Let $\mathbb{F}_q[T]$ be the polynomial ring over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$. We study the endomorphism rings of Drinfeld $\mathbb{F}_q[T]$-modules of arbitrary rank over finite fields. We compare the endomorphism rings to their subrings generated by the Frobenius endomorphism and deduce from this a refinement of a reciprocity law for division fields of Drinfeld modules proved in our earlier paper. We then use these results to give an efficient algorithm for computing the endomorphism rings and discuss some interesting examples produced by our algorithm.
The question we propose to answer throughout this paper is the following: Given an isogeny class of Drinfeld modules over a finite field, what are the orders of the corresponding endomorphism algebra (which is an isogeny invariant) that occur as endomorphism ring of a Drinfeld module in that isogeny class? It is worth mentioning that this question is different from the ones investigated by the authors Kuhn, Pink in [6] and Garai, Papikian in [3]. The former authors rather provided an answer to the question, given a Drinfeld module ϕ, how does one efficiently compute the endomorphism ring of ϕ?…
We give an effective algorithm to determine the endomorphism ring of a Drinfeld module, both over its field of definition and over a separable or algebraic closure thereof. Using previous results we deduce an effective description of the image of the adelic Galois representation associated to the Drinfeld module, up to commensurability. We also give an effective algorithm to decide whether two Drinfeld modules are isogenous, again both over their field of definition and over a separable or algebraic closure thereof.
We give a global description of the Frobenius elements in the division fields of Drinfeld modules of rank $2$. We apply this description to derive a criterion for the splitting modulo primes of a class of non-solvable polynomials, and to study the frequency with which the reductions of Drinfeld modules have small endomorphism rings. We also generalize some of these results to higher rank Drinfeld modules and prove CM-lifting theorems for Drinfeld modules.
Assuming the Mumford-Tate conjecture, we show that the center of the endomorphism ring of an abelian variety defined over a number field can be recovered from an appropriate intersection of the fields obtained from its Frobenius endomorphisms. We then apply this result to exhibit a practical algorithm to compute this center.
Let $q$ be an odd prime power, $a \in \mathbb{F}_q[T]$ and $u \in \mathbb{F}_q^*$. Provided $q \geq 17$, we compute the average number of primes $p$ for which the characteristic polynomial of the Frobenius at $p$ is $X^2 - aX + up$ over a family of rank 2 Drinfeld $ \mathbb{F}_q[T]$-modules. Our results give asymptotic formulas in the $x$-limit.
We study $\mathscr{D}$-elliptic sheaves in terms of their associated modules, which we call Drinfeld-Stuhler modules. We prove some basic results about Drinfeld-Stuhler modules and their endomorphism rings, and then examine the existence and properties of Drinfeld-Stuhler modules with large endomorphism algebras, which are analogous to CM and supersingular Drinfeld modules. Finally, we examine the fields of moduli of Drinfeld-Stuhler modules.
Frobenius Traces for Rank-2 Drinfeld Modules, Higher-Dimensional Galois Representations, and a Strong Multiplicity One Theorem in Positive Characteristic
Let $ψ: A \to F\{τ\}$ be a Drinfeld $A$-module over $F$ of rank 2 and without complex multiplication, where $A = {\mathbb{F}}_q[T]$, $F = {\mathbb{F}}_q(T)$, and $q$ is an odd prime power. For a prime $\mathfrak{p} = p A$ of $A$ of good reduction for $ψ$ and with residue field ${\mathbb{F}}_{\mathfrak{p}}$, we study the growth of the absolute value $|Δ_{\mathfrak{p}}|$ of the discriminant of the ${\mathbb{F}}_{\mathfrak{p}}$-endomorphism ring of the reduction of $ψ$ modulo $\mathfrak{p}$. We prove that for all $\mathfrak{p}$, $|Δ_{\mathfrak{p}}|$ grows with $|p|$. Moreover, we prove that for a…
In this paper we discuss multiplicative relations between eigenvalues of Frobenius endomorphism of abelian varieties of small dimension over finite fields.
We study isogeny classes of Drinfeld $A$-modules over finite fields $k$ with commutative endomorphism algebra $D$, in order to describe the isomorphism classes in a fixed isogeny class. We study when the minimal order $A[π]$ of $D$ occurs as an endomorphism ring by proving when it is locally maximal at $π$, and show that this happens if and only if the isogeny class is ordinary or $k$ is the prime field. We then describe how the monoid of fractional ideals of the endomorphism ring $\mathcal{E}$ of a Drinfeld module $ϕ$ up to $D$-linear equivalence acts on the isomorphism classes in the isogeny…
Let $A=\mathbb{F}_q[T]$ be the polynomial ring over $\mathbb{F}_q$, and $F$ be the field of fractions of $A$. Let $ϕ$ be a Drinfeld $A$-module of rank $r\geq 2$ over $F$. For all but finitely many primes $\mathfrak{p}\lhd A$, one can reduce $ϕ$ modulo $\mathfrak{p}$ to obtain a Drinfeld $A$-module $ϕ\otimes\mathbb{F}_\mathfrak{p}$ of rank $r$ over $\mathbb{F}_\mathfrak{p}=A/\mathfrak{p}$. The endomorphism ring $\mathcal{E}_\mathfrak{p}=\mathrm{End}_{\mathbb{F}_\mathfrak{p}}(ϕ\otimes\mathbb{F}_\mathfrak{p})$ is an order in an imaginary field extension $K$ of $F$ of degree $r$. Let $\mathcal{O}_…
Let E be an elliptic curve with complex multiplication by R, where R is an order of discriminant D<-4 of an imaginary quadratic field K . If a prime number p is decomposed completely in the ring class field associated with R, then E has good reduction at a prime ideal P of K dividing p and there exist positive integers u and v such that 4p=u^2-Dv^2. It is well known that square of the trace a_P of Frobenius endomorphism of the reduction of E modulo P is equal to u^2. We determine whether a_P=u or a_P=-u in the case the class number of R is 2 or 3 and D is divided by 3,4 or 5. This article is a…
Let $Φ$ be a Drinfeld $\mathbf{F}_{q}[T]$-module of rank 2, over a finite field $L$, a finite extension of $n$ degrees of a finite field with $q$ elements $\mathbf{F}_{q}$. Let $m$ be the extension degrees of $ L$ over the field $\mathbf{F}_{q}[T]/P$, $P$ is the $\mathbf{F}%_{q}[T]$-characteristic of $L$, and $d$ the degree of the polynomial $P$. We will discuss about a many analogies points with elliptic curves. We start by the endomorphism ring of a Drinfeld $\mathbf{F}_{q}[T]$-module of rank 2, End$_{L}Φ$, and we specify the maximality conditions and non maximality conditions as a $\mathbf{…
We compute the first and second moments of the divisor-counting function for the Euler-Poincaré characteristic and the trace of Frobenius for the reductions modulo $p$ of a rank 2 Drinfeld module with nontrivial endomorphism ring, as the prime $p$ varies over the primes of ordinary reduction of the Drinfeld module. From these moments we derive the normal order of the number of prime divisors of these invariants.
Let rho be a Drinfeld A-module with generic characteristic defined over an algebraic function field. We prove that all of the algebraic relations among periods, quasi-periods, and logarithms of algebraic points on rho are those coming from linear relations induced by endomorphisms of rho.
We study the quasi-endomorphism ring of infinitely definable subgroups in separably closed fields. Based on the results we obtain, we are able to prove a Mordell-Lang theorem for Drinfeld modules of finite characteristic. Using specialization arguments we are able to prove also a Mordell-Lang theorem for Drinfeld modules of generic characteristic.
Let $E$ be an elliptic curve over $\Q$. It is well known that the ring of endomorphisms of $E_p$, the reduction of $E$ modulo a prime $p$ of ordinary reduction, is an order of the quadratic imaginary field $Q(π_p)$ generated by the Frobenius element $π_p$. When the curve has complex multiplication (CM), this is always a fixed field as the prime varies. However, when the curve has no CM, very little is known, not only about the order, but about the fields that might appear as algebra of endomorphisms varying the prime. The ring of endomorphisms is obviously related with the arithmetic of $a_p^2…
We study compactifications of Drinfeld half-spaces over a finite field. In particular, we construct a purely inseparable endomorphism of Drinfeld's half-space $Ω(V)$ over a finite field $k$ that does not extend to an endomorphism of the projective space $P (V)$. This should be compared with theorem of Rémy, Thuillier and Werner that every $k$-automorphism of $Ω(V)$ extends to a $k$-automorphism of $P (V)$. Our construction uses an inseparable analogue of the Cremona transformation. We also study foliations on Drinfeld's half-spaces. This leads to various examples of interesting varieties in po…
Consider the jacobian of a hyperelliptic genus two curve defined over a finite field. Under certain restrictions on the endomorphism ring of the jacobian we give an explicit description all non-degenerate, bilinear, anti-symmetric and Galois-invariant pairings on the jacobian. From this description it follows that no such pairing can be computed more efficiently than the Weil pairing. To establish this result, we need an explicit description of the representation of the Frobenius endomorphism on the l-torsion subgroup of the jacobian. This description is given. In particular, we show that if t…
Let $ϕ$ be a non-isotrivial family of Drinfeld A-modules of rank r in generic characteristic with a suitable level structure over a connected smooth algebraic variety X. Suppose that the endomorphism ring of $ϕ$ is equal to A. Then we show that the closure of the analytic fundamental group of X in $SL_r(\mathbb{A}_F^f)$ is open, where $\mathbb{A}_F^f$ denotes the ring of finite adeles of the quotient field F of A. From this we deduce two further results: (1) If X is defined over a finitely generated field extension of F, the image of the arithmetic étale fundamental group of X on the adelic Ta…
We present here explicit relations between the traces of Frobenius endomorphisms of certain families of elliptic curves and special values of ${_{2}}F_1$-hypergeometric functions over $\mathbb{F}_q$ for $q \equiv 1 (\text{mod} 6)$ and $q \equiv 1 (\text{mod} 4)$.
Let $k$ be a global field, let $A$ be a Dedekind domain with $\text{Quot}(A) = k$, and let $K$ be a finitely generated field. Using a unified approach for both elliptic curves and Drinfeld modules $M$ defined over $K$ and having a trivial endomorphism ring, with $k= \mathbb{Q}$, $A = \mathbb{Z}$ in the former case and $k$ a global function field, $A$ its ring of functions regular away from a fixed prime in the latter case, for any nonzero ideal $\mathfrak{a} \lhd A$ we prove best possible estimates in the norm $|\mathfrak{a}|$ for the degrees over $K$ of the subfields of the $\mathfrak{a}$-div…
We study the algbraic dynamics for endomorphisms of projective spaces with coefficients in a p-adic field whose reduction in positive characteritic is the Frobenius. In particular, we prove a version of the dynamical Manin-Mumford conjecture and the dynamical Mordell-Lang conjecture for the coherent backward orbits for such endomorphisms. We also give a new proof of a dynamical version of the Tate-Voloch conjecture in this case. Our method is based on the theory of perfectoid spaces introduced by P. Scholze. In the appendix, we prove that under some technical condition on the field of definiti…
The slope filtration theorem gives a partial analogue of the eigenspace decomposition of a linear transformation, for a Frobenius-semilinear endomorphism of a finite free module over the Robba ring (the ring of germs of rigid analytic functions on an unspecified open annulus of outer radius 1) over a discretely valued field. In this paper, we give a third-generation proof of this theorem, which both introduces some new simplifications (particularly the use of faithfully flat descent, to recover the theorem from a classification theorem of Dieudonne-Manin type) and extends the result to allow a…
We present algorithms which, given a genus 2 curve $C$ defined over a finite field and a quartic CM field $K$, determine whether the endomorphism ring of the Jacobian $J$ of $C$ is the full ring of integers in $K$. In particular, we present probabilistic algorithms for computing the field of definition of, and the action of Frobenius on, the subgroups $J[\ell^d]$ for prime powers $\ell^d$. We use these algorithms to create the first implementation of Eisenträger and Lauter's algorithm for computing Igusa class polynomials via the Chinese Remainder Theorem \cite{el}, and we demonstrate the algo…
In this paper we investigate a local to global principle for Mordell-Weil group defined over a ring of integers ${\cal O}_K$ of $t$-modules that are products of the Drinfeld modules ${\widehatφ}=ϕ_{1}^{e_1}\times \dots \times ϕ_{t}^{e_{t}}.$ Here $K$ is a finite extension of the field of fractions of $A={\mathbb F}_{q}[t].$ We assume that the ${\mathrm{rank}}(ϕ)_{i})=d_{i}$ and endomorphism rings of the involved Drinfeld modules of generic characteristic are the simplest possible, i.e. ${\mathrm{End}}(ϕ_{i})=A$ for $ i=1,\dots , t.$ Our main result is the following numeric criterion. Let ${N}=…
We show that unit $\mathcal{O}_{F,X}^Λ$-modules of Emerton and Kisin provide an analogue of locally constant sheaves in the context of Böckle-Pink $Λ$-crystals. For example they form a tannakian category if the coefficient algebra $Λ$ is a field. Our results hold for a big class of coefficien algebras which includes Drinfeld rings, and for arbitary locally noetherian base schemes.
Let $f$ be a continuous ring endomorphism of $\mathbf{Z}_p[[x]]/\mathbf{Z}_p$ of degree $p.$ We prove that if $f$ acts on the tangent space at $0$ by a uniformizer and commutes with an automorphism of infinite order, then it is necessarily an endomorphism of a formal group over $\mathbf{Z}_p.$ The proof relies on finding a stable embedding of $\mathbf{Z}_p[[x]]$ in Fontaine's crystalline period ring with the property that $f$ appears in the monoid of endomorphisms generated by the Galois group of $\mathbf{Q}_p$ and crystalline Frobenius. Our result verifies, over $\mathbf{Z}_p,$ the height one…
We describe an algorithm, based on the properties of the characteristic polynomials of Frobenius, to compute $\operatorname{End}_{\overline{K}}(A)$ when $A$ is the Jacobian of a nice genus-2 curve over a number field $K$. We use this algorithm to confirm that the description of the structure of the geometric endomorphism ring of $\operatorname{Jac}(C)$ given in the LMFDB ($L$-functions and modular forms database) is correct for all the genus 2 curves $C$ currently listed in it. We also discuss the determination of the field of definition of the endomorphisms in some special cases.
The study of Frobenius endomorphism provides numerous information about its corresponding Abelian variety. To understand the action of the Frobenius endomorphism, one may be interested in its eigenvalues. According to Weil's third conjecture ("Riemann hypothesis over finite fields"), they all have absolute value less than or equal to $2g\sqrt{p}$. Thus, the eigenvalues of the Frobenius endomorphism all belong to the same compact subset of the complex plane, and are roots of the same monic polynomial with integer coefficients (the characteristic polynomial of the Frobenius endomorphism). Such c…
Using Galois cohomology, Schmoyer characterizes cryptographic non-trivial self-pairings of the $\ell$-Tate pairing in terms of the action of the Frobenius on the $\ell$-torsion of the Jacobian of a genus 2 curve. We apply similar techniques to study the non-degeneracy of the $\ell$-Tate pairing restrained to subgroups of the $\ell$-torsion which are maximal isotropic with respect to the Weil pairing. First, we deduce a criterion to verify whether the jacobian of a genus 2 curve has maximal endomorphism ring. Secondly, we derive a method to construct horizontal $(\ell,\ell)$-isogenies starting …
Let $k$ be a global function field with field of constants $\Fr$ and let $\infty$ be a fixed place of $k$. In his habilitation thesis \cite{boc2}, Gebhard Böckle attaches abelian Galois representations to characteristic $p$ valued cusp eigenforms and double cusp eigenforms \cite{go1} such that Hecke eigenvalues correspond to the image of Frobenius elements. In the case where $k=\Fr(T)$ and $\infty$ corresponds to the pole of $T$, it then becomes reasonable to ask whether rank 1 Drinfeld modules over $k$ are themselves ``modular'' in that their Galois representations arise from a cusp or double…
In the arithmetic of function fields Drinfeld modules play the role that elliptic curves take on in the arithmetic of number fields. As higher dimensional generalizations of Drinfeld modules, and as the appropriate analogues of abelian varieties, G. Anderson introduced pure t-motives. In this article we study the arithmetic of the later. We investigate which pure t-motives are semisimple, that is, isogenous to direct sums of simple ones. We give examples for pure t-motives which are not semisimple. Over finite fields the semisimplicity is equivalent to the semisimplicity of the endomorphism al…
We describe an algorithm that computes explicit models of hyperelliptic Shimura curves attached to an indefnite quaternion algebra over Q and Atkin-Lehner quotients of them. It exploits Cerednik-Drinfeld's non-archimedean uniformisation of Shimura curves, a formula of Gross and Zagier for the endomorphism ring of Heegner points over Artinian rings and the connection between Ribet's bimodules and the specialization of Heegner points. As an application, we provide a list of equations of Shimura curves and quotients of them obtained by our algorithm that had been conjectured by Kurihara.
In this paper, we study the logarithmic growth (log-growth) filtration, a mysterious invariant found by B. Dwork, for $(φ,\nabla)$-modules over the bounded Robba ring. The main result is a proof of a conjecture proposed by B. Chiarellotto and N. Tsuzuki on a comparison between the log-growth filtration and Frobenius slope filtration. One of the ingredients of the proof is a new criterion for pure of bounded quotient, which is a notion introduced by Chiarellotto and Tsuzuki to formulate their conjecture. We also give several applications to log-growth Newton polygons, including a conjecture of …
In this paper we construct a noncommutative space of ``pointed Drinfeld modules'' that generalizes to the case of function fields the noncommutative spaces of commensurability classes of Q-lattices. It extends the usual moduli spaces of Drinfeld modules to possibly degenerate level structures. In the second part of the paper we develop some notions of quantum statistical mechanics in positive characteristic and we show that, in the case of Drinfeld modules of rank one, there is a natural time evolution on the associated noncommutative space, which is closely related to the positive characteris…
In this paper, we consider the hyperelliptic analogue of the Frobenius endomorphism generator and show that it produces sequences with large linear complexity on the Jacobian of genus 2 curves.
Let $Φ$ be a Drinfeld $\mathbf{F}_{q}[T]$-module of rank 2, over a finite field $L$, a finite extension of $n$ degrees for a finite field with $q$ elements $% \mathbf{F}_{q}$. Let $P_Φ(X)=$ $X^{2}-cX+μP^{m}$ ($c$ an element of $% \mathbf{F}_{q}[T]$ and $μ$ a no null element of $\mathbf{F}_{q}$, $m$ the degree of the extension $L$ over the field $\mathbf{F}_{q}[T]/P$, $P$ is a $\mathbf{F}%_{q}[T]$-characteristic of $L$ and $d$ the degree of the polynomial $P$) the characteristic polynomial, of the Frobenius $F$ of $L$. We will interested to the structure of finite $\mathbf{F}_{q}[T]$-module $L^…
If $X$ is a smooth scheme over a perfect field of characteristic $p$, and if $\sD_X$ is the sheaf of differential operators on $X$ [EGAIV], it is well known that giving an action of $\sD_X$ on an $\sO_X$-module $\sE$ is equivalent to giving an infinite sequence of $\sO_X$-modules descending $\sE$ via the iterates of the Frobenius endomorphism of $X$. We show that this result can be generalized to any infinitesimal deformation $f : X \to S$ of a smooth morphism in characteristic $p$, endowed with Frobenius liftings. We also show that it extends to adic formal schemes such that $p$ belongs to an…
This is an introduction to the theory of Witt vectors. It includes a construction of the Witt rings, the Frobenius and Verschiebung endomorphisms, the canonical map from W to W^2 (its lambda-algebra structure), the relation to strict p-rings, and an account of the Artin-Hasse exponential.
We extend to large contexts pertaining to Shimura varieties of Hodge type a result of Zink on the existence of lifts to characteristic 0 of suitable representatives of certain isogeny classes of abelian varieties endowed with Frobenius and other endomorphisms over $\dbF_{p^q}$, whose $p$-divisible groups in mixed characteristic $(0,p)$ are with complex multiplication.
Let K be an algebraically closed field of prime characteristic p, let X be a semiabelian variety defined over a finite subfield of K, let f be a regular self-map on X defined over K, let V be a subvariety of X defined over K, and let x be a K-point of X. The Dynamical Mordell-Lang Conjecture in characteristic p predicts that the set S consisting of all positive integers n for which f^n(x) lies on V is a union of finitely many arithmetic progressions, along with finitely many p-sets, which are sets consisting of all integers of the form c_1 p^{k_1 n_1} + ... + c_m p^{k_m n_m} (as we vary n_1,..…
