混沌流中非球形活性粒子的排列
Alignment of non-spherical active particles in chaotic flows
摘要：
我们研究的方向统计的球形，轴对称的microswimmer，从磁盘到棒的形状，游泳在混乱的，适度的湍流。数值模拟表明，棒状活性颗粒优先与流速对齐。为了解释潜在的机制，我们通过微扰理论解决了一个统计模型。我们表明，这种对齐是由流体速度及其沿粒子路径的梯度的相关性以及由于游动和粒子非球形而导致的前后对称性破缺引起的。值得注意的是，发现对齐被认为是一个强大的运动学效应，独立的底层流的演变。我们讨论其可能的相关性水生生态。
英文摘要：
We study the orientation statistics of spheroidal, axisymmetric microswimmers, with shapes ranging from disks to rods, swimming in chaotic, moderately turbulent flows. Numerical simulations show that rod-like active particles preferentially align with the flow velocity. To explain the underlying mechanism we solve a statistical model via perturbation theory. We show that such alignment is caused by correlations of fluid velocity and its gradients along particle paths combined with fore-aft symmetry breaking due to both swimming and particle nonsphericity. Remarkably, the discovered alignment is found to be a robust kinematical effect, independent of the underlying flow evolution. We discuss its possible relevance for aquatic ecology.
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