This paper examines the global (in time) regularity of classical solutions to the 2D incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations with only magnetic diffusion. Here the magnetic diffusion is given by the fractional Laplacian operator $(-Δ)^β$. We establish the global regularity for the case when $β>1$. This result significantly improves previous work which requires $β>\frac32$ and brings us closer to the resolution of the well-known global regularity problem on the 2D MHD equations with standard Laplacian magnetic diffusion, namely the case when $β=1$.
In this paper, we address the problem of current-vortex sheets in ideal incompressible magnetohydrodynamics. More precisely, we prove a local-in-time existence and uniqueness result for analytic initial data using a Cauchy-Kowalevskaya theorem.
We prove the existence of both local and global smooth solutions to the Cauchy problem in $\R^3$ for the incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) system. We also prove that the solution to the incompressible MHD system can be obtained as the incompressible limit of the corresponding compressible system. We apply methods in extracting weak dissipative structure which were suggested by Lei-Liu-Zhou.
This paper is concerned with the incompressible limit of the compressible magnetohydrodynamic equations with periodic boundary conditions. It is rigorously shown that the weak solutions of the compressible magnetohydrodynamic equations converge to the strong solution of the viscous or inviscid incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations as long as the latter exists both for the well-prepared initial data and general initial data. Furthermore, the convergence rates are also obtained in the case of the well-prepared initial data.
We study the incompressible limit of the compressible non-isentropic magnetohydrodynamic equations with zero magnetic diffusivity and general initial data in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^d$ $(d=2,3)$. We first establish the existence of classic solutions on a time interval independent of the Mach number. Then, by deriving uniform a priori estimates, we obtain the convergence of the solution to that of the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations as the Mach number tends to zero.
This paper is concerned with the incompressible limit of the compressible magnetohydrodynamic equations with vanishing viscosity coefficients and general initial data in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^d$ $ (d=2$ or 3). It is rigorously showed that, as the Mach number, the shear viscosity coefficient and the magnetic diffusion coefficient simultaneously go to zero, the weak solution of the compressible magnetohydrodynamic equations converges to the strong solution of the ideal incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations as long as the latter exists.
We consider a free boundary problem for the incompressible ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations that describes the motion of the plasma in vacuum. The magnetic field is tangent and the total pressure vanishes along the plasma-vacuum interface. Under the Taylor sign condition of the total pressure on the free surface, we prove the local well-posedness of the problem in Sobolev spaces.
We study the incompressible limit of the compressible non-isentropic ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations with general initial data in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^d$ ($d=2,3$). We first establish the existence of classic solutions on a time interval independent of the Mach number. Then, by deriving uniform a priori estimates, we obtain the convergence of the solution to that of the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations as the Mach number tends to zero.
In this paper we establish the uniform estimates of strong solutions with respect to the Mach number and the dielectric constant to the full compressible Navier-Stokes-Maxwell system in a bounded domain. Based on these uniform estimates, we obtain the convergence of the full compressible Navier-Stokes-Maxwell system to the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations for well-prepared data.
In this paper, we study the well-posedness of boundary layer problems for the inhomogeneous incompressible magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) equations, which are derived from the two dimensional density-dependent incompressible MHD equations.Under the assumption that initial tangential magnetic field is not zero and density is a small perturbation of the outer constant flow in supernorm,the local-in-time existence and uniqueness of inhomogeneous incompressible MHD boundary layer equation are established in weighted Conormal Sobolev spaces by energy method. As a byproduct, the local-in-time well-posedn…
The existence of global-in-time classical solutions to the Cauchy problem of incompressible Magnetohydrodynamic flows with zero magnetic diffusivity is considered in two dimensions. The linearization of equations is a degenerated parabolic-hyperbolic system. The solution is constructed as a small perturbation of a constant background in critical spaces. The deformation gradient has been introduced to decouple the subtle coupling between the flow and the magnetic field. The $L^1$ dissipation of the velocity is obtained.
The hydrodynamic limit of the Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann equations is considered for weak solutions. Using relative entropy estimate about an absolute Maxwellian, an incompressible Electron-Magnetohydrodynamics-Fourier limit for solutions of the Vlasov-Maxwell-Blotzmann equations over any periodic spatial domain in $\R^3$ is studied. It is shown that any properly scaled sequence of renormalized solutions of the Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann equations has fluctuations that (in the weak $L^1$ topology) converge to an infinitesimal Maxwellian with fluid variables that satisfy the incompressibility and B…
We investigate the zero kinematic viscosity-magnetic diffusion limit of the incompressible viscous magnetohydrodynamic equations with Navier boundary conditions in a smooth bounded domain $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^3$. We obtain the uniform regularity of solutions with respect to the kinematic viscosity coefficient and the magnetic diffusivity coefficient. These solutions are uniformly bounded in a conormal Sobolev space and $W^{1,\infty}(Ω)$ which allow us to take the zero kinematic viscosity-magnetic diffusion limit. Moreover, we also get the rates of convergence.
We show that the solution of the free-boundary incompressible ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations with surface tension converges to that of the free-boundary incompressible ideal MHD equations without surface tension given the Rayleigh-Taylor sign condition holds true initially. This result is a continuation of the authors' previous works [17,32,16]. Our proof is based on the combination of the techniques developed in our previous works [17,32,16], Alinhac good unknowns, and a crucial anti-symmetric structure on the boundary.
This paper concerns with the explicit blowup phenomenon for 3D incompressible MHD equations in R^3. More precisely, we find two family of explicit blowup solutions for 3D incompressible MHD equations in R^3. One family of solutions admit the smooth initial data, and the initial data of another family of solutions are not smooth. The energy of those solutions is infinite. Moreover, our results tell us that the blowup phenomenon of 3D incompressible MHD can only take place in the velocity field of the fluid, but no blowup for the magnetic field.
This paper studies the Cauchy problem of the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic systems with or without viscosity $ν$. Under the assumption that the initial velocity field and the displacement of the initial magnetic field from a non-zero constant are sufficiently small in certain weighted Sobolev spaces, the Cauchy problem is shown to be globally well-posed for all $ν\geq 0$ and all space dimension $n \geq 2$. Such a result holds true uniformly in nonnegative viscosity parameter. The proof is based on the inherent strong null structure of the systems which was first introduced for incompressi…
Global weak solutions and incompressible limit of two-dimensional isentropic compressible magnetohydrodynamic equations with ripped density and large initial data
We consider a free boundary problem for the axially symmetric incompressible ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations that describes the motion of the plasma in vacuum. Both the plasma magnetic field and vacuum magnetic field are tangent along the plasma-vacuum interface. Moreover, the vacuum magnetic field is composed in a non-simply connected domain and hence is non-trivial. Under the non-collinearity condition on the free surface, we prove the local well-posedness of the problem in Sobolev spaces.
We consider the three-dimensional incompressible free-boundary magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations in a bounded domain with surface tension on the boundary. We establish a priori estimate for solutions in the Lagrangian coordinates with $H^{3.5}$ regularity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first result focusing on the incompressible ideal free-boundary MHD equations with surface tension. It is worth pointing out that the $1/2$-extra spatial regularity for the flow map $η$ is no longer required in this manuscript thanks to the presence of the surface tension on the boundary.
Global weak solutions and incompressible limit to the isentropic compressible magnetohydrodynamic equations in 2D bounded domains with ripped density and large initial data
The global regularity for the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations (MHD) in three dimensions is a long standing open problem of fluid dynamics and PDE theory. The Navier-Stokes equations can be viewed as a special case of MHD with a constant magnetic field, whose global regularity problem is known as a Clay Millennium Prize Problem. In this article, we prove the global regularity of axially symmetric solutions to the ideal MHD in three dimensions for a family of non-trivial magnetic fields. The proofs are based on the special structures of MHD and can of course also applied to the resi…
We consider the three-dimensional incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations in a bounded domain with small volume and free moving surface boundary. We establish a priori estimate for solutions with minimal regularity assumptions on the initial data in Lagrangian coordinates. In particular, due to the lack of the Cauchy invariance for MHD equations, the smallness assumption on the fluid domain is required to compensate a loss of control of the flow map. Moreover, we show that the magnetic field has certain regularizing effect which allows us to control the vorticity of the fluid and t…
In this paper, we investigate the decay properties of axially symmetric solutions to the steady incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with finite Dirichlet integral. We first derive the decay rates of general D-solutions to the axisymmetric MHD equations. In the special case where the magnetic field only has the swirl component ${\textbf {h}}(r,z)= h_θ(r,z) {\mathbf e_θ}$, we obtain better decay rates. The last result examines the decay rates along the axis $Oz$ also within the special class of D-solutions with only swirl magnetic field. The main tool in this paper is …
This paper is concerned with a Cauchy problem for the three-dimensional (3D) nonhomogeneous incompressible heat conducting magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations in the whole space. First of all, we establish a weak Serrin-type blowup criterion for the strong solutions. It is shown that for the Cauchy problem of the 3D nonhomogeneous heat conducting MHD equations, the strong solution exists globally if the velocity satisfies the weak Serrin's condition. In particular, this criterion is independent of the absolute temperature and magnetic field. Then as an immediate application, we prove the globa…
In the present paper, we prove the a priori estimates of Sobolev norms for a free boundary problem of the incompressible inviscid MHD equations in all physical spatial dimensions $n=2$ and 3 by adopting a geometrical point of view used in Christodoulou-Lindblad CPAM 2000, and estimating quantities such as the second fundamental form and the velocity of the free surface. We identify the well-posedness condition that the outer normal derivative of the total pressure including the fluid and magnetic pressures is negative on the free boundary, which is similar to the physical condition (Taylor sig…
In this paper we consider the equations of the unsteady viscous, incompressible, and heat conducting magnetohydrodynamic flows in a bounded three-dimensional domain with Lipschitz boundary. By an approximation scheme and a weak convergence method, the existence of a weak solution to the three-dimensional density dependent generalized incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations with large data is obtained.
In this paper, we are concerned with the two-dimensional (2D) incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations with velocity dissipation given by $(-Δ)^α$ and magnetic diffusion given by reducing about logarithmic diffusion from standard Laplacian diffusion. More precisely, we establish the global regularity of solutions to the system as long as the power $α$ is a positive constant. In addition, we prove several global \emph{a priori} bounds for the case $α=0$. In particular, our results significantly improve previous works and take us one step closer to a complete resolution of the global r…
We consider a free boundary problem for the axially symmetric incompressible ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations that describes the motion of the plasma in vacuum. Both the plasma magnetic field and vacuum magnetic field are tangent along the plasma-vacuum interface. Moreover, the vacuum magnetic field is composed in a non-simply connected domain and hence is non-trivial. Under the Rayleigh-Taylor sign condition on the free surface, we prove the local well-posedness of the problem in Sobolev spaces. Furthermore, we also prove the local well-posdeness under a more general "stability" assumption…
We study the well-posedness theory for the linearized free boundary problem of incompressible ideal magnetohydrodynamics equations in a bounded domain. We express the magnetic field in terms of the velocity field and the deformation tensors in the Lagrangian coordinates, and substitute the magnetic field into the momentum equation to get an equation of the velocity in which the initial magnetic field serves only as a parameter. Then, we linearize this equation with respect to the position vector field whose time derivative is the velocity, and obtain the local-in-time well-posedness of the sol…
We investigate the nonlinear instability of a smooth Rayleigh-Taylor steady-state solution (including the case of heavier density with increasing height) to the three-dimensional incompressible nonhomogeneous magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations of zero resistivity in the presence of a uniform gravitational field. We first analyze the linearized equations around the steady-state solution. Then we construct solutions of the linearized problem that grow in time in the Sobolev space $H^k$, thus leading to the linear instability. With the help of the constructed unstable solutions of the linearized…
On the Vanishing Viscosity and Magnetic Diffusion Limit for Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamics
Institute of Mathematics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic（捷克科学院数学研究所）；College of Sciences Yangzhou University（扬州大学理学院）；Hohai University（河海大学）
This paper is denoted to the study of dynamical behavior near explicit finite time blowup solutions for three dimensional incompressible Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations. More precisely, we find a family of explicit finite time blowup solutions admitted smooth initial data and infinite energy in whole space $\mathbb{R}^3$. After that, we prove asymptotic stability of those explicit finite time blowup solutions for $3$D incompressible Magnetohydrodynamics equations in a smooth bounded domain with free surface $$ Ω_{t}:=\Big\{(t,x_1,x_2,x_3):0\leq x_i\leq\sqrt{\overline{T}^*-t},\quad t\in(0,…
In this paper we derive a criterion for the breakdown of classical solutions to the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations with zero viscosity and positive resistivity in $\mathbb{R}^3$. This result is analogous to the celebrated Beale-Kato-Majda's breakdown criterion for the inviscid Eluer equations of incompressible fluids. In $\mathbb{R}^2$ we establish global weak solutions to the magnetohydrodynamic equations with zero viscosity and positive resistivity for initial data in Sobolev space $H^1(\mathbb{R}^2)$.
In this paper, we consider the motion of incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) with resistivity in a domain bounded by a free surface. The free boundary problem for MHD is an important problem not only for mathematical fluid dynamics but also some application to the field of engineering In fact, when a thermonuclear reaction is caused artificially, a high-temperature plasma is sometimes subjected to a magnetic field and held in the air, and the boundary of the fluid at this time is a free one. In this paper, an electromagnetic field generated by some currents in an external domain keeps an…
This paper concerns the Cauchy problem of the nonhomogeneous incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations on the whole two-dimensional (2D) space with vacuum as far field density. In particular, the initial density can have compact support. We prove that the 2D Cauchy problem of the nonhomogeneous incompressible MHD equations admits a unique local strong solution provided the initial density and the initial magnetic decay not too slow at infinity.
We prove the existence of a mild solution to the three dimensional incompressible stochastic magnetohydrodynamic equations in the whole space with the initial data which belong to the Sobolev spaces.
The relationship between the compressible magnetohydrodynamic flows with low Mach number and the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic flows is investigated. More precisely, the convergence of weak solutions of the compressible isentropic viscous magnetohydrodynamic equations to the weak solutions of the incompressible viscous magnetohydrodynamic equations is proved as the density becomes constant and the Mach number goes to zero, that is, the corresponding incompressible limits are justified when the spatial domain is a periodic domain, the whole space, or a bounded domain.
In this paper, we establish the global existence to the three-dimensional incompressible Hall-MHD equations for a class of large initial data, whose $L^{\infty}$ norms can be arbitrarily large.
We study the possible interior singular points of suitable weak solutions to the three dimensional incompressible Navier--Stokes equations. We present an improved parabolic upper Minkowski dimension of the possible singular set. It is bounded by $95/63$. The result also continue to hold for the three dimensional incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations without any difficulty.
The existence of a total energy cascade and the scale-locality of the total energy flux are rigorously established working directly from the 3D MHD equations and under assumptions consistent with physical properties of turbulent plasmas. Secondary results are included identifying scenarios where inertial effects on specific energies effect cascade-like behavior as well as a scenario in which the inter-field energy transfer is predominantly from the fluid to the magnetic field.
In this article we initiate the mathematical study of the dynamics of a system of nonlinear Partial Differential Equations modelling the motion of incompressible, isothermal and conducting modified bipolar fluids in presence of magnetic field. We mainly prove the existence of weak solutions to the model. We also prove the existence of a trajectory attractor to the translation semigroup acting on the trajectories of the set of weak solutions and that of external forces. Some results concerning the structure of this trajectory attractor are also given. The results from this paper may be useful i…
We prove the global well-posedness of the Cauchy problem to the 3D incompressible Hall-magnetohydrodynamic system supplemented with initial data in critical Besov spaces, which generalize the result in [10]. Meanwhile , we analyze the long-time behavior of the solutions and get some decay estimates. Finally, a stability theorem for global solutions is established.
In this article, we consider a linearized magnetohydrodynamics system for incompressible flow in a three-dimensional bounded domain. We first prove two kinds of Carleman estimates. This is done by combining the Carleman estimates for the parabolic and the elliptic equations. Then we apply the Carleman estimates to prove Holder type stability results for some inverse source problems.
In the present paper, we show the ill-posedness of the free boundary problem of the incompressible ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations in two spatial dimensions for any positive vacuum permeability $μ_0$, in Sobolev spaces. The analysis is uniform for any $μ_0>0$.
The main objective of this paper is to study the global strong solution of the parabolic-hyperbolic incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model in two dimensional space. Based on Agmon, Douglis and Nirenberg's estimates for the stationary Stokes equation and the Solonnikov's theorem of $L^p$-$L^q$-estimates for the evolution Stokes equation, it is shown that the mixed-type MHD equations exist a global strong solution.
In this paper, we prove the local well-posedness of plasma-vacuum interface problem for ideal incompressible magnetohydrodynamics under the stability condition: the magnetic field $\mathbf{h}$ and the vacuum magnetic field $\hat{\mathbf{h}}$ are non-collinear on the interface(i.e., $|\mathbf{h}\times \hat{\mathbf{h}}|>0$), which was introduced by Trakhinin as a stability condition for the compressible plasma-vacuum interface problem.
