arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1902.08003cs.GT
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最小的嫉妒和流行的匹配

Minimal Envy and Popular Matchings

Aleksei Y. Kondratev, Alexander S. Nesterov

摘要:

我们研究对象分配问题的事后公平性,对象是有价值的,共同拥有的。匹配是公平的,从个人的角度来看,如果它只有不可避免的嫉妒对代理人谁收到最喜欢的对象-最小嫉妒匹配。从社会的角度来看,一个匹配是公平的,如果它得到大多数人的支持,而不是任何其他匹配--流行的匹配。令人惊讶的是,这两种观点给出了相同的结果:当一个流行的匹配存在时,它相当于一个最小的嫉妒匹配。我们证明了全局和局部流行度之间的等价性:匹配是流行的,当且仅当不存在一组的大小高达3代理,决定交换他们的对象的多数,保持其余的匹配固定。我们的算法表明,任意匹配的路径连接到一个流行的匹配,沿着路径组的多达3个代理交换他们的对象的多数。一个市场,其中随机群体交换对象的多数收敛到一个流行的匹配,这种匹配存在。当流行匹配可能不存在时,我们将最流行匹配定义为在代理的最大子集中流行的匹配。我们表明,每个最小嫉妒匹配是一个最流行的匹配,并提出了一个多项式时间算法来找到他们。

英文摘要:

We study ex-post fairness in the object allocation problem where objects are valuable and commonly owned. A matching is fair from individual perspective if it has only inevitable envy towards agents who received most preferred objects -- minimal envy matching. A matching is fair from social perspective if it is supported by majority against any other matching -- popular matching. Surprisingly, the two perspectives give the same outcome: when a popular matching exists it is equivalent to a minimal envy matching. We show the equivalence between global and local popularity: a matching is popular if and only if there does not exist a group of size up to 3 agents that decides to exchange their objects by majority, keeping the remaining matching fixed. We algorithmically show that an arbitrary matching is path-connected to a popular matching where along the path groups of up to 3 agents exchange their objects by majority. A market where random groups exchange objects by majority converges to a popular matching given such matching exists. When popular matching might not exist we define most popular matching as a matching that is popular among the largest subset of agents. We show that each minimal envy matching is a most popular matching and propose a polynomial-time algorithm to find them.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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