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arXiv 1207.7142physics.flu-dyn
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湍流中大颗粒的滑移速度

Slip-velocity of large neutrally-buoyant particles in turbulent flows

Gabriele Bellani, Evan A. Variano

摘要:

我们讨论了描述大颗粒和湍流之间的相对运动的随机滑移速度的可能定义。这个定义是必要的,因为当颗粒尺寸落在环境湍流的惯性子范围内时,标准阻力模型中使用的滑移速度失效。我们提出了两个定义,选择部分是因为它们的简单性:它们不需要过滤的流体相速度场,也不需要建设的条件平均粒子的位置。这种简单性的一个关键好处是,这里提出的随机滑移速度可以同样很好地计算实验室,现场和数值实验。随机滑移速度允许定义雷诺数,该雷诺数应指示湍流中的大颗粒是否表现为(a)被动示踪剂;(b)速度场的线性滤波器;或(c)速度场的非线性滤波器。我们计算的随机滑移椭球和球形颗粒(泰勒微尺度的大小)在实验室均匀各向同性湍流测量的值。所得的雷诺数是显着高于1的颗粒形状,和速度统计表明,颗粒运动是一个复杂的非线性函数的流体速度。我们进一步研究的非线性关系,通过比较粒子和流体相的脉动速度的概率分布。

英文摘要:

We discuss possible definitions for a stochastic slip velocity that describes the relative motion between large particles and a turbulent flow. This definition is necessary because the slip velocity used in the standard drag model fails when particle size falls within the inertial subrange of ambient turbulence. We propose two definitions, selected in part due to their simplicity: they do not require filtration of the fluid phase velocity field, nor do they require the construction of conditional averages on particle locations. A key benefit of this simplicity is that the stochastic slip velocity proposed here can be calculated equally well for laboratory, field, and numerical experiments. The stochastic slip velocity allows the definition of a Reynolds number that should indicate whether large particles in turbulent flow behave (a) as passive tracers; (b) as a linear filter of the velocity field; or (c) as a nonlinear filter to the velocity field. We calculate the value of stochastic slip for ellipsoidal and spherical particles (the size of the Taylor microscale) measured in laboratory homogeneous isotropic turbulence. The resulting Reynolds number is significantly higher than 1 for both particle shapes, and velocity statistics show that particle motion is a complex non-linear function of the fluid velocity. We further investigate the nonlinear relationship by comparing the probability distribution of fluctuating velocities for particle and fluid phases.

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