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arXiv 1703.04499math.PR
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分枝随机游动和树型分枝随机游动的全局生存性

Global survival of branching random walks and tree-like branching random walks

Daniela Bertacchi, Cristian F. Coletti, Fabio Zucca

摘要:

连续时间分支随机游动的再现速度与正参数$λ$成比例。$λ$有一个阈值,称为$λ_w$,它将几乎肯定的全球灭绝与全球生存区分开来。类似地,存在另一个阈值$λ_s$,在该阈值之下,几乎肯定访问任何站点有限次数(即~局部灭绝),而在它之上,有一个正的概率访问每个网站无限多次。局部临界参数$λ_s$是完全理解的,并且可以作为再现率的函数来计算。另一方面,只有对于某些分支随机游动类,已知全局临界参数$λ_w$是再生率的某个函数的逆,我们用$K_w$表示。本文给出了保证全局临界参数等于$1/K_w$的新的充分条件。这一结果推广了以前已知的关于多重图上的分支随机游动和一般分支随机游动的结果。我们表明,这些充分条件是满足周期树状分支随机游动。我们还讨论了连续时间分支过程在不同环境下的临界参数和临界行为。到目前为止,只有$λ_w=1/K_w$已知的例子;这里我们提供了一个$λ_w>1/K_w$的例子。

英文摘要:

The reproduction speed of a continuous-time branching random walk is proportional to a positive parameter $λ$. There is a threshold for $λ$, which is called $λ_w$, that separates almost sure global extinction from global survival. Analogously, there exists another threshold $λ_s$ below which any site is visited almost surely a finite number of times (i.e.~local extinction) while above it there is a positive probability of visiting every site infinitely many times. The local critical parameter $λ_s$ is completely understood and can be computed as a function of the reproduction rates. On the other hand, only for some classes of branching random walks it is known that the global critical parameter $λ_w$ is the inverse of a certain function of the reproduction rates, which we denote by $K_w$. We provide here new sufficient conditions which guarantee that the global critical parameter equals $1/K_w$. This result extends previously known results for branching random walks on multigraphs and general branching random walks. We show that these sufficient conditions are satisfied by periodic tree-like branching random walks. We also discuss the critical parameter and the critical behaviour of continuous-time branching processes in varying environment. So far, only examples where $λ_w=1/K_w$ were known; here we provide an example where $λ_w>1/K_w$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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