arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2005.13386astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EP
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类太阳恒星径向速度变化的无符号磁通量

Unsigned magnetic flux as a proxy for radial-velocity variations in Sun-like stars

R. D. Haywood, T. W. Milbourne, S. H. Saar, A. Mortier, D. Phillips, D. Charbonneau, A. Collier Cameron, H. M. Cegla, N. Meunier, M. L. Palumbo

摘要:

我们使用先前针对HARPS-N太阳观测进行验证的旋转调制磁活动物理模型,根据SDO/HMI观测到的单条Fe I线,估计了上一个磁周期内太阳的圆盘平均RV变化。我们估计的磁盘平均,无符号的磁通量,并表明,一个简单的线性拟合,它减少了RV变化的RMS的62%,即2.6的一个因素。我们还应用FF的方法,它预测RV变化的基础上,一颗星的光度变化。在周期的最大值,我们发现,额外的物理过程必须在发挥作用以外的对流蓝移和速度imablances的亮度不均匀性造成的抑制,与最近的研究太阳RV的变化。通过建模RV变化的磁周期使用线性拟合的无符号的磁通量,我们恢复注入行星的轨道周期约为300天,RV半振幅下降到0.3米/秒。为了达到0.1 m/s的半振幅,我们将需要识别和建模未被无符号磁通量或FF '很好地跟踪的附加物理现象。无符号的磁通量是一个很好的代理旋转调制,活动引起的RV变化,并可能成为一个关键的工具,在确认和表征地球类似物绕太阳的恒星。目前的研究激励正在进行的和未来的努力,发展观测和分析技术,以测量在缓慢旋转,相对不活跃的恒星,如太阳的高精度无符号的磁通量。

英文摘要:

We estimate disc-averaged RV variations of the Sun over the last magnetic cycle, from the single Fe I line observed by SDO/HMI, using a physical model for rotationally modulated magnetic activity that was previously validated against HARPS-N solar observations. We estimate the disc-averaged, unsigned magnetic flux and show that a simple linear fit to it reduces the RMS of RV variations by 62%, i.e. a factor of 2.6. We additionally apply the FF' method, which predicts RV variations based on a star's photometric variations. At cycle maximum, we find that additional physical processes must be at play beyond suppression of convective blueshift and velocity imablances resulting from brightness inhomogeneities, in agreement with recent studies of solar RV variations. By modelling RV variations over the magnetic cycle using a linear fit to the unsigned magnetic flux, we recover injected planets at an orbital period of about 300 days with RV semi-amplitudes down to 0.3 m/s. To reach semi-amplitudes of 0.1 m/s, we will need to identify and model additional physical phenomena that are not well traced by the unsigned magnetic flux or FF'. The unsigned magnetic flux is an excellent proxy for rotationally modulated, activity-induced RV variations, and could become a key tool in confirming and characterising Earth analogs orbiting Sun-like stars. The present study motivates ongoing and future efforts to develop observation and analysis techniques to measure the unsigned magnetic flux at high precision in slowly rotating, relatively inactive stars like the Sun.

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