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arXiv 1611.02452astro-ph.SR
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在选定的OB星协中最亮恒星的变率调查

Variability survey of brightest stars in selected OB associations

Jaan Laur, Indrek Kolka, Tõnis Eenmäe, Taavi Tuvikene, Laurits Leedjärv

摘要:

大质量恒星的恒星演化理论仍然没有用高精度光度观测数据进行校准,这主要是因为从太空监测到的发光恒星数量很少。全天空自动巡天仪已经发现了大量的变星,但大多数明亮的恒星往往曝光过度。有针对性的活动可以改善这些对象的光度数据的时基。本研究的目的是研究年轻疏散星团和OB星协中亮星在不同时间尺度上的变化。从2011年到2013年,我们使用0.25米的望远镜监测了22个疏散星团和星协。变星是通过比较总的光变曲线散射与测量不确定性来探测的。通过光变曲线特征提取工具FATS分析变异性。脉动星的周期是用离散傅里叶变换代码SigSpec确定的。然后,我们分类的变星根据其脉动周期和可用的光谱信息。我们获得了光变曲线超过20000来源,其中354被发现是可变的。其中食双星80颗,天鹅座$α$ 31颗,仙王座$β$ 13颗,铍62颗,慢脉动双星B 16颗,造父变星7颗,剑鱼座$γ$ 1颗,沃尔夫-拉叶星3颗,晚型变星63颗。这些恒星中有55%是潜在的新发现,因为它们不在变星索引(VSX)数据库中。我们发现变星的星团成员分数为13%,上限为35%。

英文摘要:

The stellar evolution theory of massive stars remains uncalibrated with high-precision photometric observational data mainly due to a small number of luminous stars that are monitored from space. Automated all-sky surveys have revealed numerous variable stars but most of the luminous stars are often overexposed. Targeted campaigns can improve the time base of photometric data for those objects. The aim of this investigation is to study the variability of luminous stars at different timescales in young open clusters and OB associations. We monitored 22 open clusters and associations from 2011 to 2013 using a 0.25-m telescope. Variable stars were detected by comparing the overall light-curve scatter with measurement uncertainties. Variability was analysed by the light curve feature extraction tool FATS. Periods of pulsating stars were determined using the discrete Fourier transform code SigSpec. We then classified the variable stars based on their pulsation periods and available spectral information. We obtained light curves for more than 20000 sources of which 354 were found to be variable. Amongst them we find 80 eclipsing binaries, 31 $α$ Cyg, 13 $β$ Cep, 62 Be, 16 slowly pulsating B, 7 Cepheid, 1 $γ$ Doradus, 3 Wolf-Rayet and 63 late-type variable stars. Up to 55% of these stars are potential new discoveries as they are not present in the Variable Star Index (VSX) database. We find the cluster membership fraction for variable stars to be 13% with an upper limit of 35%.

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