We establish a lower estimate for the Kobayashi-Royden infinitesimal pseudometric on an almost complex manifold $(M,J)$ admitting a bounded strictly plurisubharmonic function. We apply this result to study the boundary behaviour of the metric on a strictly pseudoconvex domain in $M$ and to give a sufficient condition for the complete hyperbolicity of a domain in $(M,J)$. Finally we obtain the regularity up to the bounday of $J$-holomorphic discs attached to a totally real submanifold in $M$.
We determine all connected homogeneous Kobayashi-hyperbolic manifolds of dimension $n\ge 2$ whose holomorphic automorphism group has dimension $n^2-2$. This result complements an existing classification for automorphism group dimension $n^2-1$ and greater obtained without the homogeneity assumption.
We prove that every bounded strictly $J$-convex region equipped with the Kobayashi metric is hyperbolic in the sense of Gromov. We apply this result to the study of the dynamics of pseudo-holomorphic maps.
We determine all connected homogeneous Kobayashi-hyperbolic manifolds of dimension $n\ge 2$ whose holomorphic automorphism group has dimension $n^2-3$. This result complements existing classifications for automorphism group dimension $n^2-2$ (which is in some sense critical) and greater.
We classify all homogeneous Kobayashi-hyperbolic manifolds of dimension $n \ge 2$ whose group of holomorphic automorphisms has dimension either $n^2 - 7$ or $n^2 - 8.$ This paper continues the work of A. Isaev, who classified all such manifolds with automorphism group dimension $n^2 - 6$ and greater.
We determine all connected homogeneous Kobayashi-hyperbolic manifolds of dimension $n\ge 4$ whose group of holomorphic automorphisms has dimension either $n^2-4$, or $n^2-5$, or $n^2-6$. This paper continues a series of articles that achieve classifications for automorphism group dimension $n^2-3$ and greater.
In this paper we extend the notion of the Kobayashi-Royden pseudonorm for almost complex manifolds. Its basic properties known from the complex analysis are preserved in the nonintegrable case as well. The main theorem on coincidence of the pseudodistance induced by this pseudonorm with the Kobayashi pseudodistance for the almost complex manifold is equivalent to the possibility of deforming slightly a pseudoholomorphic disk in an almost complex manifold. We also describe the result in terms of h-principle and consider a geometric application for moduli spaces of pseudoholomorphic curves.
We prove the Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence and the approximate Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence for twisted holomorphic vector bundles on compact Kähler manifolds. More precisely, if $X$ is a compact manifold and $g$ is a Gauduchon metric on $X$, a twisted holomorphic vector bundle on $X$ is $g-$polystable if and only if it is $g-$Hermite-Einstein, and if $X$ is a compact Kähler manifold and $g$ is a Kähler metric on $X$, then a twisted holomorphic vector bundle on $X$ is $g-$semistable if and only if it is approximate $g-$Hermite-Einstein.
It is proved that all invariant functions of a complex Finsler manifold can be totally recovered from the torsion and curvature of the connection introduced by Kobayashi for holomorphic vector bundles with complex Finsler structures. Equations of the geodesics and Jacobi fields of a generic complex Finsler manifold, expressed by means Kobayashi's connection, are also derived.
We prove some generalizations and analogies of Harnack inequalities for pluriharmonic, holomorphic and "almost holomorphic" functions. The results are applied to the proving of smoothness properties of holomorphic motions over almost complex manifolds.
Let D be a smooth relatively compact and strictly J-pseudoconvex domain in a four dimensional almost complex manifold (M,J). We give sharp estimates of the Kobayashi metric. Our approach is based on an asymptotic quantitative description of both the domain D and the almost complex structure J near a boundary point. Following Z.M.Balogh and M.Bonk, these sharp estimates provide the Gromov hyperbolicity of the domain D.
Let $M$ be a Kobayashi hyperbolic homogenous manifold. Let $\mathcal F$ be a holomorphic foliation on $M$ invariant under a transitive group $G$ of biholomorphisms. We prove that the leaves of $\mathcal F$ are the fibers of a holomorphic $G$-equivariant submersion $π\colon M \to N$ onto a $G$-homogeneous complex manifold $N$. We also show that if $\mathcal Q$ is an automorphism family of a hyperbolic convex (possibly unbounded) domain $D$ in $\mathbb C^n$, then the fixed point set of $\mathcal Q$ is either empty or a connected complex submanifold of $D$.
If $X$ is an almost complex manifold, with an almost complex structure $J$ of class $\CC^α$, for some $α>0$, for every point $p\in X$ and every tangent vector $V$ at $p$, there exists a germ of $J$-holomorphic disc through $p$ with this prescribed tangent vector. This existence result goes back to Nijenhuis-Woolf. All the $J$ holomorphic curves are of class $\CC^{1,α}$ in this case. Then, exactly as for complex manifolds one can define the Royden-Kobayashi pseudo-norm of tangent vectors. The question arises whether this pseudo-norm is an upper semi-continuous function on the tangent bundle. Fo…
In this paper we prove that every quasi-projective base space $V$ of smooth family of minimal projective manifolds with maximal variation is pseudo Kobayashi hyperbolic, i.e. $V$ is Kobayashi hyperbolic modulo a proper subvariety $Z\subsetneq V$. In particular, $V$ is algebraically degenerate, that is, every nonconstant entire curve $f:\mathbb{C}\to V$ has image $f(\mathbb{C})$ which lies in that proper subvariety $Z\subsetneq V$. As a direct consequence, we prove the Brody hyperbolicity of moduli spaces of minimal projective manifolds, which answers a question by Viehweg-Zuo in 2003.
In this paper, we generalize the Kobayashi pseudo-distance to complex manifolds which admit holomorphic bracket generating distributions. The generalization is based on Chow's theorem in sub-Riemannian geometry. Let G be a linear semisimple Lie group. For a complex $G$-homogeneous manifold M with a G-invariant holomorphic bracket generating distribution D, we prove that (M,D) is Kobayashi hyperbolic if and only if the universal covering of M is a canonical flag domain and the induced distribution is the superhorizontal distribution.
Let D be a J-pseudoconvex region in a smooth almost complex manifold (M,J) of real dimension four. We construct a local peak J-plurisubharmonic function at every boundary point p of finite D'Angelo type. As applications we give local estimates of the Kobayashi pseudometric, implying the local Kobayashi hyperbolicity of D at p. In case the point p is of D'Angelo type less than or equal to four, or the approach is nontangential, we provide sharp estimates of the Kobayashi pseudometric.
We prove a very general Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence on arbitrary compact Hermitian manifolds. This correspondence refers to moduli spaces of "universal holomorphic oriented pairs". Most of the classical moduli problems in complex geometry (e. g. holomorphic bundles with reductive structure groups, holomorphic pairs, holomorphic Higgs pairs, Witten triples, arbitrary quiver moduli problems) are special cases of this universal classification problem. Our Kobayashi-Hitchin correspondence relates the complex geometric concept "polystable oriented holomorphic pair" to the existence of a reduct…
In this short note, we prove that a complex Finsler vector bundle with positive Kobayashi curvature must be ample, which partially solves a problem of S. Kobayashi posed in 1975. As applications, a strongly pseudoconvex complex Finsler manifold with positive Kobayashi curvature must be biholomorphic to the complex projective space; we also show that all Schur polynomials are numerically positive for complex Finsler vector bundles with positive Kobayashi curvature.
We obtain a complete classification of complex Kobayashi-hyperbolic manifolds of dimension $n\ge 2$, for which the dimension of the group of holomorphic automorphisms is equal to $n^2$.
This survey article mainly addresses to graduate students and young researchers in complex geometry willing to enter the beautiful word of connections between curvature and Kobayashi hyperbolicity. It is a detailed account of a recent breakthrough by Wu and Yau, shortly after generalized by Tosatti and Yang (and others), which sits on the crossroad between complex differential geometry and Kobayashi hyperbolicity. More specifically, an old conjecture by Kobayashi, stated at the very beginning of the theory, predicts that a compact hyperbolic manifold should have ample canonical bundle. Now, on…
Using generalized Riemann maps, normal forms for almost complex domains (D, J) with singular foliations by stationary disks are defined. Such normal forms are used to construct counterexamples and to determine intrinsic conditions, under which the stationary disks are extremal disks for the Kobayashi metric or determine solutions to almost complex Monge-Ampere equation.
We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the smooth extension of a diffeomorphism between smooth strictly pseudoconvex domains in four real dimensional almost complex manifolds. The proof is mainly based on a reflection principle for pseudoholomorphic discs, on precise estimates of the Kobayashi-Royden infinitesimal pseudometric and on the scaling method in almost complex manifolds.
These are the notes of a short course I gave in the school "Aspects métriques et dynamiques en analyse complete", Lille, May 2015. The aim of this notes is to describe how to use a geometric structure (namely, the Kobayashi distance) to explore and encode analytic properties of holomorphic functions and maps defined on complex manifolds. We shall first describe the main properties of the Kobayashi distance, and then we shall present applications to holomorphic dynamics in taut manifolds, strongly pseudo convex domains and convex domains, and to operator theory in Bergman spaces (Carleson measu…
We show that if the Kobayashi--Royden metric of a complex manifold is continuous and positive at a given point and any non-zero tangent vector, then the "derivatives" of the higher order Lempert functions exist and equal the respective Kobayashi metrics at the point. It is a generalization of a result by M. Kobayashi for taut manifolds.
In the paper we study properties of symmetric powers of complex manifolds. We investigate a number of function theoretic properties (e. g. (quasi) $c$-finite compactness, existence of peak functions) that are preserved by taking the symmetric power. The case of symmetric products of planar domains is studied in a more detailed way. In particular, a complete description of the Carathéodory and Kobayashi hyperbolicity and Kobayashi completeness in that class of domains is presented.
We consider complex Kobayashi-hyperbolic manifolds of dimension $n\ge 2$ for which the dimension of the group of holomorphic automorphisms is equal to $n^2-1$. We give a complete classification of such manifolds for $n\ge 3$ and discuss several examples for $n=2$.
In this paper we determine all Kobayashi-hyperbolic 2-dimensional complex manifolds for which the group of holomorphic automorphisms has dimension 3. This work concludes a recent series of papers by the author on the classification of hyperbolic $n$-dimensional manifolds, with automorphism group of dimension at least $n^2-1$, where $n\ge 2$.
In this paper we study when the Kobayashi distance on a Kobayashi hyperbolic domain has certain visibility properties, with a focus on unbounded domains. "Visibility" in this context is reminiscent of visibility, seen in negatively curved Riemannian manifolds, in the sense of Eberlein-O'Neill. However, we do not assume that the domains studied are Cauchy-complete with respect to the Kobayashi distance, as this is hard to establish for domains in $\mathbb{C}^d$, $d \geq 2$. We study the various ways in which this property controls the boundary behavior of holomorphic maps. Among these results i…
Let $M$ be a complex manifold which admits an exhaustion by open subsets $M_j$ each of which is biholomorphic to a fixed domain $Ω\subset \mathbb C^n$. The main question addressed here is to describe $M$ in terms of $Ω$. Building on work of Fornaess--Sibony, we study two cases namely, $M$ is Kobayashi hyperbolic and the other being the corank one case in which the Kobayashi metric degenerates along one direction. When $M$ is Kobayashi hyperbolic, its complete description is obtained when $Ω$ is one of the following domains -- (i) a smoothly bounded Levi corank one domain, (ii) a smoothly bound…
In this paper we prove: if a bounded domain with $C^2$ boundary covers a manifold which has finite volume with respect to either the Bergman volume, the Kähler-Einstein volume, or the Kobayashi-Eisenman volume, then the domain is biholomorphic to the unit ball. This answers an old question of Yau. Further, when the domain is convex we can assume that the boundary only has $C^{1,ε}$ regularity.
We explicitly classify all pairs $(M,G)$, where $M$ is a connected complex manifold of dimension $n\ge 2$ and $G$ is a connected Lie group acting properly and effectively on $M$ by holomorphic transformations and having dimension $d_G$ satisfying $n^2+2\le d_G<n^2+2n$. These results extend -- in the complex case -- the classical description of manifolds admitting proper actions of groups of sufficiently high dimensions. They also generalize some of the author's earlier work on Kobayashi-hyperbolic manifolds with high-dimensional holomorphic automorphism group.
We prove that a complete Kähler manifold with holomorphic curvature bounded between two negative constants admits a unique complete Kähler-Einstein metric. We also show this metric and the Kobayashi-Royden metric are both uniformly equivalent to the background Kähler metric. Furthermore, all three metrics are shown to be uniformly equivalent to the Bergman metric, if the complete Kähler manifold is simply-connected, with the sectional curvature bounded between two negative constants. In particular, we confirm two conjectures of R. E. Greene and H. Wu posted in 1979.
In this paper we study the following "slice rigidity property": given two Kobayashi complete hyperbolic manifolds $M, N$ and a collection of complex geodesics $\mathcal F$ of $M$, when is it true that every holomorphic map $F:M\to N$ which maps isometrically every complex geodesic of $\mathcal F$ onto a complex geodesic of $N$ is a biholomorphism? Among other things, we prove that this is the case if $M, N$ are smooth bounded strictly (linearly) convex domains, every element of $\mathcal F$ contains a given point of $\overline{M}$ and $\mathcal F$ spans all of $M$. More general results are pro…
Very recently, the Fridman function of a complex manifold $X$ has been identified as a dual of the squeezing function of $X$. In this paper, we prove that the Fridman function for certain hyperbolic complex manifold $X$ is bounded above by the injectivity radius function of $X$. This result also suggests us to use the Fridman function to extend the definition of uniform thickness to higher-dimensional hyperbolic complex manifolds. We also establish an expression for the Fridman function (with respect to the Kobayashi metric) when $X = \mathbb{D} \diagup Γ$ and $Γ$ is a torsion-free discrete su…
We show that there does not exist a Kobayashi hyperbolic complex manifold of dimension $n\ne 3$, whose group of holomorphic automorphisms has dimension $n^2+1$ and that, if a 3-dimensional connected hyperbolic complex manifold has automorphism group of dimension 10, then it is holomorphically equivalent to the Siegel space. These results complement earlier theorems of the authors on the possible dimensions of automorphism groups of domains in comlex space. The paper also contains a proof of our earlier result on characterizing $n$-dimensional hyperbolic complex manifolds with automorphism grou…
Oka manifolds can be viewed as the "opposite" of Kobayashi hyperbolic manifolds. Kobayashi asked whether the complement in projective space of a generic hypersurface of sufficiently high degree is hyperbolic. Therefore it is natural to investigate Oka properties of complements of low degree hypersurfaces. We determine which complements of hyperplane arrangements in projective space are Oka. A related question is which hypersurfaces in affine space have Oka complements. We give some results for graphs of meromorphic functions.
We prove that pseudo-holomorphic discs attached to a maximal totally real submanifold inherit their regularity from the regularity of the submanifold and of the almost complex structure. The proof is based on the computation of an explicit lower bound for the Kobayashi metric in almost complex manifolds, which also yields explicit estimates of Hölderian norms of such discs.
In this paper, we prove the Kobayashi hyperbolicity of the coarse moduli spaces of canonically polarized or polarized Calabi-Yau manifolds in the sense of complex $V$-spaces (a generalization of complex $V$-manifolds in the sense of Satake). As an application, we prove the following hyperbolic version of Campana's isotriviality conjecture: for the smooth family of canonically polarized or polarized Calabi-Yau manifolds, when the Kobayashi pseudo-distance of the base vanishes identically, the family must be isotrivial, that is, any two fibers are isomorphic. We also prove that for the smooth pr…
We show that any compact almost-complex manifold of complex dimension m can be pseudo-holomorphically embedded in R^(6m) equipped with a suitable almost-complex structure.
We prove that if a smoothly bounded strongly pseudoconvex domain $D \subset \mathbb C^n$, $n \geq 2$, admits at least one Monge-Ampère exhaustion smooth up to the boundary (i.e. a plurisubharmonic exhaustion $τ: \overline D \to [0,1]$, which is $\mathcal C^\infty$ at all points except possibly at the unique minimum point $x$ and with $u := \log τ$ satisfying the homogeneous complex Monge-Ampère equation), then there exists a bounded open neighborhood $\mathcal U\subset D$ of the minimum point $x$, such that for each $y \in \mathcal U$ there exists a Monge-Ampère exhaustion with minimum at $y$.…
We characterize infinitesimal generators on complete hyperbolic complex manifolds without any regularity assumption on the Kobayashi distance. This allows to prove a general Loewner type equation with regularity of any order $d\in [1,+\infty ]$. Finally, based on these results, we focus on some open problems naturally arising.
For a strongly pseudo-convex complex Finsler manifold M, a bundle U of adapted unitary frames is canonically defined. A non-linear Hermitian connection on U, invariant under local biholomorphic isometries, is given and it proved to be unique. By means of such connection, an absolute parallelism on U is determined and a new set of structure functions which generate all the isometric invariants of a Finsler metric is obtained. A pseudo-convex complex Finsler manifolds M, which admits a totally geodesic complex curve with a given constant holomorphic sectional curvature through any point and any …
We study the compactness of sequences of diffeomorphisms in almost complex manifolds in terms of the direct images of the standard integrable structure.
