James Belk, James Hyde, Francesco Matucci
We observe that the group of all lifts of elements of Thompson's group $T$ to the real line is finitely presented and contains the additive group $\mathbb{Q}$ of the rational numbers. This gives an explicit realization of the Higman embedding theorem for $\mathbb{Q}$, answering a Kourovka notebook question of Martin Bridson and Pierre de la Harpe.
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We construct an embedding of a free Burnside group $B(m,n)$ of odd $n > 2^{48}$ and rank $m >1$ in a finitely presented group with some special properties. The main application of this embedding is an easy construction of finitely presented non-amenable groups without noncyclic free subgroups (which provides a finitely presented counterexample to the von Neumann problem on amenable groups). As another application, we construct weakly finitely presented groups of odd exponent $n \gg 1$ which are not locally finite.
We construct easy embeddings of relatively free groups (say the free Burnside group, the free solvable group) into finitely presented groups. We introduce a concept of verbal isoperimetric function of a group variety. We prove that if the verbal Dehn function of a relatively free group is bounded by a polynomial then the group can be embedded quasi-isometrically into a finitely presented group with polynomial isoperimetric function. We also construct an easy embedding of any Baumslag-Solitar solvable group into a finitely presented group with polynomial Dehn function.
In this paper we study distortion of various well-known embeddings of finitely generated torsion-free nilpotent groups $G$ into unitriangular groups $UT_n(\mathbb{Z})$. We also provide a polynomial time algorithm for finding distortion of a given subgroup of $G$
Embedding finitely presented self-similar groups into finitely presented simple groups
该研究证明有限表现自相似群可嵌入有限表现单群，确立这类群满足Boone-Higman猜想，还通过环上矩阵群例子证明$\n\b{GL}_n(\n\b{Q})$的有限生成子群也满足该猜想。
Embedding hyperbolic groups into finitely presented infinite simple groups
本文回顾了Boone--Higman猜想的历史，并概述了证明双曲群可嵌入有限呈现单群的相关工作。
Embedding finitely generated free-by-cyclic groups in {finitely generated free}-by-cyclic groups
本文改进了Feighn-Handel关于自由群映射筒子群的结果，证明有限生成自由-由循环群可嵌入到有限生成自由-由循环群中，并在超几何情况下作为准凸子群嵌入。
On explicit embeddings of $\mathbb{Q}$ into finitely presented groups
本文构造了有理数群到有限呈现群及二生成元有限呈现群的显式嵌入，回应了 1990 年代末的相关问题，方法基于 Higman 的整数值序列集合与自由构造技术。
We prove that every countable left-ordered group embeds into a finitely generated left-ordered simple group. Moreover, if the first group has a computable left-order, then the simple group also has a computable left-order. We also obtain a Boone-Higman-Thompson type theorem for left-orderable groups with recursively enumerable positive cones. These embeddings are Frattini embeddings, and isometric whenever the initial group is finitely generated. Finally, we reprove Thompson's theorem on word problem preserving embeddings into finitely generated simple groups and observe that the embedding is …
Following the work done by Olshanskii for groups, we describe, for a given semigroup $S$, which functions $l : S \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ can be realized up to equivalence as length functions $g \mapsto |g|_{H}$ by embedding $S$ into a finitely generated semigroup $H$. We also, following the work done by Olshanskii and Sapir, provide a complete description of length functions of a given finitely generated semigroup with enumerable set of relations inside a finitely presented semigroup.
Malnormal Subgroups of Finitely Presented Groups
该研究改进了Higman嵌入定理，证明了有限生成群的递归呈示性与非正常嵌入的等距性质之间的关系，并改进了Clapham和Ol'shanskii的定理。
Conjugator length in finitely generated groups
本文刻画了有限生成群共轭子长度函数的可能形式，并证明任意两个递增函数可同时实现于可公度（拟等距）的有限生成群中。
We give a complete survey of a construction by Boone and Collins for embedding any finitely presented group into one with $8$ generators and $26$ relations. We show that this embedding preserves the set of orders of torsion elements, and in particular torsion-freeness. We combine this with the independent results of Belegradek and Chiodo to prove that there is an $8$-generator $26$-relator universal finitely presented torsion-free group (one into which all finitely presented torsion-free groups embed).
Finitely generated positive cones in $F_n \times \mathbb{Z}$
本研究对所有不小于2的偶数n构造了F_n×Z上的有限生成半群正锥，结合已有孤立左序的判定结论，证明n≥2时群F_n×Z存在有限生成正锥当且仅当n为偶数。
An explicit algorithm for the Higman Embedding Theorem
本文提出一种算法，对任意递归群G，显式构造其到有限表示群的嵌入，并证明该群可选为2生成元群。
Quasi-isometric Higman embeddings and the Dehn function
本文证明满足特定计算枚举条件的有限生成群可拟等距嵌入到 Dehn 函数受计算复杂度控制的有限呈现群中，推广了自由 Burnside 群嵌入结果，并改进了字问题 NP 性与多项式 Dehn 函数嵌入的经典刻画。
On the Self-Similarity of Permutational Wreath Products and Their Embedding into Finitely Presented Simple Groups
该研究探讨置换圈积的自相似性，证明特定条件下Scott–Röver–Nekrashevych群的有限表现性与几乎单性，及\boldsymbol{\boldsymbol{Z}^d \rtimes_X G}嵌入有限表现单群，为Boone–Higman猜想提供新群族。
Recognition and constructive membership for discrete subgroups of $\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{R})$
本文提出判定SL₂(ℝ)有限生成子群离散性、解决离散子群构造性成员资格问题并计算Fuchsian群基本域的算法，且已在Magma中实现。
We study the relative growth of finitely generated subgroups in finitely generated groups, and the corresponding distortion function of the embeddings. We explore which functions are equivalent to the relative growth functions and distortion functions of finitely generated subgroups. We also study the connections between these two asymptotic invariants of group embeddings. We give conditions under which a length function on a finitely generated group can be extended to a length function on a larger group.
On what finitely generated (left-orderable) simple groups can know about their subgroups
本文综述有限生成（左可序）单群嵌入的近期进展，探讨母群保留嵌入群算法等信息的嵌入方式，讨论新结果并扩展嵌入定理至可数类有限生成群。
A modified proof for Higman's embedding theorem
本文给出Higman嵌入定理的简化证明，通过缩短递归关系与良性子群刻画的论证，并用组合观察替代同态技术引理，使证明更简短。
We investigate the palindromic width of finitely generated solvable groups. We prove that every finitely generated $3$-step solvable group has finite palindromic width. More generally, we show the finiteness of palindromic width for finitely generated abelian-by-nilpotent-by-nilpotent groups. For arbitrary solvable groups of step $\geq 3$, we prove that if $G$ is a finitely generated solvable group that is an extension of an abelian group by a group satisfying the maximal condition for normal subgroups, then the palindromic width of $G$ is finite. We also prove that the palindromic width of $\…
We prove a factorization theorem for Fuchsian groups similar to those proved by Agol and Liu for 3-manifold groups. As an application, we build Makanin-Razborov diagrams, which parametrize the collection of all discrete representations from an arbitrary but fixed finitely generated group $G$ to ${\rm PSL}(2, \mathbb{R})$. We define a new class of groups called ${\rm PSL}(2, \mathbb{R})$-discrete limit groups and then use the factorization theorem to obtain useful information about this class of groups.
We generalize the small cancellation theory over hyperbolic groups developed by Olshanskii to the case of relatively hyperbolic groups. This allows us to construct infinite finitely generated groups with exactly $n$ conjugacy classes for every $n\ge 2$. In particular, we give the affirmative answer to the well--known question of the existence of a finitely generated group $G$ other than $\mathbb Z/2\mathbb Z$ such that all nontrivial elements of $G$ are conjugate.
The congruence subgroup problem for a finitely generated group $Γ$ and $G\leq Aut(Γ)$ asks whether the map $\hat{G}\to Aut(\hatΓ)$ is injective, or more generally, what is its kernel $C\left(G,Γ\right)$? Here $\hat{X}$ denotes the profinite completion of $X$. In the case $G=Aut(Γ)$ we denote $C\left(Γ\right)=C\left(Aut(Γ),Γ\right)$. Let $Γ$ be a finitely generated group, $\barΓ=Γ/[Γ,Γ]$, and $Γ^{*}=\barΓ/tor(\barΓ)\cong\mathbb{Z}^{(d)}$. Denote $Aut^{*}(Γ)=\textrm{Im}(Aut(Γ)\to Aut(Γ^{*}))\leq GL_{d}(\mathbb{Z})$. In this paper we show that when $Γ$ is nilpotent, there is a canonical isomorphi…
We prove that torsion in the abelianizations of open normal subgroups in finitely presented pro-$p$ groups can grow arbitrarily fast. By way of contrast in $\mathbb Z_p$- analytic groups the torsion growth is at most polynomial.
Cartan projections of fiber products and non quasi-isometric embeddings
本文研究群纤维积的Cartan投影范数上界，并构造线性Gromov双曲群的纤维积例子，证明其不承认拟等距嵌入的线性表示。
Examples of finitely presented groups with strong fixed point properties and property (T)
本文通过推广Hall嵌入定理，构造了一个具有性质（T）但无法在合理空间上作用的有限呈示群，展示了性质（T）与简单性要求之间的权衡。
We prove that, for a finitely generated residually finite group, having solvable word problem is not a sufficient condition to be a subgroup of a finitely presented residually finite group. The obstruction is given by a residually finite group with solvable word problem for which there is no effective method that allows, given some non-identity element, to find a morphism onto a finite group in which this element has a non-trivial image. We also prove that the depth function of this group grows faster than any recursive function.
We describe a general technique for embedding certain amalgamated products into direct products. This technique provides us with a way of constructing a host of finitely presented subgroups of automatic groups which are not even asynchronously automatic. We can also arrange that such subgroups satisfy, at best, an exponential isoperimetric inequality.
We study a function $\mathcal{L}_Γ$ which quantifies the LEF (local embeddability into finite groups) property for a finitely generated group $Γ$. We compute this "LEF growth" function in some examples, including certain wreath products. We compare LEF growth with the analogous quantitative version of residual finiteness, and exhibit a family of finitely generated residually finite groups which nevertheless admit many more local embeddings into finite groups than they do finite quotients. Along the way, we give a new proof that B.H. Neumann's continuous family of $2$-generated groups contains …
We introduce a quantitative notion of lawlessness for finitely generated groups, encoded by the "lawlessness growth function" $\mathcal{A}_Γ : \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$. We show that $\mathcal{A}_Γ$ is bounded iff $Γ$ has a nonabelian free subgroup. By contrast we construct, for any nondecreasing unbounded function $f: \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$, an elementary amenable lawless groups for which $\mathcal{A}_Γ$ grows more slowly that $f$. We produce torsion lawless groups for which $\mathcal{A}_Γ$ is at least linear using Golod-Shafarevich theory, and give some upper bounds on $…
In the present paper we continue studying regular free group actions on $\mathbb{Z}^n$-trees. We show that every finitely generated $\mathbb{Z}^n$-free group $G$ can be embedded into a finitely generated $\mathbb{Z}^n$-free group $H$ acting regularly on the underlying $\mathbb{Z}^n$-tree (we call $H$ a {\em regular $\mathbb{Z}^n$-completion} of $G$) so that the action of $G$ is preserved. Moreover, if $G$ is effectively represented as a group of $\mathbb{Z}^n$-words then the construction of $H$ is effective and $H$ is also effectively represented as a group of $\mathbb{Z}^n$-words.
On a family of finitely generated simple groups of homeomorphisms of the circle
本文研究环群换位子群的单性，构造出具有Aℝ性质的环群，证实圆周保定向同胚群中存在不可数个有限生成简单群。
We demonstrate under appropriate finiteness conditions that a coarse embedding induces an inequality of homological Dehn functions. Applications of the main results include a characterization of what finitely presentable groups may admit a coarse embedding into a hyperbolic group of geometric dimension $2$, characterizations of finitely presentable subgroups of groups with quadratic Dehn function with geometric dimension $2$, and to coarse embeddings of nilpotent groups into other nilpotent groups of the same growth and into hyperbolic groups.
For all sufficiently large odd integers $n$, the following version of Higman's embedding theorem is proved in the variety ${\cal B}_n$ of all groups satisfying the identity $x^n=1$. A finitely generated group $G$ from ${\cal B}_n$ has a presentation $G=\langle A\mid R\rangle$ with a finite set of generators $A$ and a recursively enumerable set $R$ of defining relations if and only if it is a subgroup of a group $H$ finitely presented in the variety ${\cal B}_n$. It follows that there is a 'universal' $2$-generated finitely presented in ${\cal B}_n$ group containing isomorphic copies of all fin…
Limit varieties of aperiodic monoids
本文研究了非周期单oid的极限变种，提出一个新的极限变种，并证明其他可能的极限变种包含在特定变种的联合中。
We construct new examples of CAT(0) groups containing non finitely presented subgroups that are of type $FP_2$, these CAT(0) groups do not contain copies of $\mathbb{Z}^3$. We also give a construction of groups which are of type $F_n$ but not $F_{n+1}$ with no free abelian subgroups of rank greater than $\lceil\frac{n}{3}\rceil$.
We combine classical methods of combinatorial group theory with the theory of small cancellations over relatively hyperbolic groups to construct finitely generated torsion-free groups that have only finitely many classes of conjugate elements. Moreover, we present several results concerning embeddings into such groups. As another application of these techniques, we prove that every countable group $C$ can be realized as a group of outer automorphisms of a group $N$, where $N$ is a finitely generated group having Kazhdan's property (T) and containing exactly two conjugacy classes.
Property (LR) and an embedding theorem for virtually free groups
本文证明了每个虚自由群G具有Long和Reid提出的性质(LR)，即每个有限生成子群都是有限指数子群的 retract。主要方法是证明每个可数虚自由群可嵌入到有限群的双群中。
For every finitely generated recursively presented group G we construct a finitely presented group H containing G such that G is (Frattini) embedded into H and the group H has solvable conjugacy problem if and only if G has solvable conjugacy problem. Moreover G and H have the same r.e. Turing degrees of the conjugacy problem. This solves a problem by D. Collins.
Since the work of Jennings (1955), it is well-known that any finitely generated torsion-free nilpotent group can be embedded into unitriangular integer matrices $UT_N(Z)$ for some $N$. In 2006, Nickel proposed an algorithm to calculate such embeddings. In this work, we show that if $UT_n(Z)$ is embedded into $UT_N(Z)$ using Nickel's algorithm, then $N \geq 2^{n/2 -2}$ if the standard ordering of the Mal'cev basis (as in Nickel's original paper) is used. In particular, we establish an exponential worst-case running time of Nickel's algorithm. On the other hand, we also prove a general exponenti…
We show that for any $n\geq 2$, two elements selected uniformly at random from a \emph{symmetrized} Euclidean ball of radius $X$ in $\textrm{SL}_n(\mathbb Z)$ will generate a thin free group with probability tending to $1$ as $X\rightarrow \infty.$ This is done by showing that the two elements will form a ping-pong pair, when acting on a suitable space, with probability tending to $1$. On the other hand, we give an upper bound less than $1$ for the probability that two such elements will form a ping-pong pair in the usual Euclidean ball model in the case where $n>2$.
In this paper, we prove a series of results on group embeddings in groups with a small number of generators. We show that each finitely generated group $G$ lying in a variety ${\mathcal M}$ can be embedded in a $4$-generated group $H \in {\mathcal M}{\mathcal A}$ (${\mathcal A}$ means the variety of abelian groups). If $G$ is a finite group, then $H$ can also be found as a finite group. It follows, that any finitely generated (finite) solvable group $G$ of the derived length $l$ can be embedded in a $4$-generated (finite) solvable group $H$ of length $l+1$. Thus, we answer the question of V. H…
In this paper we describe finitely generated groups $H$ universally equivalent (with constants from $G$ in the language) to a given torsion-free relatively hyperbolic group $G$ with free abelian parabolics. It turns out that, as in the free group case, the group $H$ embeds into the Lyndon's completion $G^{\mathbb{Z}[t]}$ of the group $G$, or, equivalently, $H$ embeds into a group obtained from $G$ by finitely many extensions of centralizers. Conversely, every subgroup of $G^{\mathbb{Z}[t]}$ containing $G$ is universally equivalent to $G$. Since finitely generated groups universally equivalent …
We construct a finitely generated group which is an extension of two finitely generated groups coarsely embeddable into Hilbert space but which itself does not coarsely embed into Hilbert space. Our construction also provides a new infinite monster group: the first example of a finitely generated group that does not coarsely embed into Hilbert space and yet does not contain a weakly embedded expander.
We prove that one cannot algorithmically decide whether a finitely presented $\mathbb{Z}$-extension admits a finitely generated base group, and we use this fact to prove the undecidability of the BNS invariant. Furthermore, we show the equivalence between the isomorphism problem within the subclass of unique $\mathbb{Z}$-extensions, and the semi-conjugacy problem for deranged outer automorphisms.
In this note we introduce the class of $\mathcal H$-groups (or Hall groups) related to the class of $\mathcal B$-groups defined by Ph. Hall in 1950's. Establishing some basic properties of Hall groups we use them to obtain results concerning embeddings of abelian groups. In particular, we give an explicit classification of all abelian groups that can occur as subgroups in finitely-generated metabelian groups. Hall groups allow to give a negative answer to the Baumslag's conjecture of 1990 on the cardinality of the set of isomorphism classes for abelian subgroups in finitely generated metabelia…
A new class of groups $\mathcal{C}$, containing all coherent RAAGs and all toral relatively hyperbolic groups, is defined. It is shown that, for a group $G$ in the class $\mathcal{C}$, the $\mathbb{Z}[t]$-exponential group $G^{\mathbb{Z}[t]}$ may be constructed as an iterated centraliser extension. Using this fact, it is proved that $G^{\mathbb{Z}[t]}$ is fully residually $G$ (i.e. it has the same universal theory as $G$) and so its finitely generated subgroups are limit groups over $G$. If $\mathbb{G}$ is a coherent RAAG, then the converse also holds - any limit group over $\mathbb{G}$ embeds…
In this paper, we consider an equivalence relation within the class of finitely presented discrete groups attending to their asymptotic topology rather than their asymptotic geometry. More precisely, we say that two finitely presented groups $G$ and $H$ are "proper $2$-equivalent" if there exist (equivalently, for all) finite $2$-dimensional CW-complexes $X$ and $Y$, with $π_1(X) \cong G$ and $π_1(Y) \cong H$, so that their universal covers $\widetilde{X}$ and $\widetilde{Y}$ are proper $2$-equivalent. It follows that this relation is coarser than the quasi-isometry relation. We point out that…
We prove that every finitely generated group $G$ discriminated by a locally quasi-convex torsion-free hyperbolic group $Γ$ is effectively coherent: that is, presentations for finitely generated subgroups can be computed from the subgroup generators. We study $G$ via its embedding into an iterated centralizer extension of $Γ$, and prove that this embedding can be computed. We also give algorithms to enumerate all finitely generated groups discriminated by $Γ$ and to decide whether a given group, with decidable word problem, is discriminated by $Γ$. If $Γ$ may have torsion, we prove that groups …
Intersection configurations in free and free times free-abelian groups
本文研究了自由群与自由乘自由阿贝尔群中的相交构型，证明了Howson性质是非交换自由群中的唯一障碍，并为FTFA群提供了判定多重相交有限生成性及计算基的算法，最终证明任何相交构型在足够大的FTFA群中均可实现。
The free multiplicative Lie algebra $L(P)$ for a finitely generated parafree group $P$
本文证明有限生成准自由群在特定同调条件下，其自由乘法李代数的换位子子群与下中心列同构，从而验证了 Ellis 猜想。
Let $Δ$ be a cocompact lattice in $\mathsf{Sp}(m,1)$, $m \geq 2$, or $F_{4}^{(-20)}$. We exhibit examples of finitely generated subgroups of $Δ\times Δ$ with positive first Betti number all of whose discrete faithful representations into any real semisimple Lie group are quasi-isometric embeddings. The examples of this paper are inspired by the counterexamples of Bass-Lubotzky [BL00] to Platonov's conjecture.
We prove that every finitely-generated right-angled Artin group can be embedded into some Brin-Thompson group $nV$. It follows that many other groups can be embedded into some $nV$ (e.g., any finite extension of any of Haglund and Wise's special groups), and that various decision problems involving subgroups of $nV$ are unsolvable.
We show that there is an order-preserving embedding of the additive group of rational numbers $\mathbb{Q}$ into a 2-generator group $G$. The group $G$ can be chosen to be a solvable group $G$ of length 3, which is a minimal result in the sense that it cannot be chosen to be neither solvable of length 2, nor a nilpotent group. For any non-trivial word set $V \subseteq F_\infty$ there is an order-preserving verbal embedding of $\mathbb{Q}$ into a 2-generator group $G$. The embeddings constructed are subnormal.
It is well known that any polycyclic group, and hence any finitely generated nilpotent group, can be embedded into $GL_{n}(\mathbb{Z})$ for an appropriate $n\in \mathbb{N}$; that is, each element in the group has a unique matrix representation. An algorithm to determine this embedding was presented in Nickel. In this paper, we determine the complexity of the crux of the algorithm and the dimension of the matrices produced as well as provide a modification of the algorithm presented by Nickel.
A novel witness to incoherence of $\mathrm{SL}_5(\mathbb{Z})$
本文构造并讨论 $\mathrm{SL}_5(\mathbb{Z})$ 中一个 Zariski 稠密且有限生成却非有限表示的子群，为其非一致性提供新见证。
Whenever a finitely generated group $G$ acts properly discontinuously by isometries on a metric space $X$, there is an induced uniform embedding (a Lipschitz and uniformly proper map) $ρ: G \rightarrow X$ given by mapping $G$ to an orbit. We study when there is a difference between a finitely generated group $G$ acting properly on a contractible $n$-manifold and uniformly embedding into a contractible $n$-manifold. For example, Kapovich and Kleiner showed that there are torsion-free hyperbolic groups that uniformly embed into a contractible $3$-manifold but only virtually act on a contractible…
We construct an example of a finitely-generated amenable group that does not admit any coarse 1-Lipschitz embedding with positive compression exponent into L_p for any 1 \leq p < \infty, answering positively a question of Arzhantseva, Guba and Sapir.
Let $M = \mathbb{B}^2 / Γ$ be a smooth ball quotient of finite volume with first betti number $b_1(M)$ and let $\mathcal{E}(M) \ge 0$ be the number of cusps (i.e., topological ends) of $M$. We study the growth rates that are possible in towers of finite-sheeted coverings of $M$. In particular, $b_1$ and $\mathcal{E}$ have little to do with one another, in contrast with the well-understood cases of hyperbolic $2$- and $3$-manifolds. We also discuss growth of $b_1$ for congruence arithmetic lattices acting on $\mathbb{B}^2$ and $\mathbb{B}^3$. Along the way, we provide an explicit example of a l…
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