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arXiv 1608.08635cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.mes-hall
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自旋冰薄膜:表面有序、部分磁润湿和方冰的出现

Spin Ice Thin Film: Surface Ordering, Partial Magnetic Wetting and Emergent Square Ice

L. D. C. Jaubert, T. Lin, T. S. Opel, P. C. W. Holdsworth, M. J. P. Gingras

摘要:

受Dy $_{2}$ Ti $_{2}$ O $_{7}$和Ho $_{2}$ Ti $_{2}$ O $_{7}$自旋冰薄膜最近实现的启发,以及更普遍的受限规范场物理,我们研究了表面垂直于$[001]$立方轴的自旋冰薄膜模型。由此产生的开放边界使界面上的一半键不相等。通过调整这些不等价的“孤儿”键的强度,偶极相互作用诱导了一种表面有序化,相当于磁性表面电荷的二维结晶。这种表面有序化也可以在大块晶体的表面上预期。与软物质中的部分润湿类似,表面下的自旋比本体中的自旋更相关,但\emph{not}有序。对于由一个立方晶胞制成的冰膜,一旦表面有序,则方形冰相在有限的温度窗口内稳定,正如其熵和结构因子中存在夹点所证实的那样。最终,在较低的温度下,方冰的简并度被解除,并且系统的顺序类似于众所周知的$6$ -顶点模型的$F$ -转变。

英文摘要:

Motivated by recent realizations of Dy$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ and Ho$_{2}$Ti$_{2}$O$_{7}$ spin ice thin films, and more generally by the physics of confined gauge fields, we study a model of spin ice thin film with surfaces perpendicular to the $[001]$ cubic axis. The resulting open boundaries make half of the bonds on the interfaces inequivalent. By tuning the strength of these inequivalent "orphan" bonds, dipolar interactions induce a surface ordering equivalent to a two-dimensional crystallization of magnetic surface charges. This surface ordering can also be expected on the surfaces of bulk crystals. In analogy with partial wetting in soft matter, spins just below the surface are more correlated than in the bulk, but \emph{not} ordered. For ultrathin films made of one cubic unit cell, once the surfaces are ordered, a square ice phase is stabilized over a finite temperature window, as confirmed by its entropy and the presence of pinch points in the structure factor. Ultimately, the square ice degeneracy is lifted at lower temperature and the system orders in analogy with the well-known $F$-transition of the $6$-vertex model.

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