arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1606.04385physics.soc-ph
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基于分形的城市密度指数分布与城市自仿射分形形态

Fractal-Based Exponential Distribution of Urban Density and Self-Affine Fractal Forms of Cities

Yanguang Chen, Jian Feng

摘要:

城市人口密度服从指数分布,可用克拉克模型描述。因此,城市人口的空间分布常被认为是非分形的。然而,克拉克模型在数学上不同于指数函数,因为城市人口分布是在地形地貌和土地利用形式的分形支持下进行的。通过数学变换和经验证据,我们认为城市密度指数分布背后存在自仿射标度关系和局部幂律。克拉克模型中表征城市特征半径的尺度参数并不是一个常数,而是依赖于我们所定义的城市场。因此,指数模型反映了具有两种分形参数的局部分形结构。这些参数可以用来表征城市空间填充、空间相关性、自仿射性和自组织演化。以杭州市为例,验证了理论推论的正确性。在实证分析的基础上,提出了城市三环模型,将城市从核心到外围划分为三个层次。城市中尺度区和非尺度区交替出现。该模型可为今后的城市研究和城市规划提供参考。

英文摘要:

Urban population density always follows the exponential distribution and can be described with Clark's model. Because of this, the spatial distribution of urban population used to be regarded as non-fractal pattern. However, Clark's model differs from the exponential function in mathematics because that urban population is distributed on the fractal support of landform and land-use form. By using mathematical transform and empirical evidence, we argue that there are self-affine scaling relations and local power laws behind the exponential distribution of urban density. The scale parameter of Clark's model indicating the characteristic radius of cities is not a real constant, but depends on the urban field we defined. So the exponential model suggests local fractal structure with two kinds of fractal parameters. The parameters can be used to characterize urban space filling, spatial correlation, self-affine properties, and self-organized evolution. The case study of the city of Hangzhou, China, is employed to verify the theoretical inference. Based on the empirical analysis, a three-ring model of cities is presented and a city is conceptually divided into three layers from core to periphery. The scaling region and non-scaling region appear alternately in the city. This model may be helpful for future urban studies and city planning.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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