光球FeI和色球MgI谱线的多普勒频移和Stokes轮廓的不对称性
On the Doppler Shift and Asymmetry of Stokes Profiles of Photospheric FeI and Chromospheric MgI Lines
摘要：
我们分析了完整的斯托克斯光谱，同时测量的光球（FeI 630.15和630.25 nm）和色球（MgI b2 517.27 nm）线。这些数据是用HAO/NSO高级斯托克斯偏振仪（NOAA AR 9661）获得的。通过比较三条谱线的多普勒频移和不对称性，可以更好地理解色球谱线以及不同磁区的磁场和流场。主要结果如下：（1）对于光球FeI线观测到的半影区，Stokes I（Vi）的多普勒速度与线偏振剖面（Vlp）的多普勒速度非常接近，但与Stokes V剖面（Vzc）的多普勒速度有显著差异，这为半影区的Evershed流是磁化的并主要由水平磁分量携带提供了直接而有力的证据。(2)初步的逆Evershed效应观察到的MgI b2线提供了一个定性的证据，其形成的高度是周围或刚刚高于温度最低区域。(3)半影区的Vzc和Vlp以及孔隙区的Vzc通常接近色球层MgI线所观测到的Vi，而光球层FeI线的情况并非如此。(4)外半影和孔隙表现出类似的行为的斯托克斯V的不对称性，往往从正值的光球（FeI线），在低色球（MgI线）的负值。(5)谱斑区的Stokes V剖面在光球层中是高度不对称的，而在低色球层中更为对称。(6)强红移和大的不对称性被发现周围的磁极性反转线内的共同半影的三角洲斑点。因此，这项研究强调了使用色球线的分光偏振测量的重要性。
英文摘要：
We analyzed the full Stokes spectra using simultaneous measurements of the photospheric (FeI 630.15 and 630.25 nm) and chromospheric (MgI b2 517.27 nm) lines. The data were obtained with the HAO/NSO Advanced Stokes Polarimeter, about a near disc center sunspot region, NOAA AR 9661. We compare the characteristics of Stokes profiles in terms of Doppler shifts and asymmetries among the three spectral lines, which helps us to better understand the chromospheric lines and the magnetic and flow fields in different magnetic regions. The main results are: (1) For penumbral area observed by the photospheric FeI lines, Doppler velocities derived from Stokes I (Vi) are very close to those derived from linear polarization profiles (Vlp) but significantly different from those derived from Stokes V profiles (Vzc), which provides direct and strong evidence that the penumbral Evershed flows are magnetized and mainly carried by the horizontal magnetic component. (2) The rudimentary inverse Evershed effect observed by the MgI b2 line provides a qualitative evidence on its formation height that is around or just above the temperature minimum region. (3) Vzc and Vlp in penumbrae and Vzc in pores generally approach their Vi observed by the chromospheric MgI line, which is not the case for the photospheric FeI lines. (4) Outer penumbrae and pores show similar behavior of the Stokes V asymmetries that tend to change from positive values in the photosphere (FeI lines) to negative values in the low chromosphere (MgI line). (5) The Stokes V profiles in plage regions are highly asymmetric in the photosphere and more symmetric in the low chromosphere. (6) Strong red shifts and large asymmetries are found around the magnetic polarity inversion line within the common penumbra of the Delta spot. This study thus emphasizes the importance of spectro-polarimetry using chromospheric lines.
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