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arXiv 1407.4944astro-ph.SR
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极网指数作为太阳活动周期研究的磁代用指标

Polar Network Index as a magnetic proxy for the solar cycle studies

Muthu Priyal, Dipankar Banerjee, Bidya Binay Karak, Andres Munoz-Jaramillo, B. Ravindra, Arnab Rai Choudhuri, Jagdev Singh

摘要:

太阳有一个极向的磁场,它以11年的太阳黑子周期振荡。这种极向磁场是发电机过程的一个重要组成部分,发电机过程在太阳对流区运行,并产生太阳黑子周期。我们对太阳极区磁场的系统直接测量大约是从20世纪70年代中期开始的。然而,有一些间接的代理人在早期给了我们关于这个领域的信息。1904 - 2007年期间在Kodaikanal太阳天文台拍摄的Ca K光谱日像图现在已经用4k x 4k CCD数字化,并且具有比其他可用的历史数据集更高的分辨率(0.86 arcsec)。从这些钙-钾分光日像,我们已经开发了一个全新的代理(极网指数,PNI)的太阳的极性磁场。我们计算的PNI从数字化图像使用自动算法和校准我们测量的PNI对极场测量的Wilcox太阳天文台在1976年至1990年期间。这种校准使我们能够估计1904年之前的极场。用这个替代物作为输入数据进行的发电机计算相当好地再现了太阳在过去一个世纪的磁性行为。

英文摘要:

The Sun has a polar magnetic field which oscillates with the 11 year sunspot cycle. This polar magnetic field is an important component of the dynamo process which is operating in the solar convection zone and produces the sunspot cycle. We have systematic direct measurements of the Sun's polar magnetic field only from about mid 1970s. There are, however, indirect proxies which give us information about this field at earlier times. The Ca K spectroheliograms taken in Kodaikanal Solar Observatory during 1904 - 2007 have now been digitized with the 4k x 4k CCD and have higher resolution (0.86 arcsec) than the other available historical datasets. From these Ca-K spectroheliograms, we have developed a completely new proxy (Polar Network Index, PNI) for the Sun's polar magnetic field. We calculate the PNI from the digitized images using an automated algorithm and calibrate our measured PNI against the polar field as measured by the Wilcox Solar Observatory for the period of 1976 - 1990. This calibration allows us to estimate polar fields for the earlier period up to 1904. The dynamo calculations done with this proxy as input data reproduce the Sun's magnetic behavior for the past century reasonably well.

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