A commuting $n$-tuple $(T_1, \ldots, T_n)$ of bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space $\clh$ associate a Hilbert module $\mathcal{H}$ over $\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ in the following sense: \[\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n] \times \mathcal{H} \rightarrow \mathcal{H}, \quad \quad (p, h) \mapsto p(T_1, \ldots, T_n)h,\]where $p \in \mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ and $h \in \mathcal{H}$. A companion survey provides an introduction to the theory of Hilbert modules and some (Hilbert) module point of view to multivariable operator theory. The purpose of this survey is to emphasize algebraic and geometric aspects of Hilbert module approach to operator theory and to survey several applications of the theory of Hilbert modules in multivariable operator theory. The topics which are studied include: generalized canonical models and Cowen-Douglas class, dilations and factorization of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces, a class of simple submodules and quotient modules of the Hardy modules over polydisc, commutant lifting theorem, similarity and free Hilbert modules, left invertible multipliers, inner resolutions, essentially normal Hilbert modules, localizations of free resolutions and rigidity phenomenon.
This article is a companion paper to "An Introduction to Hilbert Module Approach to Multivariable Operator Theory".
Let $\{T_1, \ldots, T_n\}$ be a set of $n$ commuting bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$. Then the $n$-tuple $(T_1, \ldots, T_n)$ turns $\mathcal{H}$ into a module over $\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ in the following sense: \[\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n] \times \mathcal{H} \raro \clh, \quad \quad (p, h) \mapsto p(T_1, \ldots, T_n)h,\]where $p \in \mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ and $h \in \mathcal{H}$. The above module is usually called the Hilbert module over $\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$. Hilbert modules over $\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ (or natural function algebras) …
We define the notion of a free resolution of a d-tuple $(T_1, T_2, . . . T_d)$ of mutually commuting operators acting on a Hilbert space H, and that this invariant gives rise to a class of vector space complexes parametrized by points in the unit ball $B_d = {z \in C^d: |z| <1}$. We show that for $λ\in B_d$ the homology of the corresponding complex is equivalent to the homology of the Koszul complex of a Mobius transform of $(T_1, T_2, . . . T_d)$. The notion of a Mobius transform in multivariable operator is defined, and some of its properties are investigated.
This paper deals with representing in concrete fashion those Hilbert spaces that are vector subspaces of the Hardy spaces $H^p(\bb D^n) \ (1\le p\le \infty)$ that remain invariant under the action of coordinate wise multiplication by an $n$-tuple $(T_{B_1},\dots, T_{B_n})$ of operators where each $B_i, \ 1\le i\le n,$ is a finite Blaschke factor on the open unit disc. The critical point to be noted is that these $T_{B_i}$ are assumed to be weaker than isometries as operators. Thus our main theorem extends the principal result of \cite{LS} in the following three directions: $(i)$ from one to se…
Let $H_m(\mathbb B)$ be the analytic functional Hilbert space on the unit ball $\mathbb B \subset \mathbb C^n$ with reproducing kernel $K_m(z,w) = (1 - \langle z,w \rangle)^{-m}$. Using algebraic operator identities we characterize those commuting row contractions $T \in L(H)^n$ on a Hilbert space $H$ that decompose into the direct sum of a spherical coisometry and copies of the multiplication tuple $M_z \in L(H_m(\mathbb B))^n$. For $m=1$, this leads to a Wold decomposition for partially isometric commuting row contractions that are regular at $z = 0$. For $m = 1 = n$, the results reduce to t…
Over the decades, Functional Analysis has been enriched and inspired on account of demands from neighboring fields, within mathematics, harmonic analysis (wavelets and signal processing), numerical analysis (finite element methods, discretization), PDEs (diffusion equations, scattering theory), representation theory; iterated function systems (fractals, Julia sets, chaotic dynamical systems), ergodic theory, operator algebras, and many more. And neighboring areas, probability/statistics (for example stochastic processes, Ito and Malliavin calculus), physics (representation of Lie groups, quant…
In [11] the authors investigated a family of quotient Hilbert modules in the Cowen-Douglas class over the unit disk constructed from classical Hilbert modules such as the Hardy and Bergman modules. In this paper we extend the results to the multivariable case of higher multiplicity. Moreover, similarity as well as isomorphism results are obtained.
In this paper, we consider the similarity and quasi-affinity problems for Hilbert modules in the Cowen-Douglas class associated with the complex geometric objects, the hermitian anti-holomorphic vector bundles and curvatures. Given a "simple" rank one Cowen-Douglas Hilbert module $\mathcal{M}$, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for a class of Cowen-Douglas Hilbert modules satisfying some positivity conditions to be similar to $\mathcal{M} \otimes \mathbb{C}^m$. We also show that under certain uniform bound condition on the anti-holomorphic frame, a Cowen-Douglas Hilbert module is qua…
Non-commutative multivariable versions of weighted shift operators arise naturally as `weighted' left creation operators acting on the Fock space Hilbert space. We identify a natural notion of periodicity for these $N$-tuples, and then find a family of inductive limit algebras determined by the periodic weighted shifts which can be regarded as non-commutative multivariable generalizations of the Bunce-Deddens C*-algebras. We establish this by proving that the C*-algebras generated by shifts of a given period are isomorphic to full matrix algebras over Cuntz-Toeplitz algebras. This leads to an …
Continuing the research on the Banach-Saks and Schur properties started in (cf. M. Frank, A. A. Pavlov, Banach-Saks properties of C*-algebras and Hilbert C*-modules (submitted)) we investigate analogous properties in the module context. As an environment serves the class of Hilbert C*-modules. Some properties of weak module topologies on Hilbert C*-modules are described. Natural module analogues of the classical weak Banach-Saks and the classical Schur properties are defined and studied. A number of useful characterizations of properties of Hilbert C*-modules is obtained. In particular, some i…
We introduce the concept of frame of multipliers in Hilbert modules over pro-C*-algebras and show that many properties of frames in Hilbert C*-modules are valid for frames of multipliers in Hilbert modules over pro-C*-algebras.
In this paper, we investigate the structure of the multiplier module of a Hilbert module over a locally C*-algebra and the relationship between the set of all adjointable operators from a Hilbert A-module E to a Hilbert A-module F and the set of all adjointable operators from the multiplier module M(E)of E to the multiplier module M(F) of F.
In this paper, we introduce controlled frames in Hilbert $C^*$-modules and we show that they share many useful properties with their corresponding notions in Hilbert space. Next, we give a characterization of controlled frames in Hilbert $C^*$-module. Also multiplier operators for controlled frames in Hilbert $C^*$-modules will be defined and some of its properties will be shown. Finally, we investigate weighted frames in Hilbert $C^*$-modules and verify their relations to controlled frames and multiplier operators.
Frame theory has a great revolution in recent years. This new Theory have been extended from Hilbert spaces to Hilbert C*-modules. In this paper, we introduce the notion of dual *-K-g-frames in Hilbert A-modules. Lastly we study *-K-g-frames in tensor product of Hilbert C*-Modules and we establish some new results.
We show that every infinite-dimensional commutative unital C*-algebra has a Hilbert C*-module admitting no frames. In particular, this shows that Kasparov's stabilization theorem for countably generated Hilbert C*-modules can not be extended to arbitrary Hilbert C*-modules.
We construct an example of a Hilbert C*-module which shows that Troitsky's theorem on the geometrical essence of A-compact operators between Hilbert C*-modules is not extendable to a not countably generated module case (even in the case of a stronger uniform structure, which is also introduced). In addition, the constructed module admits no frames.
Frame Theory has a great revolution in recent years, this Theory have been extended from Hilbert spaces to Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules. The purpose of this paper is the introduction and the study of the concept of Controlled Continuous g-Frames in Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-Modules. Also we give some properties.
Motivated from the theory of Hilbert-Schmidt morphisms between Hilbert C*-modules over commutative C*-algebras by Stern and van Suijlekom \textit{[J. Funct. Anal., 2021]}, we introduce the notion of p-absolutely summing morphisms between Hilbert C*-modules over commutative C*-algebras. We show that an adjointable morphism between Hilbert C*-modules over monotone closed commutative C*-algebra is 2-absolutely summing if and only if it is Hilbert-Schmidt. We formulate version of Pietsch factorization problem for p-absolutely summing morphisms and solve partially
The aim of this paper is to present a unified framework in the setting of Hilbert $C^*$-modules for the scalar- and vector-valued reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces and $C^*$-valued reproducing kernel spaces. We investigate conditionally negative definite kernels with values in the $C^*$-algebra of adjointable operators acting on a Hilbert $C^*$-module. In addition, we show that there exists a two-sided connection between positive definite kernels and reproducing kernel Hilbert $C^*$-modules. Furthermore, we explore some conditions under which a function is in the reproducing kernel module and …
In this paper we introduce a notion of Morita equivalence for Hilbert C*-modules in terms of the Morita equivalence of the algebras of compact operators on Hilbert C*-modules. We investigate some properties of the new version of Morita equivalence and obtain some results. We then applied our results to study the continuous actions of locally compact groups on full Hilbert C*-modules. We present an extension of Green's theorem in the context of Hilbert C*-modules as well.
In this paper we study the unitary equivalence between Hilbert modules over a locally C*-algebra. Also, we prove a stabilization theorem for countably generated modules over an arbitrary locally C*-algebra and show that a Hilbert module over a Frechet locally C*-algebra is countably generated if and only if the locally C*-algebra of all ''compact'' operators has an approximate unit.
We show that every Hilbert C*-module E is a JB*-triple in a canonical way and establish an explicit expression for the holomorphic automorphisms of the unit ball of E.
In this paper, we introduce the concept of Continuous $\ast$-g-Frame in Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-Modules and we establish some results. We also discuss the stability problem for Continuous $\ast$-g-Frame.
In this papers we investigate the g-frame and Bessel g-sequence related to a linear bounded operator $K$ in Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-module and we establish some results.
We study general Hilbert modules over the disc algebra and exhibit necessary spectral conditions for the vanishing of certain associated extension groups. In particular, this sheds some light on the problem of identifying the projective Hilbert modules. Part of our work also addresses the classical derivation problem.
In this paper, we study the representation of orthogonally additive mappings acting on Hilbert $C^*$-modules and Hilbert $H^*$-modules. One of our main results shows that every continuous orthogonally additive mapping $f$ from a Hilbert module $W$ over $\K(\H)$ or $\H§(\H)$ to a complex normed space is of the form $f(x)=T(x)+Φ(< x, x >)$ for all $x\in W$, where $T$ is a continuous additive mapping, and $Φ$ is a continuous linear mapping.
In this paper we present results concerning orthogonality in Hilbert $C^*$-modules. Moreover, for a $C^*$-algebra $\mathscr{A}$, we prove theorems concerning the multi-$\mathscr{A}$-linearity and its preservation by $\mathscr{A}$-linear operators. New version of solution of the orthogonality equation on Hilbert $C^*$-modules and mappings preserving orthogonality are also investigated.
In this paper, we study $\ast$-g-frames in tensor products of Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules. We show that a tensor product of two $\ast$-g-frames is a $\ast$-g-frames, and we get some result.
In this paper we prove a version of Gruss integral inequality for mappings with values in Hilbert C*-modules. Some applications for such functions are also given.
Frames play significant role in various areas of science and engineering. In this paper, we introduce the concepts of frames for $End_{\mathcal{A}}^{\ast}(\mathcal{H, K})$ and their generalizations. Moreover, we obtain some new results for generalized frames in Hilbert modules.
It is shown that every linear surjective isometry between two right, full, Hilbert C*-modules is a sum of two maps : a (bi-) module map (which is completely isometric and preserves the inner product) and a map that reverses the (bi-) module actions. Every such isometry can be extended to an isometry of the C* linking algebras.
In this paper the concept of unbounded Fredholm operators on Hilbert C*- modules over an arbitrary C*-algebra is discussed and the Atkinson theorem is generalized for bounded and unbounded Feredholm operators on Hilbert C*-modules over C*-algebras of compact operators. In the framework of Hilbert C*-modules over C*-algebras of compact operators, the index of an unbounded Fredholm operator and the index of its bounded transform are the same.
We initiate a study of Hilbert modules over the polynomial algebra A=C[z_1,...,z_d] that are obtained by completing A with respect to an inner product having certain natural properties. A standard Hilbert module is a finite multiplicity version of one of these. Standard Hilbert modules occupy a position analogous to that of free modules of finite rank in commutative algebra, and their quotients by submodules give rise to universal solutions of nonlinear relations. Essentially all of the basic Hilbert modules that have received attention over the years are standard - including the Hilbert modul…
In this paper we establish the semi-Fredholm theory on Hilbert C*-modules as a continuation of Fredholm theory on Hilbert C*-modules established by Mishchenko and Fomenko. We give a definition of a semi-Fredholm operator on Hilbert C*-module and prove that these semi-Fredholm operators are those that are one-sided invertible modulo compact operators, that the set of proper semi-Fredholm operators is open and many other results that generalize their classical counterparts.
Regarding the generalizations of the Bessel inequality in Hilbert spaces which are due to Bombiari and Boas--Bellman, we obtain a version of the Bessel inequality and some generalizations of this inequality in the framework of Hilbert $C^*$-modules.
The parallel sum for adjoinable operators on Hilbert $C^*$-modules is introduced and studied. Some results known for matrices and bounded linear operators on Hilbert spaces are generalized to the case of adjointable operators on Hilbert $C^*$-modules. It is shown that there exist a Hilbert $C^*$-module $H$ and two positive operators $A, B\in\mathcal{L}(H)$ such that the operator equation $A^{1/2}=(A+B)^{1/2}X, X\in \cal{L}(H)$ has no solution, where $\mathcal{L}(H)$ denotes the set of all adjointable operators on $H$.
In this note we settle some technical questions concerning finite rank quasi-free Hilbert modules and develop some useful machinery. In particular, we provide a method for determining when two such modules are unitarily equivalent. Along the way we obtain representations for module maps and study how to determine the underlying holomorphic structure on such modules.
We introduce a preorder relation in the collection of all operator valued completely positive maps on a full Hilbert C*-module and characterize this relation in terms of the Stinespring construction associated to each completely positive map.
Let $A$ be a simple C*-algebra of stable rank one and let $p$ and $q$ be two $σ$-compact open projections. It is proved that there is a continuous path of unitaries in ${\tilde A}$ which connects open sub-projections of $p$ which is compactly contained in $p$ to those in $q.$ It is also shown that every Hilbert module is projective in the category whose morphisms are bounded module maps with adjoints. A discussion of projective Hilbert modules (whose morphisms are bounded module maps) is also given.
Utilizing the Birkhoff--James orthogonality, we present some characterizations of the norm-parallelism for elements of $\mathbb{B}(\mathscr{H})$ defined on a finite dimensional Hilbert space, elements of a Hilbert $C^*$-module over the $C^*$-algebra of compact operators and elements of an arbitrary $C^*$-algebra. We also consider the characterization of norm parallelism problem for operators on a finite dimensional Hilbert space when the operator norm is replaced by the Schatten $p$-norm. Some applications and generalizations are discussed for certain elements of a Hilbert $C^*$-module.
In the first part of the paper, we use states on $C^*$-algebras in order to establish some equivalent statements to equality in the triangle inequality, as well as to the parallelogram identity for elements of a pre-Hilbert $C^*$-module. We also characterize the equality case in the triangle inequality for adjointable operators on a Hilbert $C^*$-module. Then we give certain necessary and sufficient conditions to the Pythagoras identity for two vectors in a pre-Hilbert $C^*$-module under the assumption that their inner product has negative real part. We introduce the concept of Pythagoras orth…
We investigate the notion of conditionally positive definite in the context of Hilbert $C^*$-modules and present a characterization of the conditionally positive definiteness in terms of the usual positive definiteness. We give a Kolmogorov type representation of conditionally positive definite kernels in Hilbert $C^*$-modules. As a consequence, we show that a $C^*$-metric space $(S, d)$ is $C^*$-isometric to a subset of a Hilbert $C^*$-module if and only if $K(s,t)=-d(s,t)^2$ is a conditionally positive definite kernel. We also present a characterization of the order $K'\leq K$ between condit…
We present a new operator equality in the framework of Hilbert $C^*$-modules. As a consequence, we get an extension of the Euler--Lagrange type identity in the setting of Hilbert bundles as well as several generalized operator Bohr's inequalities due to O. Hirzallah, W.-S. Cheung-J.E. Pecaric and F. Zhang.
Recently, Bhat, Liebscher and Skeide exhibited an unusual example of product system of Hilbert $C^*$ modules. Namely, a subsystem of a Fock system, that is not Fock. Later, the authors defined the index of any product system of Hilbert $C^*$-modules, generalizing earlier partial definitions. In this note we compute the index of the mentioned interesting subsystem, and also we determine all its units.
We characterize $C^*$-algebras and $C^*$-modules such that every maximal right ideal (resp. right submodule) is algebraically finitely generated. In particular, $C^*$-algebras satisfy the Dales--Żelazko conjecture.
The goal of the present paper is to extend the theory of frames for countably generated Hilbert $C^*$-modules over arbitrary $C^*$-algebras. In investigating the non-unital case we introduce the concept of outer frame as a sequence in the multiplier module $M(X)$ that has the standard frame property when applied to elements of the ambient module $X$. Given a Hilbert $\A$-module $X$, we prove that there is a bijective correspondence of the set of all adjointable surjections from the generalized Hilbert space $\ell^2(\A)$ to $X$ and the set consisting of all both frames and outer frames for $X$.…
Recently proved weighted Cauchy Scwarz inequality for Hilbert $C^*$-modules leads to many Hölder type inequalities for unitarily invariant norms on Hilbert space operators.
The Kasparov absorption (or stabilization) theorem states that any countably generated Hilbert C*-module is isomorphic to a direct summand in the standard module of square summable sequences in the base C*-algebra. In this paper, this result will be generalized by incorporating a densely defined derivation on the base C*-algebra. This leads to a differentiable version of the Kasparov absorption theorem. The extra compatibility assumptions needed are minimal: It will only be required that there exists a sequence of generators with mutual inner products in the domain of the derivation. The diffe…
In this paper, we present a unified approach to problems of tensor product of quotient modules of Hilbert modules over $\mathbb{C}[z]$ and corresponding submodules of reproducing kernel Hilbert modules over $\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ and the doubly commutativity property of module multiplication operators by the coordinate functions. More precisely, for a reproducing kernel Hilbert module $\clh$ over $\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ of analytic functions on the polydisc in $\mathbb{C}^n$ which satisfies certain conditions, we characterize the quotient modules $\q$ of $\clh$ such that $\q$ is…
The paper is devoted to continuous frames and Riesz bases in Hilbert C*-modules. we define a continuous Riesz basis for Hilbert C*-modules and give some results about them.
We suggest a new version of the notion of $ρ$-dilation ($ρ>0$) of an $N$-tuple $\mathbf{A}=(A_1,...,A_N)$ of bounded linear operators on a common Hilbert space. We say that $\mathbf{A}$ belongs to the class $C_{ρ,N}$ if $\mathbf{A}$ admits a $ρ$-dilation $\widetilde{\mathbf{A}}=(\widetilde{A}_1,...,\widetilde{A}_N)$ for which $ζ\widetilde{\mathbf{A}}:=ζ_1\widetilde{A}_1+... +ζ_N\widetilde{A}_N$ is a unitary operator for each $ζ:=(ζ_1,...,ζ_N)$ in the unit torus $\mathbb{T}^N$. For N=1 this class coincides with the class $C_ρ$ of B. Sz.-Nagy and C. Foiaş. We generalize the known descriptions of…
Frame Theory has a great revolution in recent years. This Theory have been extended from Hilbert spaces to Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules. In this paper we consider the stability of continuous operator frame and continuous $K$-operator frames in Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-Modules under perturbation and we establish some properties
The notion of controlled frames for Hilbert spaces were introduced by Balazs, Antoine and Grybos to improve the numerical efficiency of iterative algorithms for inverting the frame operator. Controlled Frame Theory has a great revolution in recent years. This Theory have been extended from Hilbert spaces to Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules. In this paper we introduce and study the extension of this notion to integral frame for Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-module. Also we give some characterizations between integral frame in Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-module
Frame Theory has a great revolution for recent years. This Theory has been extended from Hilbert spaces to Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules. The purpose of this paper is the introduction and the study of the new concept that of Continuous Controlled K-g-Frame for Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-Modules wich is a generalizations of discrete Controlled K-g-Frames in Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-Modules. Also we establish some results.
