arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2003.06847cond-mat.quant-gasphysics.atom-ph
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BEC-BCS分频器的第二个声音

Second sound in the BEC-BCS crossover

Daniel Kai Hoffmann, Vijay Pal Singh, Thomas Paintner, Manuel Jäger, Wolfgang Limmer, Ludwig Mathey, Johannes Hecker Denschlag

摘要:

第二种声音是在量子液体的超流成分中传播的熵波。因为它是熵波,所以它探测量子液体的热力学性质,这些性质是确定的,例如,量子液体的粒子之间的相互作用强度和它们的温度。在这里,我们研究的第二声传播的大范围内的交叉之间的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)和巴丁-库珀-施里弗(BCS)超流体的相互作用强度。特别是,我们调查强相互作用的制度,目前的理论预测只存在于BEC,BCS和统一制度之间的插值。工作与超冷费米$^6$锂原子的量子气体与可调的相互作用,我们表明,第二声速变化只有轻微的交叉制度。我们获得更深入的了解到声音的传播和激发的第二声通过改变激励程序,其范围从一个突然的力脉冲到一个温和的加热脉冲在云中心。这些测量伴随着经典场模拟,这有助于解释实验数据。此外,我们确定了超流相的空间延伸,并估计了超流密度。在未来,这可能会被用来构建迄今为止未知的状态方程在整个交叉。

英文摘要:

Second sound is an entropy wave which propagates in the superfluid component of a quantum liquid. Because it is an entropy wave, it probes the thermodynamic properties of the quantum liquid which are determined, e.g., by the interaction strength between the particles of the quantum liquid and their temperature. Here, we study second sound propagation for a large range of interaction strengths within the crossover between a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) and the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid. In particular, we investigate the strongly-interacting regime where currently theoretical predictions only exist in terms of an interpolation between the BEC, BCS and unitary regimes. Working with a quantum gas of ultracold fermionic $^6$Li atoms with tunable interactions, we show that the second sound speed varies only slightly in the crossover regime. We gain deeper insights into sound propagation and excitation of second sound by varying the excitation procedure which ranges from a sudden force pulse to a gentle heating pulse at the cloud center. These measurements are accompanied by classical-field simulations which help with the interpretation of the experimental data. Furthermore, we determine the spatial extension of the superfluid phase and estimate the superfluid density. In the future, this may be used to construct the so far unknown equation of state throughout the crossover.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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