Dmytro Marushkevych, Alexandre Popier
We use the functional It{ô} calculus to prove that the solution of a BSDE with singular terminal condition is continuous at the terminal time. Hence we extend known results for a non-Markovian terminal condition.
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In this article, we deal with a multiple dimensional coupled Markovian BSDEs system with stochastic linear growth generators with respect to volatility processes. An existence result is provided by using approximation techniques.
This article deals with the existence and the uniqueness of solutions to quadratic and superquadratic Markovian backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs for short) with an unbounded terminal condition. Our results are deeply linked with a strong a priori estimate on $Z$ that takes advantage of the Markovian framework. This estimate allows us to prove the existence of a viscosity solution to a semilinear parabolic partial differential equation with nonlinearity having quadratic or superquadratic growth in the gradient of the solution. This estimate also allows us to give explicit conve…
In [Stochastc Process. Appl., 122(9):3173-3208], the author proved the existence and the uniqueness of solutions to Markovian superquadratic BSDEs with an unbounded terminal condition when the generator and the terminal condition are locally Lipschitz. In this paper, we prove that the existence result remains true for these BSDEs when the regularity assumptions on the terminal condition is weakened.
In this Note we consider a quadratic backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) driven by a continuous martingale $M$ and whose generator is a deterministic function. We prove (in Theorem \ref{theorem:main}) that if $M$ is a strong homogeneous Markov process and if the BSDE has the form \eqref{BSDE} then the unique solution $(Y,Z,N)$ of the BSDE is reduced to $(Y,Z)$, \textit{i.e.} the orthogonal martingale $N$ is equal to zero showing that in a Markovian setting the "usual" solution $(Y,Z)$ has not to be completed by a strongly orthogonal even if $M$ does not enjoy the martingale repres…
We establish existence and uniqueness for a wide class of Markovian systems of backward stochastic differential equations (BSDE) with quadratic nonlinearities. This class is characterized by an abstract structural assumption on the generator, an a-priori local-boundedness property, and a locally-Hölder-continuous terminal condition. We present easily verifiable sufficient conditions for these assumptions and treat several applications, including stochastic equilibria in incomplete financial markets, stochastic differential games, and martingales on Riemannian manifolds.
Existence and uniqueness for non-Markovian triangular quadratic BSDEs
本文研究非马尔可夫三角二次BSDE系统，证明了解的存在唯一性，推广了对角二次BSDE的已有结果，并通过反例回答了Harter和Richou关于矩阵值BMO鞅随机指数逆向Hölder不等式的开放问题。
Two discretizations of a class of locally Lipschitz Markovian backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) are studied. The first is the classical Euler scheme which approximates a projection of the processes Z, and the second a novel scheme based on Malliavin weights which approximates the mariginals of the process Z directly. Extending the representation theorem of Ma and Zhang leads to advanced a priori estimates and stability results for this class of BSDEs. These estimates are then used to obtain competitive convergence rates for both schemes with respect to the number of points in …
Generalized Mean-Reflected McKean--Vlasov BSDEs: Well-Posedness and a Markovian PDE Representation
本文研究了一类广义均值反射麦肯-瓦拉斯型反向随机微分方程，结合均值反射约束与广义积分，证明了解的存在性和唯一性。
(Working Paper) Using a purely probabilistic argument, we prove the global well-posedness of multidimensional superquadratic backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) without Markovian assumption. The key technique is the interplay between the local well-posedness of fully coupled path-dependent forward backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) and backward iterations of the superquadratic BSDE. The superquadratic BSDE studied in this article includes quadratic BSDEs appear in stochastic differential game and price impact model. We also study the well-posedness of superquadr…
We consider a non-Markovian optimal stopping problem on finite horizon. We prove that the value process can be represented by means of a backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE), defined on an enlarged probability space, containing a stochastic integral having a one-jump point process as integrator and an (unknown) process with a sign constraint as integrand. This provides an alternative representation with respect to the classical one given by a reflected BSDE. The connection between the two BSDEs is also clarified. Finally, we prove that the value of the optimal stopping problem is t…
We study the quantitative stability of the solutions to Markovian quadratic reflected BSDEs with bounded terminal data. By virtue of BMO martingale and change of measure techniques, we obtain stability estimates for the variation of the solutions with different underlying forward processes. In addition, we propose a truncated discrete-time numerical scheme for quadratic reflected BSDEs, and obtain the explicit rate of convergence by applying the quantitative stability result.
Numerical approximation of Markovian BSDEs in infinite horizon and elliptic PDEs
本文研究了无限时间 horizon的反向随机微分方程，设计了高效的数值方案。通过马尔可夫导数建立了BSDE解的表示，并证明了皮卡方案的收缩性。开发了三种数值方案，其中前两种基于固定点论证，采用收缩性假设，后一种在更大z-利普希茨依赖下表现良好。
In this paper, we provide conditions which ensure that stochastic Lipschitz BSDEs admit Malliavin differentiable solutions. We investigate the problem of existence of densities for the first components of solutions to general path-dependent stochastic Lipschitz BSDEs and obtain results for the second components in particular cases. We apply these results to both the study of a gene expression model in biology and to the classical pricing problems in mathematical finance.
We study (backward) stochastic differential equations with noise coming from a finite state Markov chain. We show that, for the solutions of these equations to be `Markovian', in the sense that they are deterministic functions of the state of the underlying chain, the integrand must be of a specific form. This allows us to connect these equations to coupled systems of ODEs, and hence to give fast numerical methods for the evaluation of Markov-Chain BSDEs.
In this paper, we study in the Markovian case the rate of convergence in the Wasserstein distance of an approximation of the solution to a BSDE given by a BSDE which is driven by a scaled random walk as introduced in Briand, Delyon and M{é}min (Electron. Comm. Probab. 6(2001),1-14).
This article deals with the numerical resolution of Markovian backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) with drivers of quadratic growth with respect to $z$ and bounded terminal conditions. We first show some bound estimates on the process $Z$ and we specify the Zhang's path regularity theorem. Then we give a new time discretization scheme with a non uniform time net for such BSDEs and we obtain an explicit convergence rate for this scheme.
In this paper, we study existence and uniqueness to multidimensional Reflected Backward Stochastic Differential Equation in an open convex domain, allowing for oblique directions of reflection. In a Markovian framework, combining \emph{a priori} estimates for penalised equations and compactness arguments, we obtain existence results under quite weak assumptions on the driver of the BSDEs and the direction of reflection, which is allowed to depend on both $Y$ and $Z$. In a non Markovian framework, we obtain existence and uniqueness result for direction of reflection depending on time and $Y$. W…
In this note we prove existence of a solution to a system of Markovian BSDEs with interconnected obstacles. A key feature of our system, and the main novelty of this paper, is that we allow for the driver $f_i$ of the $i$-th component of the $Y$-process to depend on all components of the $Z$-process. This extends the existing theory on reflected BSDEs, which only addresses problems where $f_i$ depends on $Z^i$.
In this paper we consider the random walk approximation of the solution of a Markovian BSDE whose terminal condition is a locally H{ö}lder continuous function of the Brownian motion. We state the rate of the L 2-convergence of the approximated solution to the true one. The proof relies in part on growth and smoothness properties of the solution u of the associated PDE. Here we improve existing results by showing some properties of the second derivative of u in space.
This paper establishes the well-posedness of reflected backward stochastic differential equations in the non-convex domains that satisfy a weaker version of the star-shaped property. The main results are established (i) in a Markovian framework with Hölder-continuous generator and terminal condition and (ii) in a general setting under a smallness assumption on the input data. We also investigate the connections between this well-posedness result and the theory of martingales on manifolds.
In this paper, we discuss the solvability of backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) with superquadratic generators. We first prove that given a superquadratic generator, there exists a bounded terminal value, such that the associated BSDE does not admit any bounded solution. On the other hand, we prove that if the superquadratic BSDE admits a bounded solution, then there exist infinitely many bounded solutions for this BSDE. Finally, we prove the existence of a solution for Markovian BSDEs where the terminal value is a bounded continuous function of a forward stochastic differentia…
Multi-dimensional non-Markovian backward stochastic differential equations of interactively quadratic generators
本文研究了具有交互式二次生成元的多维非马尔可夫倒向随机微分方程的一般可解性，提出了生成元的一般结构，建立了局部和全局有界及无界解的存在唯一性结果，改进了现有工作并部分回答了Jackson2023SPA提出的问题。
In this paper we prove that every random variable of the form $F(M_T)$ with $F:\real^d \to\real$ a Borelian map and $M$ a $d$-dimensional continuous Markov martingale with respect to a Markov filtration $\mathcal{F}$ admits an exact integral representation with respect to $M$, that is, without any orthogonal component. This representation holds true regardless any regularity assumption on $F$. We extend this result to Markovian quadratic growth BSDEs driven by $M$ and show they can be solved without an orthogonal component. To this end, we extend first existence results for such BSDEs under a …
We introduce a new class of Backward Stochastic Differential Equations in which the $T$-terminal value $Y_{T}$ of the solution $(Y,Z)$ is not fixed as a random variable, but only satisfies a weak constraint of the form $E[Ψ(Y_{T})]\ge m$, for some (possibly random) non-decreasing map $Ψ$ and some threshold $m$. We name them \textit{BSDEs with weak terminal condition} and obtain a representation of the minimal time $t$-values $Y_{t}$ such that $(Y,Z)$ is a supersolution of the BSDE with weak terminal condition. It provides a non-Markovian BSDE formulation of the PDE characterization obtained fo…
We study the behaviour at the terminal time T of the minimal solution of a backward stochastic differential equation when the terminal data can take the value +$\infty$ with positive probability. In a previous paper, we have proved existence of this minimal solution (in a weak sense) in a quite general setting. But two questions arise in this context and were still open: is the solution c{à}d{ì}{à}g on [0,T] ? In other words does the solution have a left limit at time T ? The second question is: is this limit equal to the terminal condition? In this paper, under additional conditions on the ge…
We study a class of nonlinear BSDEs with a superlinear driver process f adapted to a filtration F and over a random time interval [[0, S]] where S is a stopping time of F. The terminal condition $ξ$ is allowed to take the value +$\infty$, i.e., singular. Our goal is to show existence of solutions to the BSDE in this setting. We will do so by proving that the minimal supersolution to the BSDE is a solution, i.e., attains the terminal values with probability 1. We consider three types of terminal values: 1) Markovian: i.e., $ξ$ is of the form $ξ$ = g($Ξ$ S) where $Ξ$ is a continuous Markovian di…
This paper considers the problem of uniqueness of the solutions to a class of Markovian backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) which are also connected to certain nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) through a probabilistic representation. Assuming that there is a solution to the BSDE or to the corresponding PDE, we use the probabilistic interpretation to show the uniqueness of the solutions, and provide an example of a stochastic control application.
We establish the existence (and in an appropriate sense uniqueness) of Markovian solutions for ergodic BSDEs under a novel monotonicity condition. Our monotonicity condition allows us to prove existence even when the driver f has arbitrary (in particular super-quadratic) growth in z, which reveals an interesting trade-off between monotonicity and growth for ergodic BSDEs. The technique of proof is to establish a probabilistic representation of the derivative of the Markovian solution, and then use this representation to obtain a-priori estimates. Our study is motivated by applications to ergod…
We show existence and uniqueness of solutions to BSDEs of the form $$ Y_t = ξ+ \int_t^T f(s,Y_s,Z_s)ds - \int_t^T Z_s dW_s$$ in the case where the terminal condition $ξ$ has bounded Malliavin derivative. The driver $f(s,y,z)$ is assumed to be Lipschitz continuous in $y$ but only locally Lipschitz continuous in $z$. In particular, it can grow arbitrarily fast in $z$. If in addition to having bounded Malliavin derivative, $ξ$ is bounded, the driver needs only be locally Lipschitz continuous in $y$. In the special case where the BSDE is Markovian, we obtain existence and uniqueness results for se…
In this paper we study ergodic backward stochastic differential equations (EBSDEs) dropping the strong dissipativity assumption needed in the previous work. In other words we do not need to require the uniform exponential decay of the difference of two solutions of the underlying forward equation, which, on the contrary, is assumed to be non degenerate. We show existence of solutions by use of coupling estimates for a non-degenerate forward stochastic differential equations with bounded measurable non-linearity. Moreover we prove uniqueness of "Markovian" solutions exploiting the recurrence of…
It is now established that under quite general circumstances, including in models with jumps, the existence of a solution to a reflected BSDE is guaranteed under mild conditions, whereas the existence of a solution to a doubly reflected BSDE is essentially equivalent to the so-called Mokobodski condition. As for uniqueness of solutions, this holds under mild integrability conditions. However, for practical purposes, existence and uniqueness are not enough. In order to further develop these results in Markovian set-ups, one also needs a (simply or doubly) reflected BSDE to be well posed, in the…
This paper studies the mixed zero-sum stochastic differential game problem. We allow the functionals and dynamics to be of polynomial growth. The problem is formulated as an extended doubly reflected BSDEs with a specific generator. We show the existence of solution for this doubly reflected BSDEs and we prove the existence of a saddle-point of the game. Moreover, in the Markovian framework we prove that the value function is the unique viscosity solution of the associated Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation.
We consider the minimal super-solution of a backward stochastic differential equation with constraint on the gains-process. The terminal condition is given by a function of the terminal value of a forward stochastic differential equation. Under boundedness assumptions on the coefficients, we show that the first component of the solution is Lipschitz in space and 1/2-Hölder in time with respect to the initial data of the forward process. Its path is continuous before the time horizon at which its left-limit is given by a face-lifted version of its natural boundary condition. This first componen…
Existence and uniqueness is established for a large class of backward stochastic differential equations which contain singular terms of the form $\pm|z|^2/y$. The results are applied to investigate singular partial differential equations (PDEs) and to decision theory problems that cannot be studied using classical regular BSDEs. The application to PDEs concerns the existence of viscosity solutions to PDEs containing a singular term of the form $\pm|\nabla v|^2/v$ with rather weak assumptions on the regularity of the coefficients. Such PDEs with singularity in the value process appear in severa…
We provide a probabilistic solution of a not necessarily Markovian control problem with a state constraint by means of a Backward Stochastic Differential Equation (BSDE). The novelty of our solution approach is that the BSDE possesses a singular terminal condition. We prove that a solution of the BSDE exists, thus partly generalizing existence results obtained by Popier in [7] and [8]. We perform a verification and discuss special cases for which the control problem has explicit solutions.
An Euler scheme for BSDEs via the Wiener chaos decomposition
提出基于Wiener混沌分解的Euler格式实现BSDE数值求解，无需前向-后向马尔可夫结构，适用于任意平方可积终端条件，并给出收敛性分析与数值验证。
In this paper, we study the qualitative behaviour of approximation schemes for Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (BSDEs) by introducing a new notion of numerical stability. For the Euler scheme, we provide sufficient conditions in the one-dimensional and multidimensional case to guarantee the numerical stability. We then perform a classical Von Neumann stability analysis in the case of a linear driver $f$ and exhibit necessary conditions to get stability in this case. Finally, we illustrate our results with numerical applications.
Backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) in the sense of Pardoux-Peng [Backward stochastic differential equations and quasilinear parabolic partial differential equations, Lecture Notes in Control and Inform. Sci., 176, 200--217, 1992] provide a non-Markovian extension to certain classes of non-linear partial differential equations; the non-linearity is expressed in the so-called driver of the BSDE. Our aim is to deal with drivers which have very little regularity in time. To this end we establish continuity of BSDE solutions with respect to rough path metrics in the sense of Lyons […
We consider a class of stochastic impulse control problems of general stochastic processes i.e. not necessarily Markovian. Under fairly general conditions we establish existence of an optimal impulse control. We also prove existence of combined optimal stochastic and impulse control of a fairly general class of diffusions with random coefficients. Unlike, in the Markovian framework, we cannot apply quasi-variational inequalities techniques. We rather derive the main results using techniques involving reflected BSDEs and the Snell envelope.
We consider a general class of stochastic optimal control problems, where the state process lives in a real separable Hilbert space and is driven by a cylindrical Brownian motion and a Poisson random measure; no special structure is imposed on the coefficients, which are also allowed to be path-dependent; in addition, the diffusion coefficient can be degenerate. For such a class of stochastic control problems, we prove, by means of purely probabilistic techniques based on the so-called randomization method, that the value of the control problem admits a probabilistic representation formula (kn…
This paper studies a class of non$-$Markovian singular stochastic control problems, for which we provide a novel probabilistic representation. The solution of such control problem is proved to identify with the solution of a $Z-$constrained BSDE, with dynamics associated to a non singular underlying forward process. Due to the non$-$Markovian environment, our main argumentation relies on the use of comparison arguments for path dependent PDEs. Our representation allows in particular to quantify the regularity of the solution to the singular stochastic control problem in terms of the space and …
Generic well-posedness for a family of quadratic BSDE systems
本文证明了一类双参数二次BSDE系统在所有正参数下具有Baire范畴意义上的泛适定性，并建立了解映射的连续性与多值终端数据的适定性等价关系。
We aim to provide a Feynman-Kac type representation for Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation, in terms of forward backward stochastic differential equation (FBSDE) with a simulatable forward process. For this purpose, we introduce a class of BSDE where the jumps component of the solution is subject to a partial nonpositive constraint. Existence and approximation of a unique minimal solution is proved by a penalization method under mild assumptions. We then show how minimal solution to this BSDE class provides a new probabilistic representation for nonlinear integro-partial differential equations (…
In this paper, we study the well-posedness of the Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDE) in a general non-Markovian framework. The main purpose is to find a unified scheme which combines all existing methodology in the literature, and to address some fundamental longstanding problems for non-Markovian FBSDEs. An important device is a decoupling random field that is regular (uniformly Lipschitz in its spatial variable). We show that the regulariy of such decoupling field is closely related to the bounded solution to an associated characteristic BSDE, a backward stochastic Ri…
Limit theorems for strongly and intermediately supercritical branching processes in Markovian environment with linear fractional offspring distributions
研究马尔可夫环境中具线性分数子代分布的超临界分支过程渐近行为，通过考察强及中间强超临界情形发现过程行为的相变。
Optimal Liquidation with Conditions on Minimum Price
本文在Almgren-Chriss框架下研究了具有最低价格条件的最优清算问题，通过引入二元过程和可测集灵活控制交易与清算时机，并利用BSDE极小超解和PDE系统求解二次与非二次成本下的价值函数和最优控制。
Quadratic Mean-Field BSDEs and Exponential Utility Maximization
本文研究了具有二次增长生成元的均值场BSDEs，提出了一种结合马尔可夫算子与BMO估计的新方法，解决了指数效用最大化问题，并扩展了终端条件的适用范围。
Heavy Traffic Queue Length Behaviour in a Switch under Markovian Arrivals
本文将漂移方法推广至Markov到达，精确刻画MaxWeight输入排队交换机的重流量缩放平均总队列长度，并给出全流量机制下渐近紧的上下界。
Multidimensional indefinite stochastic Riccati equations and zero-sum stochastic linear-quadratic differential games with non-Markovian regime switching
针对非 Markov 机制切换下的零和随机线性二次微分博弈，本文借助新型多维不定 SRE 与无界系数线性 BSDE 给出闭环最优策略，并证明该 SRE 解的存在唯一性。
A stochastic approach to path-dependent nonlinear Kolmogorov equations via BSDEs with time-delayed generators and applications to finance
本文通过带有时间延迟生成函数的BSDEs方法，证明了路径依赖非线性柯尔莫哥洛夫方程的粘性解存在性，并应用于大投资者问题和风险度量。
Densities for scalar-valued BSDEs via unique continuation and backward uniqueness
本文通过结合马利亚万微积分、唯一延拓和向后唯一性，在生成元结构相容性条件下，仅要求终端条件非常数，证明了多维正向过程标量倒向分量的密度存在性。
Non-asymptotic convergence rates for mean-field games: weak formulation and McKean-Vlasov BSDEs
本文采用弱公式化，通过新型McKean-Vlasov倒向随机微分方程表征平均场均衡，在弱假设下获得存在唯一性，并为N人博弈的价值函数和纳什均衡提供非渐近收敛速率，同时推广到闭环均衡和主方程。
We consider a class of Backward Stochastic Differential Equations with superlinear driver process $f$ adapted to a filtration supporting at least a $d$ dimensional Brownian motion and a Poisson random measure on ${\mathbb R}^m- \{0\}.$ We consider the following class of terminal conditions $ξ_1 = \infty \cdot 1_{\{τ_1 \le T\}}$ where $τ_1$ is any stopping time with a bounded density in a neighborhood of $T$ and $ξ_2 = \infty \cdot 1_{A_T}$ where $A_t$, $t \in [0,T]$ is a decreasing sequence of events adapted to the filtration ${\mathcal F}_t$ that is continuous in probability at $T$. A special…
Singular Backward SDEs for Optimal Control with State Constraints
研究一类由鞅被积项非线性依赖导致爆炸的奇异BSDE，构造极小解并给出爆炸估计，应用于带状态约束的无限时域随机最优控制，建立验证定理并联系粘性Hamilton-Jacobi方程大解。
The existence of a (partial) market equilibrium price is proved in a complete, continuous time finite-agent market setting. The economic agents act as price takers in a fully competitive setting and maximize exponential utility from terminal wealth. As the number $N$ of economic agents goes to infinity, the BSDE system of $N$ equations characterizing the equilibrium asset price dynamics decouples. Due to the system's symmetry, the influence of the mean field of the agents, conditionally on the common noise, becomes deterministic.
Analytic Approach to the Non-Preemptive Markovian Priority Queue
本文用复围道积分与有限和解析求解非抢占式马尔可夫优先队列的联合及边缘队列长度分布，并关联等待时间与大队列渐近性。
Mean-field games with unbounded controls: a weak formulation approach to global solutions
本文通过弱公式方法，利用二次增长广义McKean-Vlasov BSDE的存在性和稳定性，建立了非马尔可夫平均场博弈中无界控制空间下均衡解的存在性，无需有界性假设且允许控制二次型运行成本。
The longest branches in a non-Markovian phylogenetic tree
本文研究 Bellman--Harris 型分支过程在时刻 $t$ 时最长分支长度的渐近行为，涵盖对应存活个体的悬挂分支和对应已死亡个体的内部分支。
Markovian reduction and exponential mixing in total variation for random dynamical systems
本文研究了有限维紧致相空间下由随机噪声驱动的离散时间动力系统的大时间行为，通过马尔可夫约化和Markov过程混合理论，证明了轨迹在全变差度量下收敛于唯一测度，并将该结果推广至平稳噪声驱动的系统。
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