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arXiv 2004.13913astro-ph.COgr-qc
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机器学习模型无关的宇宙曲率

Machine Learning the Cosmic Curvature in a Model-independent Way

Guo-Jian Wang, Xiao-Jiao Ma, Jun-Qing Xia

摘要:

利用哈勃参数测量值$H(z)$和Ia型超新星(SNe Ia),我们实现了宇宙曲率$Ω_K$的测定,并与宇宙学模型无关。在我们的分析中,两个非线性插值工具被用来重建哈勃参数,一个是人工神经网络(ANN)的方法,另一个是高斯过程(GP)的方法。我们发现基于GP方法的$Ω_K$受$H_0$先验的影响很大,而ANN方法可以克服这一点。因此,在宇宙曲率的测量中,人工神经网络方法可能比GP方法更有优势。基于人工神经网络方法,我们发现当前的$H(z)$和SNe Ia数据更倾向于一个空间开放的宇宙,并且我们的结果与从普朗克CMB推断的值相差$1.6σ$ .为了检验人工神经网络方法的可靠性,以及未来引力波(GW)标准警报器在宇宙曲率测量中的潜力,我们用模拟的哈勃参数和GW标准警报器对$Ω_K$进行了模型无关的约束.结果表明,人工神经网络方法是可靠的、无偏的,当探测到100 GW的电磁对应事件时,$Ω_K$的误差为$\sim0.186$,比Pantheon SNe Ia的误差小$\sim56\%$。因此,基于人工神经网络的数据驱动方法在宇宙曲率测量中具有潜在的应用价值。

英文摘要:

In this work, we achieve the determination of the cosmic curvature $Ω_K$ in a cosmological model-independent way, by using the Hubble parameter measurements $H(z)$ and type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). In our analysis, two nonlinear interpolating tools are used to reconstruct the Hubble parameter, one is the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method, and the other is the Gaussian process (GP) method. We find that $Ω_K$ based on the GP method can be greatly influenced by the prior of $H_0$, while the ANN method can overcome this. Therefore, the ANN method may have more advantages than GP in the measurement of the cosmic curvature. Based on the ANN method, we find a spatially open universe is preferred by the current $H(z)$ and SNe Ia data, and the difference between our result and the value inferred from Planck CMB is $1.6σ$. In order to test the reliability of the ANN method, and the potentiality of the future gravitational waves (GW) standard sirens in the measurement of the cosmic curvature, we constrain $Ω_K$ using the simulated Hubble parameter and GW standard sirens in a model-independent way. We find that the ANN method is reliable and unbiased, and the error of $Ω_K$ is $\sim0.186$ when 100 GW events with electromagnetic counterparts are detected, which is $\sim56\%$ smaller than that constrained from the Pantheon SNe Ia. Therefore, the data-driven method based on ANN has potential in the measurement of the cosmic curvature.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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