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arXiv 1902.02790cond-mat.mes-hall
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量子Hall谷系统中相互作用的多通道拓扑边界模

Interacting multi-channel topological boundary modes in a quantum Hall valley system

Mallika T. Randeria, Kartiek Agarwal, Benjamin E. Feldman, Hao Ding, Huiwen Ji, R. J. Cava, S. L. Sondhi, Siddharth A. Parameswaran, Ali Yazdani

摘要:

对称性和拓扑学在识别物质的相态及其性质方面起着关键作用。这两个概念是理解量子霍尔铁磁体(QHFM)的核心,量子霍尔铁磁体是具有自发破缺自旋或赝自旋对称性的二维电子相,其波函数也具有拓扑性质。不同的对称性破缺QHFM相位之间的域壁被预测为主机无间隙的一维(1D)模式,出现由于在这样的接口的底层电子波函数的拓扑变化。虽然各种QHFM已被确定在不同的材料,探测在这些域壁的相互作用的电子模式尚未完成。在这里,我们使用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)直接可视化边界模式的自发形成,在一个符号变化的拓扑间隙,在域壁之间的不同谷极化量子霍尔相的铋表面上。通过改变谷占领和相应的模式在畴壁的数量,我们可以实现不同的制度,其中谷极化通道是金属或开发光谱间隙。这种行为是库仑相互作用的结果,受到了库仑破裂谷味道的限制,这决定了拓扑模式中的电子是否可以反向散射,使这些通道成为一类独特的相互作用的Luttinger液体。

英文摘要:

Symmetry and topology play key roles in the identification of phases of matter and their properties. Both concepts are central to understanding quantum Hall ferromagnets (QHFMs), two-dimensional electronic phases with spontaneously broken spin or pseudospin symmetry whose wavefunctions also have topological properties. Domain walls between distinct broken symmetry QHFM phases are predicted to host gapless one-dimensional (1D) modes that emerge due to a topological change of the underlying electronic wavefunctions at such interfaces. Although a variety of QHFMs have been identified in different materials, probing interacting electronic modes at these domain walls has not yet been accomplished. Here we use a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) to directly visualize the spontaneous formation of boundary modes, within a sign-changing topological gap, at domain walls between different valley-polarized quantum Hall phases on the surface of bismuth. By changing the valley occupation and the corresponding number of modes at the domain wall, we can realize different regimes where the valley-polarized channels are either metallic or develop a spectroscopic gap. This behavior is a consequence of Coulomb interactions constrained by the symmetry-breaking valley flavor, which determines whether electrons in the topological modes can backscatter, making these channels a unique class of interacting Luttinger liquids.

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