在邻域上倾倒拓扑荷：胶体和涡旋的冰流形
Dumping Topological Charges on Neighbors: Ice Manifolds for Colloids and Vortices
摘要：
我们研究了最近报道的纳米结构超导体中的钉扎涡旋或光阱中的胶体与自旋冰材料之间的类比。胶体和涡旋的阻挫与自旋冰有本质的不同。然而，它们的有效能量是由与拓扑电荷相关的紧急场的贡献而相同的，从而导致偶（奇）配位格的（准）冰流形。的等价性延伸到当地的低能量动力学的冰歧管，几何硬约束的效果可以归入到空间调制的紧急领域，介导的拓扑电荷之间的熵相互作用。在那里，就像在自旋冰材料中一样，真正的冰流形进入库仑相，而准冰流形则由嵌入拓扑电荷的等离子体提供一个定义良好的屏蔽长度。在混合配位格中，由于子格之间的拓扑电荷转移，两个体系之间的等价性被打破。我们讨论社会和经济网络的扩展。
英文摘要：
We investigate the recently reported analogies between pinned vortices in nano-structured superconductors or colloids in optical traps, and spin ice materials. The frustration of colloids and vortices differs essentially from spin ice. However, their effective energetics is made identical by the contribution of an emergent field associated to the topological charge, thus leading to a (quasi) ice manifold for lattices of even (odd) coordination. The equivalence extends to the local low-energy dynamics of the ice manifold, where the effect of geometric hard constraints can be subsumed into the spatial modulation of the emergent field, which mediates an entropic interaction between topological charges. There, as in spin ice materials, genuine ice manifolds enter a Coulomb phase, whereas quasi-ice manifolds posses a well defined screening length, provided by a plasma of embedded topological charges. The equivalence between the two systems breaks down in lattices of mixed coordination because of topological charge transfer between sub-latices. We discuss extensions to social and economical networks.
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