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arXiv 1801.09249astro-ph.SR
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光球磁场的极性不平衡

Polarity imbalance of the photospheric magnetic field

E. S. Vernova, M. I. Tyasto, D. G. Baranov, O. A. Danilova

摘要:

利用国家海洋观测组织基特峰(1976-2016年)的天气图研究了光球磁场的极性不平衡。在黑子区(5 ° ~ 40 °),强度B>50 G的磁场,以及在高纬度(40 ° ~ 90 °),强度B<50 G的磁场,考虑了正、负通量的不平衡。发现正负磁场不平衡的22年周期性在四个太阳活动周期中保持不变。在太阳黑子带,不平衡的符号总是与北半球的极性相一致,而在高纬度地区,不平衡的符号总是与南半球的极性相一致。观察到磁通不平衡与位场源面(PFSS)模型的四极矩(g20)的良好对应关系。太阳黑子区的极性不平衡一方面与太阳恒星磁场的不对称性有关,另一方面与行星际磁场的扇形结构有关。结果表明,活动区磁场与太阳极区磁场有密切的联系。最弱场B<5 G代表一个相当特殊的组,其磁通量与较强场的磁通量反相发展。

英文摘要:

Polarity imbalance of the photospheric magnetic field was studied using synoptic maps of NSO Kitt Peak (1976-2016). Imbalance of positive and negative fluxes was considered for the fields with strength B>50 G in the sunspot zone (5 deg - 40 deg) and for the fields with strength B<50 G at higher latitudes (40 deg - 90 deg). The 22-year periodicity in the imbalance of positive and negative fields was found which maintained itself during four solar cycles. While for the sunspot zone the sign of the imbalance always coincides with the northern hemisphere polarity, for the high latitudes the sign of the imbalance always coincides with the southern hemisphere polarity. Good correspondence of the flux imbalance with the quadrupole moment (g20) of the potential-field source-surface (PFSS) model was observed. The polarity imbalance of the sunspot zone correlates, on one hand, with the asymmetry of the magnetic field of the Sun-as-a-star and, on the other hand, with the sector structure of the interplanetary magnetic field. The obtained results show the close connection of the magnetic fields in active regions with the Sun's polar magnetic field. The weakest fields B<5 G represent quite a special group with the magnetic flux developing in antiphase to the fluxes of the stronger fields.

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