Thomas Mettler
We introduce the notion of a minimal Lagrangian connection on the tangent bundle of a manifold and classify all such connections in the case where the manifold is a compact oriented surface of non-vanishing Euler characteristic. Combining our classification with results of Labourie and Loftin, we conclude that every properly convex projective surface arises from a unique minimal Lagrangian connection.
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We derive explicit, uniform, a priori interior Hessian and gradient estimates for special Lagrangian equations of all phases in dimension two.
We construct singular solutions to special Lagrangian equa- tions with subcritical phases and minimal surface systems. A priori estimate breaking families of smooth solutions are also produced cor- respondingly. A priori estimates for special Lagrangian equations with certain convexity are largely known by now.
We extend Osserman's lemma on the generalized Gauss map of two-dimensional minimal graphs of higher codimension, construct a Jenkins-Serrin type special Lagrangian Scherk graph explicitly, and generalize Calabi's correspondence between minimal graphs and maximal graphs.
Hamiltonian minimality (H-minimality) for Lagrangian submanifolds is a symplectic analogue of Riemannian minimality. A Lagrangian submanifold is called H-minimal if the variations of its volume along all Hamiltonian vector fields are zero. This notion was introduced in the work of Y.-G. Oh in connection with the celebrated Arnold conjecture on the number of fixed points of a Hamiltonian symplectomorphism. In the previous works the authors defined and studied a family of H-minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in complex space arising from intersections of Hermitian quadrics. Here we extend this cons…
H-minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in general Kähler manifolds generalize special Lagrangian submanifolds in Calabi-Yau manifolds. In this paper we will use the deformation theory of H-minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in Kähler manifolds to construct minimal Lagrangian torus in certain Kähler-Einstein manifolds with negative first Chern class.
In this paper, we prove some Bernstein type results for $n$-dimensional minimal Lagrangian graphs in quaternion Euclidean space $H^n\cong R^{4n}$. In particular, we also get a new Bernstein Theorem for special Lagrangian graphs in $C^n$
Following earlier work of Loftin-McIntosh, we study minimal Lagrangian immersions of the universal cover of a closed surface (of genus at least 2) into CH2, with prescribed data of a conformal structure plus a holomorphic cubic differential. We show existence and non-uniqueness of such minimal Lagrangian immersions. We also establish the surface area with respect to the induced metric as a Weil-Petersson potential function for the space of holomorphic cubic differentials on the Riemann surface.
Let Ωand \tildeΩ be uniformly convex domains in \mathbb{R}^n with smooth boundary. We show that there exists a diffeomorphism f: Ω\to \tildeΩ such that the graph Σ= \{(x,f(x)): x \in Ω\} is a minimal Lagrangian submanifold of \mathbb{R}^n \times \mathbb{R}^n.
Let N be a complete, simply-connected surface of constant curvature κ\leq 0. Moreover, suppose that Ωand \tildeΩ are strictly convex domains in N with the same area. We show that there exists an area-preserving diffeomorphism from Ωto \tildeΩ whose graph is a minimal submanifold of N \times N.
The purpose of this paper is to reveal the relationship between the total curvature and the global behavior of the Gauss map of a complete minimal Lagrangian surface in the complex two-space. To achieve this purpose, we show the precise maximal number of exceptional values of the Gauss map for a complete minimal Lagrangian surface with finite total curvature in the complex two-space. Moreover, we prove that if the Gauss map of a complete minimal Lagrangian surface which is not a Lagrangian plane omits three values, then it takes all other values infinitely many times.
Let $L$ be a special Lagrangian submanifold of a compact, Calabi-Yau manifold $M$ with boundary lying on the symplectic, codimension 2 submanifold $W$. It is shown how deformations of $L$ which keep the boundary of $L$ confined to $W$ can be described by an elliptic boundary value problem, and two results about minimal Lagrangian submanifolds with boundary are derived using this fact. The first is that the space of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds near $L$ with boundary on $W$ is found to be finite dimensional and is parametrised over the space of harmonic 1-forms of $L$ satisfying Neumann boun…
We give a survey of various existence results for minimal Lagrangian graphs. We also discuss the mean curvature flow for Lagrangian graphs.
Consider the complex linear space C^n endowed with the canonical pseudo-Hermitian form of signature (2p,2(n-p)). This yields both a pseudo-Riemannian and a symplectic structure on C^n. We prove that those submanifolds which are both Lagrangian and minimal with respect to these structures minimize the volume in their Lagrangian homology class. We also describe several families of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds. In particular, we characterize the minimal Lagrangian surfaces in C^2 endowed with its natural neutral metric and the equivariant minimal Lagrangian submanifolds of C^n with arbitrary s…
Given a minimal Lagrangian submanifold L in a negative Kaehler--Einstein manifold M, we show that any small Kaehler--Einstein perturbation of M induces a deformation of L which is minimal Lagrangian with respect to the new structure. This provides a new source of examples of minimal Lagrangians. More generally, the same is true for the larger class of totally real J-minimal submanifolds in Kaehler manifolds with negative definite Ricci curvature.
In this work, we find spectral data that allow to find Hamiltonian-minimal Lagrangian tori in $CP^2$ in terms of theta functions of spectral curves.
We use an elliptic differential equation of Tzitzeica type to construct a minimal Lagrangian surface in CH2 from the data of a compact hyperbolic Riemann surface and a small holomorphic cubic differential. The minimal Lagrangian surface is invariant under an SU(2,1) action of the fundamental group. We further parameterise a neighborhood of the R-Fuchsian representations in the representation space by pairs consisting of a point in Teichmuller space and a small cubic differential. By constructing a fundamental domain, we show these representations are complex-hyperbolic quasi-Fuchsian, thus rec…
In this note, we present a new look at translationally equivariant minimal Lagrangian surfaces in the complex projective plane via the loop group method.
We obtain some equations for Hamiltonian-minimal Lagrangian surfaces in CP^2 and give their particular solutions in the case of tori.
In this paper, we employ the loop group method to study the construction of minimal Lagrangian surfaces in the complex projective plane for which the surface is contractible. We present several new classes of minimal Lagrangian surfaces in $\mathbb{C} P^2$.
In this paper we investigate surfaces in $\mathbb C P^2$ without complex points and characterize the minimal surfaces without complex points and the minimal Lagrangian surfaces by Ruh-Vilms type theorems. We also discuss the liftability of an immersion from a surface to $\mathbb C P^2$ into $S^5$ in Appendix A.
Rigidity of minimal Lagrangian diffeomorphisms between spherical cone surfaces
本文证明具有锥奇点的闭球面之间的极小拉格朗日微分同胚必为等距映射，并将Liebmann刚性定理推广到常正高斯曲率闭曲面的分支浸入情形。
In this note, we study minimal Lagrangian surfaces in $\mathbb{B}^4$ with Legendrian capillary boundary on $\mathbb{S}^3$. On the one hand, we prove that any minimal Lagrangian surface in $\mathbb{B}^4$ with Legendrian free boundary on $\mathbb{S}^3$ must be an equatorial plane disk. One the other hand, we show that any annulus type minimal Lagrangian surface in $\mathbb{B}^4$ with Legendrian capillary boundary on $\mathbb{S}^3$ must be congruent to one of the Lagrangian catenoids. These results confirm the conjecture proposed by Li, Wang and Weng (Sci. China Math., 2020).
We derive a Bernstein type result for the special Lagrangian equation, namely, any global convex solution must be quadratic. In terms of minimal surfaces, the result says that any global minimal Lagrangian graph with convex potential must be a hyper-plane.
In this paper we construct new examples of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in the complex hyperbolic space with large symmetry groups, obtaining three 1-parameter families with cohomegeneity one. We characterize them as the only minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in CH^n foliated by umbilical hypersurfaces of Lagrangian subspaces RH^n of CH^n. Several suitable generalizations of the above construction allow us to get new families of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in CH^n from curves in CH^1 and (n-1)-dimensional minimal Lagrangian submanifolds of the complex space forms CP^n-1, CH^n-1 and C^n-1.…
In this paper we continue our study of equivariant minimal Lagrangian surfaces in $\mathbb{C} P^2$, characterizing the rotationally equivariant cases and providing explicit formulae for relevant geometric quantities of translationally equivariant minimal Lagrangian surfaces in terms of Weierstrass elliptic functions.
The aim of this paper is to study variational properties for $f$-minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in Kähler manifolds with real holomorphy potentials. Examples of submanifolds of this kind incuding soliton solutions for Lagrangian mean curvature flow (LMCF). We derive second variation formula for $f$-minimal Lagrangians as a generalization of Chen and Oh's formula for minimal Lagrangians. As a corollary, we obtain stability of expanding and translating solitons for LMCF. We also define calibrated submanifolds with respect to $f$-volume in gradient steady Kähler--Ricci solitons as generalization…
Minimal Lagrangian surfaces in $\mathbb{C}P^2$ via the loop group method Part II: The general case
本文将环路群方法从可缩黎曼曲面推广到任意黎曼曲面，构造 $\mathbb{C}P^2$ 中的极小拉格朗日浸入与柱面，并证明其逼近 Delaunay 柱面。
Using Legendrian immersions and, in particular, Legendre curves in odd dimensional spheres and anti De Sitter spaces, we provide a method of construction of new examples of Hamiltonian-minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in complex projective and hyperbolic spaces, including explicit one parameter families of embeddings of quotients of certain product manifolds. In addition, new examples of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in complex projective and hyperbolic spaces also appear. Making use of all of them, we get Hamiltonian-minimal and special Lagrangian cones in complex Euclidean space too.
We show that Lagrangian submanifolds in six-dimensional nearly Kähler (non Kähler) manifolds and in twistor spaces $Z\sp{4n+2}$ over quaternionic Kähler manifolds $Q\sp{4n}$ are minimal. Moreover, we will prove that any Lagrangian submanifold $L$ in a nearly Kähler manifold $M$ splits into a product of two Lagrangian submanifolds for which one factor is Lagrangian in the strict nearly Kähler part of $M$ and the second factor is Lagrangian in the Kähler part of $M$. Using this splitting theorem we then describe Lagrangian submanifolds in nearly Kähler manifolds of dimensions six, eight and ten.
We study the energy functional on the set of Lagrangian tori in $\mathbb{C}P^2$ . We prove that the value of the energy functional on a certain family of Hamiltonian minimal Lagrangian tori in $\mathbb{C}P^2$ is strictly larger than energy of the Clifford torus.
It is proved that the moduli space of all connected compact orientable embedded minimal affine Lagrangian submanifolds of a complex equiaffine space constitutes an infinite dimensional Frechet manifold (if it is not the empty set). The moduli space of all connected compact orientable metric Lagrangian embedded surfaces in an almost Kaehler 4-dimensional manifold forms an infinite dimensional Frechet manifold (if it is not the empty set).
In this note we show that Hamiltonian stable minimal Lagrangian submanifolds of projective space need not have parallel second fundamental form.
In this article we study complex properties of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in Kaehler ambient spaces, and how they depend on the ambient curvature. In particular, we prove that, in the negative curvature case, minimal Lagrangians do not admit fillings by holomorphic discs. The proof relies on a mix of holomorphic curve techniques and on certain convexity results.
The differential system for minimal Lagrangian surfaces in a $2_{\mathbb{C}}$-dimensional, non-flat, complex space form is an elliptic system defined on the bundle of oriented Lagrangian planes. This is a 6-symmetric space associated with the Lie group SL(3,$\mathbb{C}$), and the minimal Lagrangian surfaces arise as the primitive maps. Utilizing this property, we derive the differential algebraic inductive formulas for a pair of loop algebra $\mathfrak{sl}(3,\mathbb{C})[[λ]]$-valued canonical formal Killing fields. As a result, we give a complete classification of the (infinite sequence of) Ja…
We study non-totally geodesic Lagrangian submanifolds of the nearly Kähler $\mathbb{S}^3 \times \mathbb{S}^3$ for which the projection on the first component is nowhere of maximal rank. We show that this property can be expressed in terms of the so called angle functions and that such Lagrangian submanifolds are closely related to minimal surfaces in $\mathbb{S}^3$. Indeed, starting from an arbitrary minimal surface, we can construct locally a large family of such Lagrangian immersions, including one exceptional example.
We deal with the minimal Lagrangian surfaces of the Einstein-Kähler surface $S^2 \times S^2$, studying local geometric properties and showing that they can be locally described as Gauss maps of minimal surfaces in $S^3 \subset R^4$. We also discuss the second variation of the area and characterize the most relevant examples by their stability behaviour.
Uniqueness of embedded minimal Lagrangian tori in $\mathbb{CP}^2$
本文证明复射影平面中任意嵌入极小拉格朗日环面必全等于克利福德环面，方法为利用五维球面归一化水平提升构造两点函数。
In this paper by reduction we construct a family of conformally flat Hamiltonian-minimal Lagrangian tori in $\mathbb{CP}^3$ as the image of the composition of the Hopf map $\mathcal{H}: \mathbb{S}^7\to \mathbb{CP}^3$ and a map $ψ:\mathbb{R}^3 \to \mathbb{S}^7$ with certain conditions.
In this paper we consider minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in $n$-dimensional complex space forms. More precisely, we study such submanifolds which, endowed with the induced metrics, write as a Riemannian product of two Riemannian manifolds, each having constant sectional curvature. As the main result, we give a complete classification of these submanifolds.
Counting Minimal Lagrangians Via Mirzakhani Functions
研究极小拉格朗日流形的计数问题，证明其数量随面积增长而呈A^{6(k-1)}次方规律，并给出Mirzakhani函数的显式主系数。
We deal with Lagrangian systems that are invariant under the action of a symmetry group. The mechanical connection is a principal connection that is associated to Lagrangians which have a kinetic energy function that is defined by a Riemannian metric. In this paper we extend this notion to arbitrary Lagrangians. We then derive the reduced Lagrange-Poincare equations in a new fashion and we show how solutions of the Euler-Lagrange equations can be reconstructed with the help of the mechanical connection. Illustrative examples confirm the theory.
In this paper we suggest a method for constructing minimal Lagrangian immersions of $R^2$ in $CP^2$ with induced diagonal metric in terms of Baker-Akhiezer functions of algebraic curves.
In this paper we use structure preserving torus actions on Kahler-Einstein manifolds to construct minimal Lagrangian submanifolds. Our main result is: Let N^2n be a Kahler-Einstein manifold with positive scalar curvature with an effective T^n-action. Then precisely one regular orbit L of the T-action is a minimal Lagrangian submanifold of N. Moreover there is an (n-1)-torus T^n-1 in T^n and a sequence of non-flat immersed minimal Lagrangian tori L_k in N, invariant under T^n-1 s.t. L_k locally converge to L (in particular the supremum of the sectional curvatures of L_k and the distance between…
We introduce a structural approach to study Lagrangian submanifolds of the complex hyperquadric in arbitrary dimension by using its family of non-integrable almost product structures. In particular, we define local angle functions encoding the geometry of the Lagrangian submanifold at hand. We prove that these functions are constant in the special case that the Lagrangian immersion is the Gauss map of an isoparametric hypersurface of a sphere and give the relation with the constant principal curvatures of the hypersurface. We also use our techniques to classify all minimal Lagrangian submanifo…
We describe several families of Lagrangian submanifolds in the complex Euclidean space which are H-minimal, i.e. critical points of the volume functional restricted to Hamiltonian variations. We make use of various constructions involving planar, spherical and hyperbolic curves, as well as Legendrian submanifolds of the odd-dimensional unit sphere.
We show that for every non-negative integer n there is a real n-dimensional family of minimal Lagrangian tori in CP^2, and hence of special Lagrangian cones in C^3 whose link is a torus. The proof utilises the fact that such tori arise from integrable systems, and can be described using algebro-geometric (spectral curve) data.
Let $M$ be a Fano manifold equipped with a Kähler form $ω\in 2πc_1(M)$ and $K$ a connected compact Lie group acting on $M$ as holomorphic isometries. In this paper, we show the minimality of a $K$-invariant Lagrangian submanifold $L$ in $M$ w.r.t. a globally conformal Kähler metric is equivalent to the minimality of the reduced Lagrangian submanifold $L_0=L/K$ in a Kähler quotient $M_0$ w.r.t. the Hsiang-Lawson metric. Furthermore, we give some examples of Kähler reductions by using a circle action obtained from a cohomogenenity one action on a Kähler-Einstein manifold of positive Ricci curvat…
It has been known for some time that there exist $5$ essentially different real forms of the complex affine Kac-Moody algebra of type $A_2^{(2)}$ and that one can associate $4$ of these real forms with certain classes of "integrable surfaces", such as minimal Lagrangian surfaces in $\mathbb {CP}^2$ and $\mathbb {CH}^2$, as well as definite and indefinite affine spheres in $\mathbb R^3$. In this paper we consider the class of timelike minimal Lagrangian surfaces in the indefinite complex hyperbolic two-space $\mathbb{CH}^2_1$. We show that this class of surfaces corresponds to the fifth real fo…
Dynamical Stability of Minimal Lagrangians in Kähler-Einstein Manifolds of Non-Positive Curvature
本文证明了非正曲率Kähler-Einstein流形中极小拉格朗日子流形在拉格朗日平均曲率流下具有动力学稳定性，建立了其与线性稳定性的等价性，并指出C^1-接近与哈密顿同痕条件下流全局存在且收敛，而C^0-接近情形不成立。
Let L be a Lagrangian submanifold of a pseudo- or para-Kähler manifold which is H-minimal, i.e. a critical point of the volume functional restricted to Hamiltonian variations. We derive the second variation of the volume of L with respect to Hamiltonian variations. We apply this formula to several cases. In particular we observe that a minimal Lagrangian submanifold L in a Ricci-flat pseudo- or para-Kähler manifold is H-stable, i.e. its second variation is definite and L therefore a local extremizer of the volume with respect to Hamiltonian variations. We also give a stability criterion for sp…
We investigate which orbits of an $n$-dimensional torus action on a $2n$-dimensional toric Kähler manifold $M$ are minimal. In other words, we study minimal submanifolds appearing as the fibres of the moment map on a toric Kähler manifold. Amongst other questions we investigate and give partial answers to the following: (1) How many such minimal Lagrangian tori exist? (2) Can their stability, as critical points of the area functional, be characterised just from the ambient geometry? (3) Given a toric symplectic manifold, for which sets of orbits $S$, is there a compatible toric Kähler metric w…
We discuss the interplay between lagrangian distributions and connections in symplectic geometry, beginning with the traditional case of symplectic manifolds and then passing to the more general context of poly- and multisymplectic structures on fiber bundles, which is relevant for the covariant hamiltonian formulation of classical field theory. In particular, we generalize Weinstein's tubular neighborhood theorem for symplectic manifolds carrying a (simple) lagrangian foliation to this situation. In all cases, the Bott connection, or an appropriately extended version thereof, plays a central …
We show that the Clifford torus and the totally geodesic real projective plane RP^2 in the complex projective plane CP^2 are the unique Hamiltonian stable minimal Lagrangian compact surfaces of CP^2 with genus less than or equal to 4, when the surface is orientable, and with Euler characteristic greater than or equal to -1, when the surface is nonorientable. Also we characterize RP^2 in CP^2 as the least possible index minimal Lagrangian compact nonorientable surface of CP^2.
We consider smoothings of a complex surface with singularities of class T and no nontrivial holomorphic vector field. Under an hypothesis of non degeneracy of the smoothing at each singular point, we prove that if the singular surface admits an extremal metric, then the smoothings also admit extremal metrics in nearby Kähler classes. In addition, we construct small Lagrangian stationary spheres which represent Lagrangian vanishing cycles for surfaces close to the singular one.
In this paper, a correspondence via duality is established between the set of locally strongly convex symmetric equiaffine hyperspheres and the set of minimal symmetric Lagrangian submanifolds in a certain complex space form. By using this correspondence theorem, we are able to provide an alternative proof of the classification theorem for the locally strongly convex equiaffine hypersurfaces with parallel Fubini-Pick forms, which has been established recently by Z.J. Hu etc in a totally different way.
We show that, in toric Kaehler geometry, the sign of the Ricci curvature corresponds exactly to convexity properties of the volume functional. We also discuss analogous relationships in the more general context of quasi-homogeneous manifolds, and existence results for minimal Lagrangian submanifolds.
We show the total space of the canonical line bundle $\mathbb{L}$ of a Kahler-Einstein manifold $X^n$ supports integrable $SU(n+1)$ structures, or Calabi-Yau structures. The canonical real line bundle $L \subset \mathbb{L}$ over a minimal Lagrangian submanifold $M \subset X$ is calibrated in this setting and hence can be considered as the special Lagrangian lift of $M$. For the integrable $G_2$ and $Spin(7)$ structures on spin bundles and bundles of anti-self-dual 2-forms on self-dual Einstein 4-manifolds constructed by Bryant and Salamon, minimal surfaces with vanishing complex quartic form (…
Let $(N,g_{0})$ be a Kahler-Einstein surface with the first Chern class negative and assume that there exists a branched Lagrangian minimal surfaces with respect to the metric $g_{0}$. We show that when the Kahler-Einstein metric is changed in the same component (i.e. the complex structure is changed), the Lagrangian minimal surface can be deformed accordingly. To get the result, we first obtain a theorem on the deformation of the branched minimal surfaces in a complete Riemannian $n$-manifold and also generalize a result of J. Chen and G. Tian on the limit of adjunction numbers.
We propose a new method for the construction of Hamiltonian-minimal and minimal Lagrangian immersions of some manifolds in $C^n$ and in $CP^n$. By this method one can construct, in particular, immersions of such manifolds as the generalized Klein's bottle $K^n$, the multidimensional torus, $K^{n-1}\times S^1$, $S^{n-1}\times S^1$, and others. In some cases these immersions are embeddings. For example, it is possible to embed the following manifolds: $K^{2n+1},$ $S^{2n+1}\times S^1$, $K^{2n+1}\times S^1$, $S^{2n+1}\times S^1\times S^1$.
The purpose of this note is to establish the following theorem: Let N be a Kahler manifold, L be a compact oriented immersed minimal Lagrangian submanifold in N and V be a holomorphic vector field in a neighbourhood of L in N. Let div(V) be the (complex) divergence of V. Then the integral of div(V) over L is 0. Vice versa let N^2n be Kahler-Einstein with non-zero scalar curvature and L^n be a totally real oriented embedded n-dimensional real-analytic submanifold of N s.t. the divergence of any holomorphic vector field defined in a neighbourhood of L in N integrates to 0 on L. Then L is a minim…
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