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arXiv 1502.06292quant-ph
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量子测不准关系的重新表述

Reformulating the Quantum Uncertainty Relation

Jun-Li Li, Cong-Feng Qiao

摘要:

不确定原理是量子理论的基石之一。在文献中,有两种类型的不确定性关系,算子形式的物理观测量的方差和熵的熵有关的形式。这两种形式的不等式,涉及成对的观测,并发现是非平凡的,将多个观测。本文引入了一种新的不确定关系,它可以给出纯量子系统和混合量子系统中观测量方差的完全折衷关系。与现有的不确定性关系不同,这些不确定性关系要么依赖于量子态,要么不可直接测量,我们的观测量方差的界是量子态独立的,并且不受期望值为零的“平凡”问题的影响。此外,新的不确定关系可以提供一个几何解释的原因,有限制的同时测定不同的观测量在$N$维希尔伯特空间。

英文摘要:

Uncertainty principle is one of the cornerstones of quantum theory. In the literature, there are two types of uncertainty relations, the operator form concerning the variances of physical observables and the entropy form related to entropic quantities. Both these forms are inequalities involving pairwise observables, and are found to be nontrivial to incorporate multiple observables. In this work we introduce a new form of uncertainty relation which may give out complete trade-off relations for variances of observables in pure and mixed quantum systems. Unlike the prevailing uncertainty relations, which are either quantum state dependent or not directly measurable, our bounds for variances of observables are quantum state independent and immune from the "triviality" problem of having zero expectation values. Furthermore, the new uncertainty relation may provide a geometric explanation for the reason why there are limitations on the simultaneous determination of different observables in $N$-dimensional Hilbert space.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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