Djrbashian-Caputo fractional derivative of order $α\in(0,1)$ in time, and a second-order elliptic operator with time-dependent coefficients. We establish a well-posedness and a conditional stability result for the inverse problems using a novel perturbation argument and refined regularity estimates of the associated direct problem. Further, we present an algorithm for efficiently and accurately reconstru…
Deriving subdiffusion equations from general Renewal--Jump dynamics
School of Mathematical Sciences and Institute of Natural Sciences, MOE-LSC, CMA-Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学数学科学学院和自然科学研究院，教育部理科基础人才培养基地，上海计算数学与科学应用技术重点实验室）
Let $A$ be an arbitrary positive selfadjoint operator, defined in a separable Hilbert space $H$. The inverse problems of determining the right-hand side of the equation and the function $ϕ$ in the non-local boundary value problem $D_t^ρ u(t) + Au(t) = f(t)$ ($0 < ρ< 1, 0 < t \leq T$), $u(ξ) = αu(0) + ϕ$, ($α$ is a constant and $0 < ξ\leq T)$, is considered. Operator $D_t$ on the left-hand side of the equation expresses the Caputo derivative. For both inverse problems $u(ξ_1) = V$ is taken as the over-determination condition. Existence and uniqueness theorems for solutions of the problems under…
Subdiffusive fractional limit of a jump-renewal equation
AIstroSight；Inria（法国国家信息与自动化研究所）；Hospices Civils de Lyon（里昂民事医院）；Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1（里昂第一大学克洛德·贝尔纳大学）；Université de Tours（图尔大学）；Université d’Orléans（奥尔良大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；Centrale Lyon（里昂中央理工学院）；INSA Lyon（里昂国立应用科学学院）；Université Jean Monnet（让·莫内大学）；Université Paris Cité（巴黎西岱大学）；Institut Imagine（Imagine研究所）；INSERM（法国国家健康与医学研究院）
