当对立面相斥时：从亚稳态到具有短程拓扑缺陷相互作用的自旋冰中的扩展手征自旋织构
When opposites repel: from metastability to extended chiral spin textures in spin ice with short-range topological-defect interactions
摘要：
我们研究了库仑自旋液体中平衡的拓扑瓶颈和能量障碍的相互作用，其中在紧急规范场下充电的缺陷之间的短程能量耦合补充了它们的熵长程库仑相互作用。这项工作的动机是在广泛的几何挫折磁性材料，可能包括在Pr2Ir2O7中观察到的自发霍尔效应观察到的记忆效应的流行。我们的模型是烧绿石晶格上的正则自旋冰模型，其中远邻自旋耦合引起拓扑缺陷之间的最近邻相互作用，该拓扑缺陷可以很容易地选择为非自然的或不自然的，即相等规范电荷的缺陷之间的吸引力或排斥力。该模型的新特性如下。在施加场淬灭后，出现了一种丰富的动态平衡方法，主要是由负责长寿命磁化平台的多尺度能量势垒。这些甚至允许“碎片化”自旋液体的亚稳性，这是一种难以捉摸的状态，其中部分有序与自旋液体共存。也许最引人注目的是，吸引力产生的缺陷集群，其稳定性是由于他们的分裂和接近相反的电荷以及熵的障碍所产生的拓扑要求湮灭的缺陷只与一个带相反电荷的对应物的能量障碍的组合。这些团簇可能采取“水母”自旋结构的形式，包括以具有任意长度分支的六边形环为中心的相同符号规范电荷的排列。该环承载顺时针或逆时针的磁化循环流。这种紧急的环形自由度提供了一种可能性，时间反演对称性破缺与可能的相关性，观察到的自发霍尔效应Pr2Ir2O7。
英文摘要：
We study the interplay of topological bottlenecks and energetic barriers to equilibration in a Coulomb spin liquid where a short-range energetic coupling between defects charged under an emergent gauge field supplements their entropic long-range Coulomb interaction. This work is motivated by the prevalence of memory effects observed across a wide range of geometrically frustrated magnetic materials, possibly including the spontaneous Hall effect observed in Pr2Ir2O7. Our model is canonical spin-ice model on the pyrochlore lattice, where farther-neighbour spin couplings give rise to a nearest-neighbor interaction between topological defects which can easily be chosen to be unnatural or not, i.e. attractive or repulsive between defects of equal gauge charge. Among the novel features of this model are the following. After applying a field quench, a rich dynamical approach to equilibrium emerges, dominated by multi-scale energy barriers responsible for long-lived magnetization plateaux. These even allow for the metastability of a "fragmented" spin liquid, an elusive regime where partial order co-exists with a spin liquid. Perhaps most strikingly, the attraction produces clusters of defects whose stability is due to a combination of energetic barriers for their break-up and proximity of opposite charges along with an entropic barrier generated by the topological requirement of annihilating a defect only together with an oppositely charged counterpart. These clusters may take the form of a "jellyfish" spin texture, comprising an arrangement of same-sign gauge-charges, centered on a hexagonal ring with branches of arbitrary length. The ring carries a clockwise or counterclockwise circular flow of magnetisation. This emergent toroidal degrees of freedom provides a possibility for time reversal symmetry breaking with possible relevance to the spontaneous Hall effect observed in Pr2Ir2O7.
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