In 2007 Chang and Yu determined all the algebraic relations among Goss's zeta values for the rational function field - these are also known as the Carlitz zeta values. Goss raised the problem about algebraic relations among Goss's zeta values for a general base ring A, but very little is known. In this paper we develop a general method and determine all algebraic relations among Goss's zeta values for the base ring A attached to an elliptic curve over a finite field. To our knowledge, these are the first non-trivial solutions of Goss's problem for a base ring whose class number is strictly greater than 1.
In this short note, we give a proof of the Riemann hypothesis for Goss $v$-adic zeta function $ζ_{v}(s)$, when $v$ is a prime of $\mathbb{F}_{q}[t]$ of degree one.
A theorem of Tate and Turner says that global function fields have the same zeta function if and only if the Jacobians of the corresponding curves are isogenous. In this note, we investigate what happens if we replace the usual (characteristic zero) zeta function by the positive characteristic zeta function introduced by Goss. We prove that for function fields whose characteristic exceeds their degree, equality of the Goss zeta function is the same as Gassmann-equivalence (a purely group theoretical property), but this statement fails if the degree exceeds the characteristic. We introduce a `T…
Let q be a power of a prime p. We prove an assertion of Carlitz which takes q as parameter. Diaz-Vargas' proof of the Riemann Hypothesis for the Goss zeta function for F_p[T] depends on his verification of Carlitz's assertion for the specific case q = p. Our proof of the general case allows us to extend Diaz-Vargas' proof to F_q[T].
We study tensor powers of rank 1 sign-normalized Drinfeld A-modules, where A is the coordinate ring of an elliptic curve over a finite field. Using the theory of vector valued Anderson generating functions, we give formulas for the coefficients of the logarithm and exponential functions associated to these A-modules. We then show that there exists a vector whose bottom coordinate contains a Goss zeta value, whose evaluation under the exponential function is defined over the Hilbert class field. This allows us to prove the transcendence of Goss zeta values and periods of Drinfeld modules as wel…
We study an elliptic analogue of multiple zeta values, the elliptic multiple zeta values of Enriquez, which are the coefficients of the elliptic KZB associator. Originally defined by iterated integrals on a once-punctured complex elliptic curve, it turns out that they can also be expressed as certain linear combinations of indefinite iterated integrals of Eisenstein series and multiple zeta values. In this paper, we prove that the $\mathbb{Q}$-span of these elliptic multiple zeta values forms a $\mathbb{Q}$-algebra, which is naturally filtered by the length and is conjecturally graded by the w…
We describe some experiments that show a connection between elliptic curves of high rank and the Riemann zeta function on the one line. We also discuss a couple of statistics involving $L$-functions where the zeta function on the one line plays a prominent role.
We describe a decomposition algorithm for elliptic multiple zeta values, which amounts to the construction of an injective map $ψ$ from the algebra of elliptic multiple zeta values to a space of iterated Eisenstein integrals. We give many examples of this decomposition, and conclude with a short discussion about the image of $ψ$. It turns out that the failure of surjectivity of $ψ$ is in some sense governed by period polynomials of modular forms.
We study the analytic behaviour of adelic versions of Igusa integrals given by integer polynomials defining elliptic curves. By applying results on the meromorphic continuation of symmetric power L-functions and the Sato-Tate conjectures we prove that these global Igusa zeta functions have some meromorphic continuation until a natural boundary beyond which no continuation is possible.
This paper draws connections between the double shuffle equations and structure of associators; universal mixed elliptic motives as defined by Hain and Matsumoto; and the Rankin-Selberg method for modular forms for $SL_2(\mathbb{Z})$. We write down explicit formulae for zeta elements $σ_{2n-1}$ (generators of the Tannaka Lie algebra of the category of mixed Tate motives over $\mathbb{Z}$) in depths up to four, give applications to the Broadhurst-Kreimer conjecture, and completely solve the double shuffle equations for multiple zeta values in depths two and three.
For primes $p>3$ we produce a new derivation of the universal $p$-adic sigma function and $p$-adic Weierstrass zeta functions of Mazur and Tate for ordinary elliptic curves by a method that highlights congruences among coefficients in Laurent expansions of elliptic functions, and works simultaneously for generalized elliptic curves defined by Weierstrass equations.
We describe iterated integrals as unipotent periods on families of marked elliptic curves in terms of multiple zeta values and elliptic multiple zeta values.
We define an elliptic generating series whose coefficients, the elliptic multizetas, are related to the elliptic analogues of multiple zeta values introduced by Enriquez as the coefficients of his elliptic associator; both sets of coefficients lie in $\mathcal{O}(\mathfrak{H})$, the ring of functions on the Poincaré upper half-plane $\mathfrak H$. The elliptic multizetas generate a $\mathbb Q$-algebra $\mathcal{E}$ which is an elliptic analogue of the algebra of multiple zeta values. Working modulo $2πi$, we show that the algebra $\mathcal{E}$ decomposes into a geometric and an arithmetic part…
We consider a generalization of elliptic multiple zeta values, which we call twisted elliptic multiple zeta values. These arise as iterated integrals on an elliptic curve from which a rational lattice has been removed. At the cusp, twisted elliptic multiple zeta values are shown to degenerate to cyclotomic multiple zeta values in the same way as elliptic multiple zeta values degenerate to classical multiple zeta values. We investigate properties of twisted elliptic multiple zeta values and consider them in the context of the non-planar part of the four-point one-loop open-string amplitude.
We introduce and study "elliptic zeta values", a two-parameter deformation of the values of Riemann's zeta function at positive integers. They are essentially Taylor coefficients of the logarithm of the elliptic gamma function, and share the SL(3,Z) modular properties of this function. Elliptic zeta values at even integers are related to Eisenstein series and thus to sums of odd powers of divisors. The elliptic zeta values at odd integers can be expressed in terms of generating series of sums of even powers of divisors.
Let $\mathcal{M}$ be a pure motive over $\mathbb{Q}$ of odd weight $w\geq 3$, even rank $d\geq 2$, and global conductor $N$ whose $L$-function $L(s,\mathcal{M})$ coincides with the $L$-function of a self-dual algebraic tempered cuspidal symplectic representation of $\mathrm{GL}_{d}(\mathbb{A}_{\mathbb{Q}})$. We show that a certain polynomial which generates special values of $L(s,\mathcal{M})$ (including all of the critical values) has all of its zeros equidistributed on the unit circle, provided that $N$ or $w$ are sufficiently large with respect to $d$. These special values have arithmetic s…
We investigate relations between elliptic multiple zeta values and describe a method to derive the number of indecomposable elements of given weight and length. Our method is based on representing elliptic multiple zeta values as iterated integrals over Eisenstein series and exploiting the connection with a special derivation algebra. Its commutator relations give rise to constraints on the iterated integrals over Eisenstein series relevant for elliptic multiple zeta values and thereby allow to count the indecomposable representatives. Conversely, the above connection suggests apparently new r…
In this paper we establish a close connection between three notions at- tached to a modular subgroup. Namely the set of weight two meromorphic modular forms, the set of equivariant functions on the upper half-plane commuting with the action of the modular subgroup and the set of elliptic zeta functions generalizing the Weierstrass zeta functions. In particular, we show that the equivariant functions can be parameterized by modular objects as well as by elliptic objects.
In the theory of elliptic functions and elliptic curves, the Weierstrass $zeta$ function (which is essentially an antiderivative of the Weierstrass $\wp$ function) plays a prominent role. Although it is not an elliptic function, Eisenstein constructed a simple (non-holomorphic) completion of this form which is doubly periodic. This theorem has begun to play an important role in the theory of harmonic Maass forms, and was crucial to work of Guerzhoy as well as Alfes, Griffin, Ono, and the author. In particular, this simple completion of $ζ$ provides a powerful method to construct harmonic Maass…
We investigate iterated integrals on an elliptic curve, which are a natural genus-one generalization of multiple polylogarithms. These iterated integrals coincide with the multiple elliptic polylogarithms introduced by Brown and Levin when constrained to the real line. At unit argument they reduce to an elliptic analogue of multiple zeta values, whose network of relations we start to explore. A simple and natural application of this framework are one-loop scattering amplitudes in open superstring theory. In particular, elliptic multiple zeta values are a suitable language to express their low …
It is known from work of du Sautoy and Grunewald in \cite{duSG1} that the zeta functions counting subgroups of finite index in infinite nilpotent groups depend upon the behaviour of some associated system of algebraic varieties on reduction $\modp.$ Further to this, in \cite{duS3, duS4} du Sautoy constructed a group whose local zeta function was determined by the number of points on the elliptic curve $E:Y^2=X^3-X.$ In this work we generalise du Sautoy\rq s construction to define a class of groups whose local zeta functions are dependent upon the number of points on the reduction of a given el…
Spencer Bloch and the author formulated a general conjecture (Tamagawa number conjecture) on the relation between values of zeta functions of motives and arithmetic groups associated to motives. We discuss this conjecture, and describe some application of the philosophy of the conjecture to the study of elliptic curves.
We relate one-loop scattering amplitudes of massless open- and closed-string states at the level of their low-energy expansion. The modular graph functions resulting from integration over closed-string punctures are observed to follow from symmetrized open-string integrals through a tentative generalization of the single-valued projection known from genus zero.
In this PhD thesis we study holomorphic and non-holomorphic elliptic analogues of multiple zeta values, namely elliptic multiple zeta values and modular graph functions. Both classes of functions have been discovered very recently, and are involved in the computation of genus one superstring amplitudes. In particular, we obtain new results on the asymptotic expansion of these functions that allow us to perform explicit computations and point out analogies between genus zero and genus one amplitudes.
Initially motivated by the relations between Anabelian Geometry and Artin's L-functions of the associated Galois-representations, here we study the list of zeta-functions of genus two abelian coverings of elliptic curves over finite fields. Our goal is to provide a complete description of such a list.
In this paper we shall investigate the problem of the representation of the number of integral points of an elliptic curve modulo a prime number p. We present a way of expressing an exponential sum which involves polynomials of third degree, in explicit non-exponential terms. In the process, we present explicit formulas for the calculation of some series involving the Riemann Zeta function.
In this paper we study a new conjecture concerning Kato's Euler system of zeta elements for elliptic curves $E$ over $\mathbb{Q}$. This conjecture, which we refer to as the `Generalized Perrin-Riou Conjecture', predicts a precise congruence relation between a `Darmon-type derivative' of the zeta element of $E$ over an arbitrary real abelian field and the critical value of an appropriate higher derivative of the $L$-function of $E$ over $\mathbb{Q}$. We prove that the conjecture specializes in the relevant case of analytic rank one to recover Perrin-Riou's conjecture on the logarithm of Kato's …
Brown showed that the affine ring of the motivic path torsor $π_1^{\text{mot}}(\mathbb{P}^1 \backslash \left\{0,1,\infty\right\}, \vec{1}_0, -\vec{1}_1)$, whose periods are multiple zeta values, generates the Tannakian category $\mathsf{MT}(\mathbb{Z})$ of mixed Tate motives over $\mathbb{Z}$. Brown also introduced multiple modular values, which are periods of the relative completion of the fundamental group of the moduli stack $\mathcal{M}_{1,1}$ of elliptic curves. We prove that all motivic multiple zeta values may be expressed as $\mathbb{Q}[2 πi]$-linear combinations of motivic iterated Ei…
Let $X$ be an elliptic curve or a ramifying hyperelliptic curve over $\mathbb F_q$. We will discuss how to factorize the coefficients of the exponential and logarithm series for a Hayes module over such a curve. This allows us to obtain $v$-adic convergence results for such exponential and logarithm series, for $v$ a 'finite' prime. As an application, we can show that the $v$-adic Goss $L$-value $L_v(1, Ψ)$ is log-algebraic for suitable characters $Ψ$.
Seminal works by Birch and Ihara gave formulas for the $m$th power moments of the traces of Frobenius endomorphisms of elliptic curves over $\mathbb{F}_{p}$ for primes $p \geq 5$. Recent works by Kaplan and Petrow generalized these results to the setting of elliptic curves that contain a subgroup isomorphic to a fixed finite abelian group $A$. We revisit these formulas and determine a simple expression for the zeta function $Z_p(A; t)$, the generating function for these $m$th power moments. In particular, we find that \[ Z_p(A;t) = \frac{\widehat{Z}_p(A; t)}{\displaystyle \prod_{a \in \textrm{…
For an elliptic curve $E$ defined over a field $k\subset \mathbb C$, we study iterated path integrals of logarithmic differential forms on $E^\dagger$, the universal vectorial extension of $E$. These are generalizations of the classical periods and quasi-periods of $E$, and are closely related to multiple elliptic polylogarithms and elliptic multiple zeta values. Moreover, if $k$ is a finite extension of $\mathbb Q$, then these iterated integrals along paths between $k$-rational points are periods in the sense of Kontsevich--Zagier.
The non-commutative harmonic oscillator is a $2\times2$-system of harmonic oscillators with a non-trivial correlation. We write down explicitly the special value at $s=2$ of the spectral zeta function of the non-commutative harmonic oscillator in terms of the complete elliptic integral of the first kind, which is a special case of a hypergeometric function.
We study the behaviour near s=1/2 of zeta functions of varieties over finite fields F_q with q a square. The main result is an Euler-characteristic formula for the square of the special value at s=1/2. The Euler-characteristic is constructed from the Weil-etale cohomology of a certain supersingular elliptic curve.
Given an elliptic curve $E$ defined over $\mathbb{C}$, let $E^{\times}$ be an open subset of $E$ obtained by removing a point. In this paper, we show that the $i$-th Betti number of the unordered configuration space $\mathrm{Conf}^{n}(E^{\times})$ of $n$ points on $E^{\times}$ appears as a coefficient of an explicit rational function in two variables. We also compute its Hodge numbers as coefficients of another explicit rational function in four variables. Our result is interesting because these rational functions resemble the generating function of the $\mathbb{F}_{q}$-point counts of $\mathr…
For a lattice Λin the complex plane, let K_Λ be the field of Λ-elliptic functions. For two relatively prime integers p (respectively q) greater than 1, consider the endomorphisms ψ(resp. ϕ) of K_Λ given by multiplication by p (resp. q) on the elliptic curve \mathbb{C}/Λ. We prove that if f (resp. g) are complex Laurent power series that satisfy linear difference equations over K_Λ with respect to ϕ(resp. ψ) then there is a dichotomy. Either, for some sublattice Λ' of Λ, one of f or g belongs to the ring K_{Λ'}[z,z^{-1},ζ(z,Λ')], where ζ(z,Λ') is the Weierstrass zeta function, or f and g are al…
Classically, Euler developed the theory of the Riemann zeta - function using as his starting point the exponential and partial fraction forms of cot(z) . In this paper we wish to develop the theory of $L$-functions of elliptic curves starting from the theory of elliptic functions in an analogous manner.
Let $p\ge5$ be a prime and $T$ a Kodaira type of the special fiber of an elliptic curve. We estimate the number of elliptic curves over $\mathbb Q$ up to height $X$ with Kodaira type $T$ at $p$. This enables us find the proportion of elliptic curves over $\mathbb Q$, when ordered by height, with Kodaira type $T$ at a prime $p\ge5$ inside the set of all elliptic curves. This proportion is a rational function in $p$. For instance, we show that $\displaystyle\frac{p^8(p-1)}{p^9-1}$ of all elliptic curves with bad reduction at $p$ are of multiplicative reduction. Furthermore, we prove that the pri…
We relate the low-energy expansions of world-sheet integrals in genus-one amplitudes of open- and closed-string states. The respective expansion coefficients are elliptic multiple zeta values in the open-string case and non-holomorphic modular forms dubbed "modular graph forms" for closed strings. By inspecting the differential equations and degeneration limits of suitable generating series of genus-one integrals, we identify formal substitution rules mapping the elliptic multiple zeta values of open strings to the modular graph forms of closed strings. Based on the properties of these rules, …
We define a generalisation of the completed Riemann zeta function in several complex variables. It satisfies a functional equation, shuffle product identities, and has simple poles along finitely many hyperplanes, with a recursive structure on its residues. The special case of two variables can be written as a partial Mellin transform of a real analytic Eisenstein series, which enables us to relate its values at pairs of positive even points to periods of (simple extensions of symmetric powers of the cohomology of) the CM elliptic curve corresponding to the Gaussian integers. In general, the t…
We present a deterministic algorithm that computes the zeta function of a nonsupersingular elliptic curve E over a finite field with p^n elements in time quasi-quadratic in n. An older algorithm having the same time complexity uses the canonical lift of E, whereas our algorithm uses rigid cohomology combined with a deformation approach. An implementation in small odd characteristic turns out to give very good results.
