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arXiv 2003.02713cond-mat.quant-gas
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二维费米气体中的声传播和量子限制阻尼

Sound propagation and quantum limited damping in a two-dimensional Fermi gas

Markus Bohlen, Lennart Sobirey, Niclas Luick, Hauke Biss, Tilman Enss, Thomas Lompe, Henning Moritz

摘要:

强相互作用的二维费米系统是多体物理学中最大的挑战之一,这是由于强局域关联和增强的长程涨落的相互作用。在这里,我们探测的热力学和输运性质的二维费米气体通过BEC-BCS交叉研究的传播和阻尼的声音模式。我们激发粒子流的印记上的一个相位阶跃均匀费米气体被困在一个盒子的潜力和提取的声速的频率产生的密度振荡。我们测量的声速跨越BEC-BCS交叉和比较所得到的动态测量的状态方程的静态测量的基础上记录密度分布和量子蒙特卡罗计算,并找到合理的协议之间的所有三个。我们还测量了声音模式的阻尼,这是由剪切和体积粘度以及气体的热导率。我们发现,阻尼是最小的强相互作用制度和扩散率接近普适量子约束$\hbar/m$的理想流体。

英文摘要:

Strongly interacting two-dimensional Fermi systems are one of the great remaining challenges in many-body physics due to the interplay of strong local correlations and enhanced long-range fluctuations. Here, we probe the thermodynamic and transport properties of a 2D Fermi gas across the BEC-BCS crossover by studying the propagation and damping of sound modes. We excite particle currents by imprinting a phase step onto homogeneous Fermi gases trapped in a box potential and extract the speed of sound from the frequency of the resulting density oscillations. We measure the speed of sound across the BEC-BCS crossover and compare the resulting dynamic measurement of the equation of state both to a static measurement based on recording density profiles and to Quantum Monte Carlo calculations and find reasonable agreement between all three. We also measure the damping of the sound mode, which is determined by the shear and bulk viscosities as well as the thermal conductivity of the gas. We find that the damping is minimal in the strongly interacting regime and the diffusivity approaches the universal quantum bound $\hbar/m$ of a perfect fluid.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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