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arXiv 1702.08709math-phmath.MPnlin.SIquant-ph
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量子变分原理与量子多形结构:二次拉格朗日量情形

Quantum Variational Principle and quantum multiform structure: the case of quadratic Lagrangians

Steven D. King, Frank W. Nijhoff

摘要:

可积性的现代概念是多维一致性(MDC),它经典地意味着对于同一个因变量,多个自变量中的(交换)动力流共存。这一性质既适用于连续动力系统,也适用于定义在离散时空中的离散动力系统。在离散情况下,最简单的例子可能是线性四边形晶格方程,它可以被看作是著名的晶格势KdV方程的线性化版本。尽管线性,MDC属性是非平凡的系统的参数。这些方程的拉格朗日方面,以及它们的非线性类似物,导致了拉格朗日多形式结构的概念,其中拉格朗日不再是标量函数(或体积形式),而是独立变量的多维空间中的真正形式。变分原理不仅涉及关于场变量的变分,而且涉及关于自变量空间中的几何的变分。在本文中,我们考虑一个量子模拟的新的变分原理的量子传播(或等价的费曼路径积分)。在二次拉格朗日函数的情况下,这些可以用高斯积分来计算。我们还研究了晶格的周期约化导致的离散多时间动力学交换映射,其中最简单的例子是离散谐振子,这令人惊讶地揭示了丰富的可积结构背后,在此研究的基础上,我们提出了一个新的量子变分原理的多形式路径积分。

英文摘要:

A modern notion of integrability is that of multidimensional consistency (MDC), which classically implies the coexistence of (commuting) dynamical flows in several independent variables for one and the same dependent variable. This property holds for both continuous dynamical systems as well as for discrete ones defined in discrete space-time. Possibly the simplest example in the discrete case is that of a linear quadrilateral lattice equation, which can be viewed as a linearised version of the well-known lattice potential Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. In spite of the linearity, the MDC property is non-trivial in terms of the parameters of the system. The Lagrangian aspects of such equations, and their nonlinear analogues, has led to the notion of Lagrangian multiform structures, where the Lagrangians are no longer scalar functions (or volume forms) but genuine forms in a multidimensional space of independent variables. The variational principle involves variations not only with respect to the field variables, but also with respect to the geometry in the space of independent variables. In this paper we consider a quantum analogue of this new variational principle by means of quantum propagators (or equivalently Feynman path integrals). In the case of quadratic Lagrangians these can be evaluated in terms of Gaussian integrals. We study also periodic reductions of the lattice leading to discrete multi-time dynamical commuting mappings, the simplest example of which is the discrete harmonic oscillator, which surprisingly reveals a rich integrable structure behind it. On the basis of this study we propose a new quantum variational principle in terms of multiform path integrals.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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