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arXiv 1503.07443nucl-thhep-ph
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非共形粘性各向异性流体动力学

Nonconformal viscous anisotropic hydrodynamics

Dennis Bazow, Ulrich W. Heinz, Mauricio Martinez

摘要:

我们从动力学理论中推广了粘性各向异性流体动力学的推导,以允许非零粒子质量。宏观理论是通过玻尔兹曼方程的矩来获得的,该玻尔兹曼方程是在围绕球形变形的局部动量分布展开分布函数之后获得的,该局部动量分布的形式已经通过添加非微扰地(即已经处于首阶)说明体粘性效应的标量场来推广。从Boltzmann方程的三个最低阶矩中获得了用于领先阶分布函数的参数和用于剩余(次领先阶)耗散流的流体动力学方程。该方法进行测试的系统进行(0+1)维的提升不变的膨胀,其中的玻尔兹曼方程的弛豫时间近似的精确解是已知的。非共形粘性各向异性流体动力学近似这个精确的解决方案比任何其他已知的流体动力学近似。

英文摘要:

We generalize the derivation of viscous anisotropic hydrodynamics from kinetic theory to allow for non-zero particle masses. The macroscopic theory is obtained by taking moments of the Boltzmann equation after expanding the distribution function around a spheroidally deformed local momentum distribution whose form has been generalized by the addition of a scalar field that accounts non-perturbatively (i.e. already at leading order) for bulk viscous effects. Hydrodynamic equations for the parameters of the leading-order distribution function and for the residual (next-to-leading order) dissipative flows are obtained from the three lowest moments of the Boltzmann equation. The approach is tested for a system undergoing (0+1)-dimensional boost-invariant expansion for which the exact solution of the Boltzmann equation in relaxation time approximation is known. Nonconformal viscous anisotropic hydrodynamics is shown to approximate this exact solution more accurately than any other known hydrodynamic approximation.

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