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arXiv 1509.04558physics.soc-phcond-mat.stat-mech
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具有记忆意识主体的空间囚徒困境的统计物理

Statistical Physics of the Spatial Prisoner's Dilemma with Memory-Aware Agents

Marco Alberto Javarone

摘要:

我们引入了一个分析模型来研究空间游戏中的均衡演化,具有“记忆感知”的代理,即,随着时间的推移,他们的收益会不断累积。特别是,我们把我们的注意力集中在空间囚徒困境,因为它构成了一个典型的例子,一个游戏的纳什均衡是叛逃。以前的研究表明,在适当的条件下,在进化的囚徒困境中,有可能达到合作的均衡。值得注意的是,像运动这样的机制似乎可以引导种群变得合作。在所提出的模型中,我们将代理映射到气体粒子,以便在改变系统温度时,它们随机移动。在这样做的时候,我们能够确定温度和人口的最终均衡之间的关系,解释了当考虑能够随着时间的推移增加收益的代理时,如何可能打破空间囚徒困境中的经典纳什均衡。此外,我们引入了一种形式主义来研究这些动力学中的有序-无序相变。因此,我们强调,所提出的模型可以解释分析如何人口,其相互作用的基础上的囚徒困境,可以达到一个平衡,远离预期的,也打开了定义进化博弈论和统计物理之间的直接联系的方式。

英文摘要:

We introduce an analytical model to study the evolution towards equilibrium in spatial games, with `memory-aware' agents, i.e., agents that accumulate their payoff over time. In particular, we focus our attention on the spatial Prisoner's Dilemma, as it constitutes an emblematic example of a game whose Nash equilibrium is defection. Previous investigations showed that, under opportune conditions, it is possible to reach, in the evolutionary Prisoner's Dilemma, an equilibrium of cooperation. Notably, it seems that mechanisms like motion may lead a population to become cooperative. In the proposed model, we map agents to particles of a gas so that, on varying the system temperature, they randomly move. In doing so, we are able to identify a relation between the temperature and the final equilibrium of the population, explaining how it is possible to break the classical Nash equilibrium in the spatial Prisoner's Dilemma when considering agents able to increase their payoff over time. Moreover, we introduce a formalism to study order-disorder phase transitions in these dynamics. As result, we highlight that the proposed model allows to explain analytically how a population, whose interactions are based on the Prisoner's Dilemma, can reach an equilibrium far from the expected one; opening also the way to define a direct link between evolutionary game theory and statistical physics.

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