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arXiv 1504.03568astro-ph.SR
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年轻的低质量恒星ISO-Oph-50:由星团演化的星周盘引起的极端变率

The young low-mass star ISO-Oph-50: Extreme variability induced by a clumpy, evolving circumstellar disk

Aleks Scholz, Koraljka Muzic, Vincent Geers

摘要:

ISO-Oph-50是~Myr古老蛇夫座恒星形成区中的一个年轻低质量天体,其光学/近/中红外亮度发生了2-4等的剧烈变化。我们提出了新的多波段测光和近红外光谱,结合现有文献数据的概要。根据光谱学,该来源被确认为中M矮星,有证据表明正在进行吸积。近红外光变曲线显示出大尺度的变化,在IJHK波段有2-4等的振幅,当物体微弱时通常会更蓝。接近其最亮的状态,对象显示颜色变化一致的变量消光dAV~7马格。高节奏监测在3.6亩揭示准周期性变化与典型的时间尺度为1-2周。对这些特征的最好解释是通过星周物质看到的低质量恒星,其复杂的变化是由盘内部的不均匀性变化引起的。当微弱时,恒星的直接辐射被阻挡;近红外辐射主要是散射光。当明亮时,发射与被星周尘埃强烈变红的光球一致。根据现有的限制,不均匀性必须位于或超过~0.1 AU距离的恒星。如果这种情况被证明是正确的,内盘的主要部分必须是混乱的,结构化的,和/或混乱的。在其观测特征中,该天体类似于其他类型的YSO,其内部圆盘具有可变性。然而,与其他物体相比,ISO-Oph-50显然是一个极端的情况,因为它的亮度和颜色变化幅度很大,而且行为不稳定。自2013年以来,ISO-Oph-50一直接近其最亮状态;强烈鼓励进一步监测。

英文摘要:

ISO-Oph-50 is a young low-mass object in the ~Myr old Ophiuchus star forming region undergoing dramatic changes in its optical/near/mid-infrared brightness by 2-4 mag. We present new multi-band photometry and near-infrared spectra, combined with a synopsis of the existing literature data. Based on the spectroscopy, the source is confirmed as a mid M dwarf, with evidence for ongoing accretion. The near-infrared lightcurves show large-scale variations, with 2-4 mag amplitude in the bands IJHK, with the object generally being bluer when faint. Near its brightest state, the object shows colour changes consistent with variable extinction of dAV~7 mag. High-cadence monitoring at 3.6mu reveals quasi-periodic variations with a typical timescale of 1-2 weeks. The best explanation for these characteristics is a low-mass star seen through circumstellar matter, whose complex variability is caused by changing inhomogeneities in the inner parts of the disk. When faint, the direct stellar emission is blocked; the near-infrared radiation is dominated by scattered light. When bright, the emission is consistent with a photosphere strongly reddened by circumstellar dust. Based on the available constraints, the inhomogeneities have to be located at or beyond ~0.1 AU distance from the star. If this scenario turns out to be correct, a major portion of the inner disk has to be clumpy, structured, and/or in turmoil. In its observational characteristics, this object resembles other types of YSOs with variability caused in the inner disk. Compared to other objects, however, ISO-Oph-50 is clearly an extreme case, given the large amplitude of the brightness and colour changes combined with the erratic behaviour. ISO-Oph-50 has been near its brightest state since 2013; further monitoring is highly encouraged.

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