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arXiv 2009.06491cond-mat.quant-gas
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二维费米超流体中第一和第二声的传播

Propagation of first and second sound in a two-dimensional Fermi superfluid

A. Tononi, A. Cappellaro, G. Bighin, L. Salasnich

摘要:

声传播是流体平衡热力学和动力学输运性质相互作用的宏观表现。在这里,对于一个二维系统的超冷费米子,我们计算的第一和第二声速在整个BCS-BEC交叉,我们分析了系统响应外部扰动。在低温制度,我们重现最近的测量[物理学评论快报。{ \bf 124},240403(2020)]的第一声速,由于密度和熵波动的解耦,其是由密度探针激发的唯一模式。相反,热扰动只激发第二种声音,它对超流体的耗尽很敏感,在深BCS区消失,并在Berezinskiii-Kosterlitz-无超流体跃迁时不连续地跳到零。模式之间的混合只发生在有限温度的BEC制度,我们的理论收敛到纯玻色子的结果。

英文摘要:

Sound propagation is a macroscopic manifestation of the interplay between the equilibrium thermodynamics and the dynamical transport properties of fluids. Here, for a two-dimensional system of ultracold fermions, we calculate the first and second sound velocities across the whole BCS-BEC crossover and we analyze the system response to an external perturbation. In the low-temperature regime we reproduce the recent measurements [Phys Rev. Lett. {\bf 124}, 240403 (2020)] of the first sound velocity, which, due to the decoupling of density and entropy fluctuations, is the sole mode excited by a density probe. Conversely, a heat perturbation excites only the second sound, which, being sensitive to the superfluid depletion, vanishes in the deep BCS regime, and jumps discontinuously to zero at the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless superfluid transition. A mixing between the modes occurs only in the finite-temperature BEC regime, where our theory converges to the purely bosonic results.

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