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arXiv 1807.05293cs.GTecon.TH
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列昂惕夫公用事业的纳什福利之外的市场

Markets Beyond Nash Welfare for Leontief Utilities

Ashish Goel, Reyna Hulett, Benjamin Plaut

摘要:

我们研究了通过市场机制将可分割商品分配给竞争代理人的问题,重点是具有Leontief效用的代理人。大多数经济学和机制设计文献都集中在\emph{linear}价格上,这意味着商品的成本与购买的数量成正比。线性价格的均衡被认为是最大纳什福利分配。\emph{Price curves}允许商品的成本是购买数量的任意(递增)函数。我们表明,价格曲线均衡不限于最大纳什福利分配与两个主要结果。首先,我们证明了一个配置可以支持严格增加的价格曲线当且仅当它是\emph{group-domination-free}。类似的特征也适用于弱增长的价格曲线。我们用它来表明,给定任何分配,我们可以计算严格(或弱)增加的价格曲线,支持它(或显示不存在)在多项式时间。这些结果涉及到分配的\emph{agent-order matrix}的连接,其可以具有其它应用。其次,我们使用对偶表明,在带宽分配设置,任何分配最大化CES福利函数可以支持的价格曲线。

英文摘要:

We study the allocation of divisible goods to competing agents via a market mechanism, focusing on agents with Leontief utilities. The majority of the economics and mechanism design literature has focused on \emph{linear} prices, meaning that the cost of a good is proportional to the quantity purchased. Equilibria for linear prices are known to be exactly the maximum Nash welfare allocations. \emph{Price curves} allow the cost of a good to be any (increasing) function of the quantity purchased. We show that price curve equilibria are not limited to maximum Nash welfare allocations with two main results. First, we show that an allocation can be supported by strictly increasing price curves if and only if it is \emph{group-domination-free}. A similarly characterization holds for weakly increasing price curves. We use this to show that given any allocation, we can compute strictly (or weakly) increasing price curves that support it (or show that none exist) in polynomial time. These results involve a connection to the \emph{agent-order matrix} of an allocation, which may have other applications. Second, we use duality to show that in the bandwidth allocation setting, any allocation maximizing a CES welfare function can be supported by price curves.

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