In this paper we introduce a new class of domains -- log-type convex domains, which have no boundary regularity assumptions. Then we will localize the Kobayashi metric in log-type convex subdomains. As an application, we prove a local version of continuous extension of rough isometric maps between two bounded domains with log-type convex Dini-smooth boundary points. Moreover we prove that the Teichmüller space $\mathcal T_{g,n}$ is not biholomorphic to any bounded pseudoconvex domain in $\mathbb C^{3g-3+n}$ which is locally log-type convex near some boundary point.
In this article, we prove localization results for the Kobayashi distance of Kobayashi hyperbolic domains with local visibility property in $\mathbb{C}^d$, $d \geq 1$. This is done by proving a localization result for the Kobayashi-Royden pseudometric, along with some other results for domains satisfying local weak visibility.
In this paper, we estimate the boundary behavior of the Sibony metric near a pseudoconcave boundary point. We show that the metric blows up at a different rate than the Kobayashi metric.
Caratheodory's and Kobayashi's metrics on Teichmueller spaces of dimension two or more are never equal in the direction of any tangent vector defined by a separating cylindrical differential
We study the Carathéodory and Kobayashi metrics by way of the method of dual extremal problems in functional analysis. Particularly incisive results are obtained for convex domains.
We study extremal discs for the Kobayashi metric. Inspired by work of Lempert on strongly convex domains, we present results on strongly pseudoconvex domains. We also consider a useful biholomorphic invariant, inspired by the Kobayashi (and Carathéodory) metric, and prove several new results about biholomorphic equivalence of domains. Some useful results about automorphism groups of complex domains are also established.
In this paper, we construct a pseudoconvex domain in $\mathbb C^3$ where the Kobayashi metric does not blow up at a rate of one over distance to the boundary in the normal direction.
In the paper we give some necessary conditions for a mapping to be a $κ$-geodesic in non-convex complex ellipsoids. Using these results we calculate explicitly the Kobayashi metric in the ellipsoids $\{|z_1|^2+|z_2|^{2m}<1\}\subset\bold C^2$, where $m<\frac12$.
In this paper, we calculate estimates for invariant metrics on a finite type convex domain in $\mathbb C^n$ using the Sibony metric. We also discuss a possible modification of the Sibony metric.
The Caratheodory and Kobayashi metrics have proved to be important tools in the function theory of several complex variables. But they are less familiar in the context of one complex variable. Our purpose here is to gather in one place the basic ideas about these important invariant metrics for domains in the plane and to provide some illuminating examples and applications.
In this paper we give an local estimate for the Kobayashi distance on a bounded convex domain of finite type, which relates to a local pseudodistance near the boundary. The estimate is precise up to a bounded additive term. Also we conclude that the domain equipped with the Kobayashi distance is Gromov hyperbolic which gives another proof of the result of Zimmer.
Let $(Ω,K_Ω)$ be a convex domain in $\mathbb C^d$ with the Kobayashi metric $K_Ω$. In this paper we prove that $m$-convexity is a necessary condition for $(Ω, K_Ω)$ to be CAT(0) if $d=2$. Moreover, when $Ω\subset \mathbb{C}^d, \: d\geq3$, we obtain a similar result with the further smoothness assumption on its boundary.
Let D be a smooth relatively compact and strictly J-pseudoconvex domain in a four dimensional almost complex manifold (M,J). We give sharp estimates of the Kobayashi metric. Our approach is based on an asymptotic quantitative description of both the domain D and the almost complex structure J near a boundary point. Following Z.M.Balogh and M.Bonk, these sharp estimates provide the Gromov hyperbolicity of the domain D.
The Ricci curvature of the Bergman metric on a bounded domain $D\subset \mathbb{C}^n$ is strictly bounded above by $n+1$ and consequently $\log (K_D^{n+1}g_{B,D})$, where $K_D$ is the Bergman kernel for $D$ on the diagonal and $g_{B, D}$ is the Riemannian volume element of the Bergman metric on $D$, is the potential for a Kähler metric on $D$ known as the Kobayashi--Fuks metric. In this note we study the localization of this metric near holomorphic peak points and also show that this metric shares several properties with the Bergman metric on strongly pseudoconvex domains.
Under a potential-theoretical hypothesis named $f$-Property with $f$ satisfying $\displaystyle\int_t^\infty \dfrac{da}{a f(a)}<\infty$, we show that the Kobayashi metric $K(z,X)$ on a weakly pseudoconvex domain $\Om$, satisfies the estimate $K(z,X)\ge Cg(δ_\Om(x)^{-1})|X|$ for any $X\in T^{1,0}\Om$ where $(g(t))^{-1}$ denotes the above integral and $δ_\Om(z)$ is the distance from $z$ to $b\Om$.
The Schwarz lemma as one of the most influential results in complex analysis and it has a great impact to the development of several research fields, such as geometric function theory, hyperbolic geometry, complex dynamical systems, and theory of quasi-conformal mappings. In this note we mainly consider various version of Schwarz lemma and its relatives related to holomorphic functions including several variables.
The purpose of this article is to consider two themes both of which emanate from and involve the Kobayashi and the Carathéodory metric. First we study the biholomorphic invariant introduced by B. Fridman on strongly pseudoconvex domains, on weakly pseudoconvex domains of finite type in $\mathbf C^2$ and on convex finite type domains in $\mathbf C^n$ using the scaling method. Applications include an alternate proof of the Wong-Rosay theorem, a characterization of analytic polyhedra with noncompact automorphism group when the orbit accumulates at a singular boundary point and a description of th…
We present a form of Schwarz's lemma for holomorphic maps between convex domains $D_1$ and $D_2$. This result provides a lower bound on the distance between the images of relatively compact subsets of $D_1$ and the boundary of $D_2$. This is a natural improvement of an old estimate by Bernal-González that takes into account the geometry of $\partial{D_1}$. Using similar techniques, we also provide a new estimate for the Kobayashi metric on bounded convex domains.
We review some recent results on existence and regularity of Monge-Ampère exhaustions on the smoothly bounded strongly pseudoconvex domains, which admit at least one such exhaustion of sufficiently high regularity. A main consequence of our results is the fact that the Kobayashi pseudo-metric k on an appropriare open subset of each of the above domains is actually a smooth Finsler metric. The class of domains to which our result apply is very large. It includes for instance all smoothly bounded strongly pseudoconvex complete circular domains and all their sufficiently small deformations.
In this paper we study the global geometry of the Kobayashi metric on "convex" sets. We provide new examples of non-Gromov hyperbolic domains in $\mathbb{C}^n$ of many kinds: pseudoconvex and non-pseudocon \newline -vex, bounded and unbounded. Our first aim is to prove that if $Ω$ is a bounded weakly linearly convex domain in $\mathbb{C}^n,\,n\geq 2,$ and $S$ is an affine complex hyperplane intersecting $Ω,$ then the domain $Ω\setminus S$ endowed with the Kobayashi metric is not Gromov hyperbolic (Theorem 1.3). Next we localize this result on Kobayashi hyperbolic convex domains. Namely, we sho…
We prove an effective version of a theorem of Dufresnoy: For any set of 2n+1 hyperplanes in general position in n-dimensional complex projective space, we find an explicit constant K such that for every holomorphic map f from the unit disc to the complement of these hyperplanes, the derivative of f at the origin measured with respect to the Fubuni-Study metric is bouned above by K. This result gives an explicit lower bound on the Royden function, i.e., the ratio of the Kobayashi metric on the hyperplane complement to the Fubini-Study metric. Our estimate is based on the potential-theoretic met…
This article considers isometries of the Kobayashi and Carathéod-ory metrics on domains in $ \mathbf{C}^n $ and the extent to which they behave like holomorphic mappings. First we prove a metric version of Poincaré's theorem about biholomorphic inequivalence of $ \mathbf{B}^n $, the unit ball in $ \mathbf{C}^n $ and $ Δ^n $, the unit polydisc in $ \mathbf{C}^n $ and then provide few examples which \textit{suggest} that $ \mathbf{B}^n $ cannot be mapped isometrically onto a product domain. In addition, we prove several results on continuous extension of isometries $ f : D_1 \rightarrow D_2 $ to…
We construct an unbounded strictly pseudoconvex Kobayashi hyperbolic and complete domain in $\mathbb{C}^2$, which also possesses complete Bergman metric, but has no nonconstant bounded holomorphic functions.
We prove that for a pseudoconvex domain of the form $\mathfrak{A} = \{(z, w) \in \mathbb C^2 : v > F(z, u)\}$, where $w = u + iv$ and F is a continuous function on ${\mathbb C}_z \times {\mathbb R}_u$, the following conditions are equivalent: (1) The domain $\mathfrak{A}$ is Kobayashi hyperbolic. (2) The domain $\mathfrak{A}$ is Brody hyperbolic. (3) The domain $\mathfrak{A}$ possesses a Bergman metric. (4) The domain $\mathfrak{A}$ possesses a bounded smooth strictly plurisubharmonic function, i.e. the core $\mathfrak{c}(\mathfrak{A})$ of $\mathfrak{A}$ is empty. (5) The graph $Γ(F)$ of $F$ c…
We construct families of convex domains that are biholomorphic to bounded domains, but not bounded convex domains. This is accomplished by finding an obstruction related to the Gromov hyperbolicity of the Kobayashi metric.
In this paper we prove necessary and sufficient conditions for the Kobayashi metric on a convex domain to be Gromov hyperbolic. In particular we show that for convex domains with $C^\infty$ boundary being of finite type in the sense of D'Angelo is equivalent to the Gromov hyperbolicity of the Kobayashi metric. We also show that bounded domains which are locally convexifiable and have finite type in the sense of D'Angelo have Gromov hyperbolic Kobayashi metric. The proofs use ideas from the theory of the Hilbert metric.
We prove that every bounded strictly $J$-convex region equipped with the Kobayashi metric is hyperbolic in the sense of Gromov. We apply this result to the study of the dynamics of pseudo-holomorphic maps.
After a study of the Kobayashi metrics on certain scaled domains, we show the stabilities of the infinitesimal Kobayashi metrics and the integrated distances in different scaling processes. As an application, we prove that bounded pseudo-convex domains of finite type where the Levi form of every boundary point has corank one are Gromov hyperbolic with respect to the Kobayashi metric. The results in this note generalize Zimmer's and Fiacchi's related works on Gromov hyperbolicity of weakly pseudo-convex domains.
In this paper we study the global geometry of the Kobayashi metric on domains in complex Euclidean space. We are particularly interested in developing necessary and sufficient conditions for the Kobayashi metric to be Gromov hyperbolic. For general domains, it has been suggested that a non-trivial complex affine disk in the boundary is an obstruction to Gromov hyperbolicity. This is known to be the case when the set in question is convex. In this paper we first extend this result to $\mathbb{C}$-convex sets with $C^1$-smooth boundary. We will then show that some boundary regularity is necessar…
We establish a lower estimate for the Kobayashi-Royden infinitesimal pseudometric on an almost complex manifold $(M,J)$ admitting a bounded strictly plurisubharmonic function. We apply this result to study the boundary behaviour of the metric on a strictly pseudoconvex domain in $M$ and to give a sufficient condition for the complete hyperbolicity of a domain in $(M,J)$. Finally we obtain the regularity up to the bounday of $J$-holomorphic discs attached to a totally real submanifold in $M$.
We show that if the Kobayashi--Royden metric of a complex manifold is continuous and positive at a given point and any non-zero tangent vector, then the "derivatives" of the higher order Lempert functions exist and equal the respective Kobayashi metrics at the point. It is a generalization of a result by M. Kobayashi for taut manifolds.
Let $D\subset \mathbb C^n$ be a bounded domain. A pair of distinct boundary points $\{p,q\}$ of $D$ has the visibility property provided there exist a compact subset $K_{p,q}\subset D$ and open neighborhoods $U_p$ of $p$ and $U_q$ of $q$, such that the real geodesics for the Kobayashi metric of $D$ which join points in $U_p$ and $U_q$ intersect $K_{p,q}$. Every Gromov hyperbolic convex domain enjoys the visibility property for any couple of boundary points. The Goldilocks domains introduced by Bharali and Zimmer and the log-type domains of Liu and Wang also enjoy the visibility property. In th…
This paper gives an explicit formula of the asymptotic expansion of the Kobayashi-Royden metric on the punctured sphere $\mathbb{CP}^1\backslash\{0,1,\infty\}$ in terms of the exponential Bell polynomials. We prove a local quantitative version of the Little Picard's theorem as an application of the asymptotic expansion. Meanwhile, the approach in the paper leads to the conclusion that the coefficients in the asymptotic expansion are rational numbers. Furthermore, the explicit metric formula and the conclusion regarding the coefficients apply to a more general case as well, the metric on $\math…
In this paper we establish Gehring-Hayman type theorems for some complex domains. Suppose that $Ω\subset \mathbb{C}^n$ is a bounded $m$-convex domain with Dini-smooth boundary, or a bounded strongly pseudoconvex domain with $C^2$-smooth boundary. Then we prove that the Euclidean length of Kobayashi geodesic $[x,y]$ in $Ω$ is less than $c_1|x-y|^{c_2}$. Furthermore, if $Ω$ endowed with the Kobayashi metric is Gromov hyperbolic, then we can generalize this result to quasi-geodesics with respect to Bergman metric, Carathéodory metric or Kähler-Einstein metric. As applications, we prove the bi-Höl…
Optimal Linear Dependence on Boundary Type for Local Gromov Hyperbolicity of the Kobayashi Metric
School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications（北京邮电大学理学院）；Key Laboratory of Mathematics and Information Networks (Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications), Ministry of Education, China（教育部数学与信息网络重点实验室（北京邮电大学））
We construct a convex and strongly pseudoconvex Kobayashi positive Finsler metric on a vector bundle $E$ under the assumption that the symmetric power of the dual $S^kE^*$ has a Griffiths negative $L^2$-metric for some $k$. The proof relies on the negativity of direct image bundles and the Minkowski inequality for norms. As a corollary, we show that given a strongly pseudoconvex Kobayashi positive Finsler metric, one can upgrade to a \textit{convex} Finsler metric with the same property. We also give an extremal characterization of Kobayashi curvature for Finsler metrics.
Let $D \subset \mathbb{C}^n$ be a smoothly bounded pseudoconvex Levi corank one domain with defining function $r$, i.e., the Levi form $\partial \bar {\partial} r$ of the boundary $\partial D$ has at least $(n - 2)$ positive eigenvalues everywhere on $\partial D$. The main goal of this article is to obtain a lower bound for the Carathéodory, Kobayashi and the Bergman distance between a given pair of points $p, q \in D$ in terms of parameters that reflect the Levi geometry of $\partial D$ and the distance of these points to the boundary. Applications include an understanding of Fridman's invari…
We estimate the boundary behavior of the Kobayashi metric on $\C\sm\set{0,1}$. We also compare the Bergman metric on the ring domain in $\C^{2}$ to the Bergman metric on the ball.
