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arXiv 1504.02898cond-mat.stat-mech
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逾渗理论及其应用的新进展

Recent advances in percolation theory and its applications

Abbas Ali Saberi

摘要:

逾渗是统计力学中最简单的基本模型,它表现出由巨连通分量的出现所标志的相变。尽管它的规则非常简单,渗透理论已成功地应用于描述各种各样的自然,技术和社会系统。逾渗模型是临界现象中的重要普适类,其特征在于一组临界指数对应于其几何特征的丰富分形和标度结构。在这篇评论中,我们将首先概述普通模型的基本特征,并瞥见一些选择性的变化和修改的原始模型。定向渗流过程也将被讨论作为一个原型的系统显示非平衡相变。在简要回顾了SLE之后,我们将对临界渗流的标度极限的存在性和共形不变性进行概述。我们还将建立与磁性模型的连接。还回顾了渗透理论在自然景观和人工景观中的最新应用。

英文摘要:

Percolation is the simplest fundamental model in statistical mechanics that exhibits phase transitions signaled by the emergence of a giant connected component. Despite its very simple rules, percolation theory has successfully been applied to describe a large variety of natural, technological and social systems. Percolation models serve as important universality classes in critical phenomena characterized by a set of critical exponents which correspond to a rich fractal and scaling structure of their geometric features. In this review we will first outline the basic features of the ordinary model and take a glimpse at a number of selective variations and modifications of the original model. Directed percolation process will be also discussed as a prototype of systems displaying a nonequilibrium phase transition. After a short review on SLE, we will provide an overview on existence of the scaling limit and conformal invariance of the critical percolation. We will also establish a connection with the magnetic models. Recent applications of the percolation theory in natural and artificial landscapes are also reviewed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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