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arXiv 1907.00525physics.flu-dyncond-mat.soft
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球形颗粒在湍流边界层中的平移和旋转

Translation and rotation of a spherical particle in a turbulent boundary layer

Yi Hui Tee, Diogo Barros, Ellen K. Longmire

摘要:

在摩擦雷诺数$Re_τ$为700和1300的湍流边界层中进行了三维颗粒跟踪实验。将两个有限尺寸的球体分别从光滑壁上释放,球体的比重为1.003(P1)和1.050(P2),直径为60和120壁单位。这些球体在整个表面都用点标记,以通过高速立体成像来监测它们的平移和旋转。球体在接近终极速度之前,在一个边界层厚度的流向距离上释放后强烈加速。最初,雷诺数$Re_p$为800和1900的球体P1总是从壁面上升起。对于初始$Re_p$为1900的球体P2,偶尔观察到类似行为。这些球体升空后,达到了一个初始的高度,然后朝着墙壁下降。球体轨迹表现出多种行为,包括跳跃,再悬浮和滑动运动与小的随机弹跳取决于$Re_τ$和比重。在$Re_τ=1300$的较轻的球体在其大部分轨迹中保持悬浮在壁上方,以最快的流向速度传播。相比之下,在$Re_τ=700$密度较大的球体,主要沿壁面滑动,以最慢的流向速度传播。在球体接近近似的终极速度后,许多球体经历了额外的抬离事件,假设这些事件是由发夹或相干流结构驱动的。观察到球体围绕所有三个坐标轴旋转。虽然平均剪切可能引起绕展向轴的旋转,但近壁相干结构和球体的尾流可能驱动流向和壁面法向旋转。在球体沿壁面传播的所有情况下,滑动运动而不是向前滚动运动是主要的。

英文摘要:

Three-dimensional particle tracking experiments were conducted in a turbulent boundary layer with friction Reynolds number $Re_τ$ of 700 and 1300. Two finite size spheres with specific gravities of 1.003 (P1) and 1.050 (P2) and diameters of 60 and 120 wall units were released individually from rest on a smooth wall. The spheres were marked with dots all over the surface to monitor their translation and rotation via high-speed stereoscopic imaging. The spheres accelerated strongly after release over streamwise distances of one boundary layer thickness before approaching an approximate terminal velocity. Initially, sphere P1, which had Reynolds numbers $Re_p$ of 800 and 1900, always lifts off from the wall. Similar behavior was observed occasionally for sphere P2 with initial $Re_p$ of 1900. The spheres that lifted off reached an initial peak in height before descending towards the wall. The sphere trajectories exhibited multiple behaviors including saltation, resuspension and sliding motion with small random bouncing depending on both $Re_τ$ and specific gravity. The lighter sphere at $Re_τ=1300$, which remained suspended above the wall during most of its trajectory, propagated with the fastest streamwise velocity. By contrast, the denser sphere at $Re_τ=700$, which mostly slid along the wall, propagated with the slowest streamwise velocity. After the spheres approached an approximate terminal velocity, many experienced additional lift-off events that were hypothesized to be driven by hairpins or coherent flow structures. Spheres were observed to rotate about all three coordinate axes. While the mean shear may induce a rotation about the spanwise axis, near-wall coherent structures and the sphere's wake might drive the streamwise and wall-normal rotations. In all cases where the sphere propagates along the wall, sliding motion, rather than forward rolling motion, is dominant.

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