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arXiv 1608.02790astro-ph.HE
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致密双星系统中吸积盘中粘性过程对质量吸积率变化的涂抹

Smearing of mass accretion rate variation by viscous processes in accretion disks in compact binary systems

Arindam Ghosh, Sandip Kumar Chakrabarti

摘要:

来自伴星的质量供给率的变化可以被吸积盘内部的粘性过程所掩盖。当流动到达内边缘时,X射线的变化不需要反映外边缘处速率的真实变化。然而,如果粘性在平均值附近波动,则可以预期粘性时间尺度也在平均值附近扩展。在HMXB中,粘性开普勒盘的尺寸较小,因此与LMXB相比,这种传播可能更低。如果粘度有增加或减少的趋势,则将系统地修改增强发射之间的间隔。在没有充分了解质量供应率的变化外边缘,我们研究理想的情况下,调制必须发生在轨道的时间尺度时,有一个椭圆形的轨道。我们使用长期RXTE/ASM(1.5-12 keV)和Swift/BAT(15- 50 keV)数据研究了一些紧凑型双星,以寻找这种效应,并推断这些结果可以告诉我们有关各自磁盘内的粘性过程。我们采用三种不同的方法来寻找X射线变化的周期性印记,发现在所有情况下,功率密度谱中的峰值位置与轨道频率一致。有趣的是,在HMXB中,峰值是尖锐的,具有高均方根值,这与风馈系统中的小开普勒圆盘一致。然而,在具有较大开普勒圆盘的LMXB中,峰值以低得多的均方根值展开。X射线反射,或也可能导致这种X射线调制的超级驼峰现象不会受到开普勒圆盘大小的影响。我们的结果证实了不同大小的开普勒磁盘在2类双星。如果一个双星系统的轨道周期是未知的,它可以得到合理的精度为HMXB和LMXB的精度较低的方法。

英文摘要:

Variation of mass supply rate from the companion can be smeared out by viscous processes inside an accretion disk. By the time the flow reaches the inner edge, the variation in X-rays needs not reflect the true variation of the rate at the outer edge. However, if the viscosity fluctuates around a mean value, one would expect the viscous time scale also to spread around a mean value. In HMXBs, the size of the viscous Keplerian disk is smaller & thus such a spread could be lower as compared to the LMXBs. If there is an increasing or decreasing trend in viscosity, the interval between enhanced emission would be modified systematically. In the absence of a full knowledge about the variation of mass supply rates at the outer edge, we study ideal circumstances where modulation must take place exactly in orbital time scales when there is an ellipticity in the orbit. We study a few compact binaries using long term RXTE/ASM(1.5-12 keV) & Swift/BAT(15-50keV) data to look for such effects & to infer what these results can tell us about the viscous processes inside the respective disks. We employ three different methods to seek imprints of periodicity on the X-ray variation & found that in all the cases, the location of the peak in the power density spectra is consistent with the orbital frequencies. Interestingly, in HMXBs the peaks are sharp with high rms values, consistent with a small Keplerian disk in a wind fed system. However, in LMXBs with larger Keplerian disk, the peaks are spread out with much lower rms values. X-ray reflections, or superhump phenomena which may also cause such X-ray modulations would not be affected by the size of the Keplerian disk. Our result confirms different sizes of Keplerian disks in 2 classes of binaries. If the orbital period of a binary system is not known, it may be obtained with reasonable accuracy for HMXBs & with lesser accuracy for LMXBs by our method.

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