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arXiv 1111.6467math-phmath.MPquant-ph
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量子力学中的例外正交多项式与新的精确可解势

Exceptional orthogonal polynomials and new exactly solvable potentials in quantum mechanics

C. Quesne

摘要:

近年来,量子力学中最有趣的发展之一是构造了新的精确可解势,这与数学物理中例外正交多项式(EOP)族的出现有关。与(雅可比,拉盖尔和厄米)经典正交多项式的家庭,开始与一个常数,EOP家庭开始与一些多项式的程度大于或等于一,但仍然形成完整的,正交集关于一些正定措施。我们展示了它们是如何出现在著名的完全可解量子势的某些有理扩展的束缚态波函数中的。这样的合理的扩展是最容易构建的超对称量子力学(SUSYQM)的框架,在那里他们会产生一类新的几何形状不变的潜力。我们回顾了这一领域的最新成果,其中使用高阶SUSYQM。我们还评论了最近的一些重新检查的形状不变性条件,这是独立的EOP建设问题。

英文摘要:

In recent years, one of the most interesting developments in quantum mechanics has been the construction of new exactly solvable potentials connected with the appearance of families of exceptional orthogonal polynomials (EOP) in mathematical physics. In contrast with families of (Jacobi, Laguerre and Hermite) classical orthogonal polynomials, which start with a constant, the EOP families begin with some polynomial of degree greater than or equal to one, but still form complete, orthogonal sets with respect to some positive-definite measure. We show how they may appear in the bound-state wavefunctions of some rational extensions of well-known exactly solvable quantum potentials. Such rational extensions are most easily constructed in the framework of supersymmetric quantum mechanics (SUSYQM), where they give rise to a new class of translationally shape invariant potentials. We review the most recent results in this field, which use higher-order SUSYQM. We also comment on some recent re-examinations of the shape invariance condition, which are independent of the EOP construction problem.

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