We define the notion of a free resolution of a d-tuple $(T_1, T_2, . . . T_d)$ of mutually commuting operators acting on a Hilbert space H, and that this invariant gives rise to a class of vector space complexes parametrized by points in the unit ball $B_d = {z \in C^d: |z| <1}$. We show that for $λ\in B_d$ the homology of the corresponding complex is equivalent to the homology of the Koszul complex of a Mobius transform of $(T_1, T_2, . . . T_d)$. The notion of a Mobius transform in multivariable operator is defined, and some of its properties are investigated.
The problems considered in this paper come as a natural continuation of our program to develop a free analogue of Sz.-Nagy-Foias theory, for row contractions. The paper is structured as follows: Introduction Part I. Unitary invariants for n-tuples of operators 1. Joint numerical radius 2. Euclidean operator radius 3. Joint numerical range and spectrum 4. $ρ$-operator radius Part II. Joint operator radii, inequalities, and applications 5. von Neumann inequalities 6. Constrained von Neumann inequalities 7. Multivariable Haagerup-de la Harpe inequalities 8. Multivariable Fejer inequalities Refere…
A commuting $n$-tuple $(T_1, \ldots, T_n)$ of bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space $\clh$ associate a Hilbert module $\mathcal{H}$ over $\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ in the following sense: \[\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n] \times \mathcal{H} \rightarrow \mathcal{H}, \quad \quad (p, h) \mapsto p(T_1, \ldots, T_n)h,\]where $p \in \mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ and $h \in \mathcal{H}$. A companion survey provides an introduction to the theory of Hilbert modules and some (Hilbert) module point of view to multivariable operator theory. The purpose of this survey is to emphasize algebraic and g…
We show that for a class of operator algebras satisfying a natural condition the $C^*$-envelope of the universal free product of operator algebras $A_i$ is given by the free product of the $C^*$-envelopes of the $A_i$. We apply this theorem to, in special cases, the $C^*$-envelope of the semicrossed products for multivariable dynamics in terms of the single variable semicrossed products of Peters.
Let $\{T_1, \ldots, T_n\}$ be a set of $n$ commuting bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$. Then the $n$-tuple $(T_1, \ldots, T_n)$ turns $\mathcal{H}$ into a module over $\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ in the following sense: \[\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n] \times \mathcal{H} \raro \clh, \quad \quad (p, h) \mapsto p(T_1, \ldots, T_n)h,\]where $p \in \mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ and $h \in \mathcal{H}$. The above module is usually called the Hilbert module over $\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$. Hilbert modules over $\mathbb{C}[z_1, \ldots, z_n]$ (or natural function algebras) …
In \cite{SH}, A. L. Shields proved a well-known theorem for the similarity of unilateral weighted shift operators. By using the generalization of this theorem for multivariable weighted shifts and the curvature of holomorphic bundles, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the similarity of $m$-tuples in Cowen-Douglas class. We also present a necessary condition for commuting $m$-tuples of backward weighted shift operators to be $n$-hypercontractive in terms of the weight sequences.
We define a new notion of entropy for operators on Fock spaces and positive definite multi-Toeplitz kernels on free semigroups. This is studied in connection with factorization theorems for (multi-Toeplitz, multi-analytic, etc.) operators on Fock spaces. These results lead to entropy inequalities and entropy formulas for positive definite multi-Toeplitz kernels on free semigroups (resp.multi-Toeplitz operators) and consequences concerning the extreme points of the unit ball of the noncommutative analytic Toeplitz algebra F_n^\infty. We obtain several geometric characterizations of the multivar…
This paper is devoted to the multivariable $H^\infty$ functional calculus associated with a finite commuting family of sectorial operators on Banach space. First we prove that if $(A_1,\ldots, A_d)$ is such a family, if $A_k$ is $R$-sectorial of $R$-type $ω_k\in(0,π)$, $k=1,\ldots,d$, and if $(A_1,\ldots, A_d)$ admits a bounded $H^\infty(Σ_{θ_1}\times \cdots\timesΣ_{θ_d})$ joint functional calculus for some $θ_k\in (ω_k,π)$, then it admits a bounded $H^\infty(Σ_{θ_1}\times \cdots\timesΣ_{θ_d})$ joint functional calculus for all $θ_k\in (ω_k,π)$, $k=1,\ldots,d$. Second we introduce square funct…
Multivariable operator theory is used to provide Bohr inequalities for free holomorphic functions with operator coefficients on the regular polyball. In addition, we obtain analogues of Caratheodory, Fejer, and Egervary-Szazs inequalities for free holomorhic functions with operator coefficients and positive real parts on the polyball. These results are used to provide multivariable analogues of Landau's inequality and Bohr's inequality when the norm is replaced by the numerical radius of an operator.
The theory of Nevanlinna-Pick and Carathéodory-Fejér interpolation for matrix- and operator-valued Schur class functions on the unit disk is now well established. Recent work has produced extensions of the theory to a variety of multivariable settings, including the ball and the polydisk (both commutative and noncommutative versions), as well as a time-varying analogue. Largely independent of this is the recent Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation theorem by P.S. Muhly and B. Solel for an abstract Hardy algebra set in the context of a Fock space built from a $W^*$-correspondence E over a $W^{*}$-alge…
There exist several interesting results in the literature on subnormal operator tuples having their spectral properties tied to the geometry of strictly pseudoconvex domains or to that of bounded symmetric domains in $\C^n$. We introduce a class $Ω^{(n)}$ of convex domains in $\C^n$ which, for $n \geq 2$, is distinct from the class of strictly pseudoconvex domains and the class of bounded symmetric domains and which lends itself for the application of the theories related to the abstract inner function problem and the $\bar \partial$-Neumann problem, allowing us to make a number of interesting…
We provide a short proof for the twisted multiplicativity property of the operator-valued S-transform. This is my contribution to the topical collection ''Multivariable Operator Theory. The Jörg Eschmeier Memorial'' of Complex Analysis and Operator Theory.
A multivariable version of the strong maximal function is introduced and a sharp distributional estimate for this operator in the spirit of the Jessen, Marcinkiewicz, and Zygmund theorem is obtained. Conditions that characterize the boundedness of this multivariable operator on products of weighted Lebesgue spaces equipped with multiple weights are obtained. Results for other multi(sub)linear maximal functions associated with bases of open sets are studied too. Certain bilinear interpolation results between distributional estimates, such as that obtained for the multivariable strong maximal fu…
It is known that (i) a subspace ${\mathcal N}$ of the Hardy space $H^2$ which is invariant under the backward shift operator can be represented as the range of the observability operator of a conservative discrete-time linear system, (ii) the transfer-function of this conservative linear system in turn is the inner Beurling-Lax representer for the forward-shift invariant subspace ${\mathcal M} : = {\mathcal N}^\perp$, and (iii) this transfer function also serves as the Sz.-Nagy-Foias characteristic function of the pure contraction operator $T$ given by $T = P_{\mathcal N} M_z |_{\mathcal N}$. …
Over the decades, Functional Analysis has been enriched and inspired on account of demands from neighboring fields, within mathematics, harmonic analysis (wavelets and signal processing), numerical analysis (finite element methods, discretization), PDEs (diffusion equations, scattering theory), representation theory; iterated function systems (fractals, Julia sets, chaotic dynamical systems), ergodic theory, operator algebras, and many more. And neighboring areas, probability/statistics (for example stochastic processes, Ito and Malliavin calculus), physics (representation of Lie groups, quant…
In this paper we establish a multivariable non-commutative generalization of Löwner's classical theorem from 1934 characterizing operator monotone functions as real functions admitting analytic continuation mapping the upper complex half-plane into itself. The non-commutative several variable theorem proved here characterizes several variable operator monotone functions, not assumed to be free analytic or even continuous, as free functions that admit free analytic continuation mapping the upper operator poly-halfspace into the upper operator halfspace over an arbitrary Hilbert space. We establ…
We suggest a new version of the notion of $ρ$-dilation ($ρ>0$) of an $N$-tuple $\mathbf{A}=(A_1,...,A_N)$ of bounded linear operators on a common Hilbert space. We say that $\mathbf{A}$ belongs to the class $C_{ρ,N}$ if $\mathbf{A}$ admits a $ρ$-dilation $\widetilde{\mathbf{A}}=(\widetilde{A}_1,...,\widetilde{A}_N)$ for which $ζ\widetilde{\mathbf{A}}:=ζ_1\widetilde{A}_1+... +ζ_N\widetilde{A}_N$ is a unitary operator for each $ζ:=(ζ_1,...,ζ_N)$ in the unit torus $\mathbb{T}^N$. For N=1 this class coincides with the class $C_ρ$ of B. Sz.-Nagy and C. Foiaş. We generalize the known descriptions of…
This paper deals with representing in concrete fashion those Hilbert spaces that are vector subspaces of the Hardy spaces $H^p(\bb D^n) \ (1\le p\le \infty)$ that remain invariant under the action of coordinate wise multiplication by an $n$-tuple $(T_{B_1},\dots, T_{B_n})$ of operators where each $B_i, \ 1\le i\le n,$ is a finite Blaschke factor on the open unit disc. The critical point to be noted is that these $T_{B_i}$ are assumed to be weaker than isometries as operators. Thus our main theorem extends the principal result of \cite{LS} in the following three directions: $(i)$ from one to se…
Let $H_m(\mathbb B)$ be the analytic functional Hilbert space on the unit ball $\mathbb B \subset \mathbb C^n$ with reproducing kernel $K_m(z,w) = (1 - \langle z,w \rangle)^{-m}$. Using algebraic operator identities we characterize those commuting row contractions $T \in L(H)^n$ on a Hilbert space $H$ that decompose into the direct sum of a spherical coisometry and copies of the multiplication tuple $M_z \in L(H_m(\mathbb B))^n$. For $m=1$, this leads to a Wold decomposition for partially isometric commuting row contractions that are regular at $z = 0$. For $m = 1 = n$, the results reduce to t…
Non-commutative multivariable versions of weighted shift operators arise naturally as `weighted' left creation operators acting on the Fock space Hilbert space. We identify a natural notion of periodicity for these $N$-tuples, and then find a family of inductive limit algebras determined by the periodic weighted shifts which can be regarded as non-commutative multivariable generalizations of the Bunce-Deddens C*-algebras. We establish this by proving that the C*-algebras generated by shifts of a given period are isomorphic to full matrix algebras over Cuntz-Toeplitz algebras. This leads to an …
To each finite-dimensional operator space $E$ is associated a commutative operator algebra $UC(E)$, so that $E$ embeds completely isometrically in $UC(E)$ and any completely contractive map from $E$ to bounded operators on Hilbert space extends uniquely to a completely contractive homomorphism out of $UC(E)$. The unit ball of $UC(E)$ is characterized by a Nevanlinna factorization and transfer function realization. Examples related to multivariable von Neumann inequalities are discussed.
This paper is an attempt to find large classes of noncommutative multivariable functions $g:Ω\subset [B(\cH)^n]_1^-\to B(\cH)^n$ for which a reasonable operator model theory and dilation theory can be developed for the noncommutative domain $g(Ω)$. In other words, we want to transfer the free analogue of Nagy-Foias theory from the unit ball $[B(\cH)^n]_1$ to other noncommutative domains, using appropriate maps.
In this paper we initiate the study of composition operators on the noncommutative Hardy space $H^2_{\bf ball}$. Several classical results about composition operators (boundedness, norm estimates, spectral properties, compactness, similarity) have free analogues in our noncommutative multivariable setting. The most prominent feature of this paper is the interaction between the noncommutative analytic function theory in the unit ball of $B(\cH)^n$, the operator algebras generated by the left creation operators on the full Fock space with $n$ generators, and the classical complex function theory…
In this paper we obtain a noncommutative multivariable analogue of the classical Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation problem for analytic functions with positive real parts on the open unit disc. As consequences, we deduce some results concerning operator-valued analytic interpolation on the unit ball on C^n.
This paper is an attempt to unify the multivariable operator model theory for ball-like domains and commutative polydiscs, and extend it to a more general class of noncommutative polydomains. An important role in our study is played by noncommutative Berezin transforms associated with the elements of the polydomain.
We begin the study of a new class of operator algebras that arise from higher rank graphs. Every higher rank graph generates a Fock space Hilbert space and creation operators which are partial isometries acting on the space. We call the weak operator topology closed algebra generated by these operators a 'higher rank semigroupoid algebra'. A number of examples are discussed in detail, including the single vertex case and higher rank cycle graphs. In particular the cycle graph algebras are identified as matricial multivariable function algebras. We obtain reflexivity for a wide class of graphs …
We obtain a noncommutative multivariable analogue of Louhichi and Olofsson characterization of Toeplitz operators with harmonic symbols on the weighted Bergman space $A_m({\bf D})$, as well as Eschmeier and Langendorfer extension to the unit ball of ${\bf C}^n$. All our results are proved in the more general setting of noncommutative poly-hyperballs ${\bf D_n^m}(H)$, ${\bf n,m}\in {\bf N}^k$, and are used to characterize the bounded free $k$-pluriharmonic functions with operator coefficients on poly-hyperballs and to solve the associated Dirichlet extension problem. In particular, the results …
We introduce a notion called `maximal commuting piece' for tuples of Hilbert space operators. Given a commuting tuple of operators forming a row contraction there are two commonly used dilations in multivariable operator theory. Firstly there is the minimal isometric dilation consisting of isometries with orthogonal ranges and hence it is a noncommuting tuple. There is also a commuting dilation related with a standard commuting tuple on Boson Fock space. We show that this commuting dilation is the maximal commuting piece of the minimal isometric dilation. We use this result to classify all rep…
In this paper we study a general family of multivariable Gaussian stochastic processes. Each process is prescribed by a fixed Borel measure $σ$ on $\mathbb R^n$. The case when $σ$ is assumed absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure was studied earlier in the literature, when $n=1$. Our focus here is on showing how different equivalence classes (defined from relative absolute continuity for pairs of measures) translate into concrete spectral decompositions of the corresponding stochastic processes under study. The measures $σ$ we consider are typically purely singular. Our proofs …
We extend a classical result of Caughran/Schwartz and another recent result of Gunatillake by showing that if D is a bounded, convex domain in n-dimensional complex space, m is a holomorphic function on D and bounded away from zero toward the boundary of D, and p is a holomorphic self-map of D such that the weighted composition operator W assigning the product of m and the composition of f and p to a given function f is compact on a holomorphic functional Hilbert space (containing the polynomial functions densely) on D with reproducing kernel K blowing up along the diagonal of D toward its bou…
In this paper we continue our investigation concerning the hyperbolic geometry on the noncommutative ball $[B(H)^n]_1^-$, where $B(H)$ is the algebra of all bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space $H$, and its implications to noncommutative function theory. The central object is an intertwining operator $L_{B,A}$ of the minimal isometric dilations of $A, B\in [B(H)^n]_1^-$, which establishes a strong connection between noncommutative hyperbolic geometry on $[B(H)^n]_1^-$ and multivariable dilation theory. The goal of this paper is to study the operator $L_{B,A}$ and its connections to the …
We study refinements between spectral resolutions in an arbitrary II$_1$ factor $\M$ and obtain diffuse (maximal) refinements of spectral resolutions. We construct models of operators with respect to diffuse spectral resolutions. As an application we obtain new characterizations of sub-majorization and spectral preorder between positive operators in $\M$ and new versions of some known inequalities involving these preorders.
Let H(f)(x)=\int_{(0,infty)^d} f(v) E_{x}(v) dν(v), be the multivariable Hankel transform, where E_{x}(v)=\prod_{k=1}^d (x_k v_k)^{-a_k+1/2} J_{a_k-1/2}(x_k v_k), dν(v)=v^a dv, a=(a_1,...,a_d). We give sufficient conditions on a bounded continuous function m(v) which guarantee that the operator H(m Hf) is bounded on L^p(dν) and of weak-type (1,1), or bounded on the Hardy space H^1((0,infty)^d, dν) in the sense of Coifman-Weiss.
Closed operators in Hilbert space defined by a non-self-adjoint resolution of the identity $\{X(λ)\}_{λ\in {\mb R}}$, whose adjoints constitute also a resolution of the identity, are studied . In particular, it is shown that a closed operator $B$ has a spectral representation analogous to the familiar one for self-adjoint operators if and only if $B=TAT^{-1}$ where $A$ is self-adjoint and $T$ is a bounded operator with bounded inverse.
A quasi-product on the normed space is defined. In addition, the notions of the eigenvectors of a linear operator can be extended for the nonlinear operator. Based on the quasi-product and the generalized eigenvectors, the spectral theorems for certain possibly nonlinear operators which include bounded linear symmetric operators as special cases can be proved. The operational calculus of the classes of possibly nonlinear operators is developed and nonlinear spectral operators are given.
