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arXiv 1401.6312cs.LO
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谓词逻辑作为建模语言:IDP系统

Predicate Logic as a Modelling Language: The IDP System

Broes De Cat, Bart Bogaerts, Maurice Bruynooghe, Gerda Janssens, Marc Denecker

摘要:

随着当时的技术,Kowalski在1974年的开创性论文{ \em Predicate Logic as a程序设计语言}是逻辑在计算机科学中应用的突破。它引入了两个基本思想:在声明方面,使用经典逻辑的Horn子句逻辑片段,很快就扩展了否定失败,在程序方面,程序解释使得有可能在形式主义中编写算法。从那时起,在逻辑编程形式主义的声明性理解和自动推理技术方面都取得了很大的进展,特别是在SAT求解,约束编程和答案集编程方面。这为逻辑编程的扩展的发展铺平了道路,该扩展体现了逻辑作为建模语言及其在解决问题中的作用的更纯粹的观点。本文介绍了\idp语言和系统。该语言本质上是经典逻辑的扩展,逻辑编程对知识表示的最重要贡献之一:将复杂定义表示为基于良好语义的规则集。该系统是一个知识库系统:一个系统,其中复杂的声明性信息存储在知识库中,可以用来解决不同的计算问题,通过应用多种形式的推理。在这种观点中,理论是陈述性的模型,信息袋,对可能的事态的描述。它们既不是计算问题的过程,也不是计算问题的描述。因此,\idp语言和系统保留了逻辑程序的声明性读取的基本思想,而它们与逻辑程序的过程性解释的基本思想决裂。

英文摘要:

With the technology of the time, Kowalski's seminal 1974 paper {\em Predicate Logic as a Programming Language} was a breakthrough for the use of logic in computer science. It introduced two fundamental ideas: on the declarative side, the use of the Horn clause logic fragment of classical logic, which was soon extended with negation as failure, on the procedural side the procedural interpretation which made it possible to write algorithms in the formalism. Since then, strong progress was made both on the declarative understanding of the logic programming formalism and in automated reasoning technologies, particularly in SAT solving, Constraint Programming and Answer Set Programming. This has paved the way for the development of an extension of logic programming that embodies a more pure view of logic as a modelling language and its role for problem solving. In this paper, we present the \idp language and system. The language is essentially classical logic extended with one of logic programmings most important contributions to knowledge representation: the representation of complex definitions as rule sets under well-founded semantics. The system is a knowledge base system: a system in which complex declarative information is stored in a knowledge base which can be used to solve different computational problems by applying multiple forms of inference. In this view, theories are declarative modellings, bags of information, descriptions of possible states of affairs. They are neither procedures nor descriptions of computational problems. As such, the \idp language and system preserve the fundamental idea of a declarative reading of logic programs, while they break with the fundamental idea of the procedural interpretation of logic programs.

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